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Scanning tunneling

The development of scanning probe microscopies and x-ray reflectivity (see Chapter VIII) has allowed molecular-level characterization of the structure of the electrode surface after electrochemical reactions [145]. In particular, the important role of adsorbates in determining the state of an electrode surface is illustrated by scanning tunneling microscopic (STM) images of gold (III) surfaces in the presence and absence of chloride ions [153]. Electrodeposition of one metal on another can also be measured via x-ray diffraction [154]. [Pg.203]

The ability to control the position of a fine tip in order to scan surfaces with subatomic resolution has brought scanning probe microscopies to the forefront in surface imaging techniques. We discuss the two primary techniques, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) the interested reader is referred to comprehensive reviews [9, 17, 18]. [Pg.294]

Since scanning tunneling microscopy requires flat conducting surfaces, it is not surprising that most of its early application was to study inorganic materials [17, 19, 20, 29-34]. These studies include investigations of catalytic metal surfaces [24, 35-37], silicon and other oxides [21], superconductors [38], gold... [Pg.294]

Fig. VIII-1. Schematic illustration of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). (From Ref. 9.)... Fig. VIII-1. Schematic illustration of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). (From Ref. 9.)...
Fig. VIII-2. Scanning tunneling microscopy images illustrating the capabilities of the technique (a) a 10-nm-square scan of a silicon(lll) crystal showing defects and terraces from Ref. 21 (b) the surface of an Ag-Au alloy electrode being electrochemically roughened at 0.2 V and 2 and 42 min after reaching 0.70 V (from Ref. 22) (c) an island of CO molecules on a platinum surface formed by sliding the molecules along the surface with the STM tip (from Ref. 41). Fig. VIII-2. Scanning tunneling microscopy images illustrating the capabilities of the technique (a) a 10-nm-square scan of a silicon(lll) crystal showing defects and terraces from Ref. 21 (b) the surface of an Ag-Au alloy electrode being electrochemically roughened at 0.2 V and 2 and 42 min after reaching 0.70 V (from Ref. 22) (c) an island of CO molecules on a platinum surface formed by sliding the molecules along the surface with the STM tip (from Ref. 41).
STM Scanning tunneling microscopy [9, 19, 31] Tunneling current from probe scans a conducting surface Surface structure... [Pg.313]

We have considered briefly the important macroscopic description of a solid adsorbent, namely, its speciflc surface area, its possible fractal nature, and if porous, its pore size distribution. In addition, it is important to know as much as possible about the microscopic structure of the surface, and contemporary surface spectroscopic and diffraction techniques, discussed in Chapter VIII, provide a good deal of such information (see also Refs. 55 and 56 for short general reviews, and the monograph by Somoijai [57]). Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFT) are now widely used to obtain the structure of surfaces and of adsorbed layers on a molecular scale (see Chapter VIII, Section XVIII-2B, and Ref. 58). On a less informative and more statistical basis are site energy distributions (Section XVII-14) there is also the somewhat laige-scale type of structure due to surface imperfections and dislocations (Section VII-4D and Fig. XVIII-14). [Pg.581]

We confine ourselves here to scanning probe microscopies (see Section VIII-2B) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), in which successive profiles of a surface (see Fig. VIII-1) are combined to provide a contour map of a surface. It is conventional to display a map in terms of dark to light areas, in order of increasing height above the surface ordinary contour maps would be confusing to the eye. [Pg.688]

Binnig G and Rohrer FI 1987 Scanning tunneling microscopy—from birth to adolescence Rev. Mod. Rhys. 59 615... [Pg.319]

Marrian C R K, Perkins F K, Brandow S L, Koloski T S, Dobisz E A and Calvert J M 1994 Low voltage electron beam lithography in self-assembled ultrathin films with the scanning tunneling microscope Appi. Rhys. Lett. 64 390... [Pg.319]

Stroscio J A and Eigler D M 1991 Atomic and molecular manipulation with the scanning tunneling microscope Science 254 319... [Pg.319]

Eigler D M and Schweizer E K 1990 Positioning single atoms with a scanning tunneling microscope Nature 344 524... [Pg.319]

Itaya K 1998 In situ scanning tunneling microscopy in electrolyte solutions Prog. Surf. Sc/. 58 121... [Pg.320]

Drake B, Sonnenfeld R, Schneir J and Hansma P K 1987 Scanning tunneling microscopy of process at liquid-solid interfaces Surf. Sc/. 181 92... [Pg.320]

Giancarlo L C and Flynn G W 1988 Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy probes of self-assembled, physisorbed monolayers A/ / . Rev. Phys. Chem. 49 297... [Pg.320]

Schneir J, Harary H H, Dagata J A, Hansma P Kand Sonnenfeld R 1989 Scanning tunneling microscopy and fabrication of nanometer scale structure at the liquid-gold interface Scanning Microsc. 3 719... [Pg.320]

Moffat T P, Fan FRF and Bard A 1991 Electrochemical and scanning tunneling microscopic study of dealloying of CUjAu J. Electrochem. Soc. 138 3224... [Pg.954]

Figure Bl.19.2. The two modes of operation for scanning tunnelling microscopes (a) constant current and (b) constant height. (Taken from [214], figure 1.)... Figure Bl.19.2. The two modes of operation for scanning tunnelling microscopes (a) constant current and (b) constant height. (Taken from [214], figure 1.)...
McIntyre B J, Salmeron M and Somorjai G A 1993 A variable pressure/temperature scanning tunnelling microscope for surface science and catalysis studies Rev. Sc/. Instrum. 64 687... [Pg.1720]

Wiesendanger R and Gtintherodt H-J (eds) 1995 Scanning Tunnelling M/croscopy (Berlin Springer) vols l-lll... [Pg.1720]

Bonnell D A (ed) 1993 Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy and Spectroscopy (Weinheim VCH)... [Pg.1720]

Rohrer G 1993 The preparation of tip and sample surfaces for STM experiments Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy and Spectroscopy ed D A Bonnell (Weinheim VCH) ch 6... [Pg.1720]

Tromp R M, Hamers R J and Demuth J E 1986 Atomic and electronic contributions to Si(111)-(7 7) scanning-tunnelling-microscopy images Rhys. Rev. B 34 1388... [Pg.1721]

Hamers R, Avouris P and Boszo F 1987 Imaging of chemical-bond formation with the scanning tunnelling microscope NH, dissociation on Si(OOI) Rhys. Rev. Lett. 59 2071... [Pg.1721]

Zheng Z F, Salmeron M B and Weber E R 1994 Empty state and filled state image of Zn acceptor in GaAs studied by scanning tunnelling microscopy Appl. Rhys. Lett. 64 1836... [Pg.1721]

Kitamura N, Lagally M G and Webb M B 1993 Real-time observations of vacancy diffusion on Si(001)-(2 1) by scanning tunnelling microscopy Rhys. Rev. Lett. 71 2082... [Pg.1721]

Kuk Y 1994 STM on metals Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy led R Wiesendanger and H-J Guntherodt (Berlin Springer) ch 3... [Pg.1721]

Hasegawa Y and Avouris Ph 1993 Direct observation of standing wave formation at surface steps using scanning tunnelling spectroscopy Rhys. Rev. Lett. 71 1071... [Pg.1721]

Jaklevic R C and Elie L 1988 Scanning-tunnelling-microscope observation of surface diffusion on an atomic scale Au on Au(111) Rhys. Rev. Lett. 60 120... [Pg.1721]

Weiss P S and Eigler D M 1993 Site dependence of the apparent shape of a molecule in scanning tunnelling microscope images benzene on Pt(111) Rhys. Rev. Lett. 71 3139... [Pg.1721]

Ohtani H, Wilson R J, Chiang S and Mate C M 1988 Scanning tunnelling microscopy observations of benzene molecules on the Rh(111)-(3 3) (CgHg + 2CO) surface Rhys. Rev. Lett. 60 2398... [Pg.1721]

Smith D P E, Hdrber H, Gerber Ch and Binnig G 1989 Smectic liquid crystal monolayers on graphite observed by scanning tunnelling microscopy Science 245 43... [Pg.1721]

Tang S L, McGhie A J and Suna A 1993 Molecular-resolution imaging of insulating macromolecules with the scanning tunnelling microscope via a nontunnelling, electric-field-induced mechanism Phys. Rev. B 47 3850... [Pg.1722]

Maaloum M, Chretien D, Karsenti E and FIdrber J K FI 1994 Approaching microtubule structure with the scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) J. Ceii Sc/. 107 part II 3127... [Pg.1722]


See other pages where Scanning tunneling is mentioned: [Pg.270]    [Pg.634]    [Pg.685]    [Pg.1677]    [Pg.1679]    [Pg.1720]    [Pg.1720]    [Pg.1722]   


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Adsorbate-covered surfaces, scanning tunneling microscopy

Applications of scanning tunneling

Applications of scanning tunneling microscopy

Atomic force microscopy scanning tunnel microscopes

Basic scanning tunneling microscopy

Biological scanning tunneling microscopy

Cantilever deflection, scanning tunneling microscopy

Complex materials, characterization scanning tunneling microscopy

Constant current mode scanning tunneling

Constant current mode scanning tunneling microscopy

Constant current/height mode, scanning tunneling

Constant current/height mode, scanning tunneling microscopy

Constant height mode scanning tunneling

Constant height mode scanning tunneling microscopy

Cuprates scanning tunneling microscopy

Electrochemical scanning tunneling

Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscope

Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy EC-STM)

Electrochemical scanning tunnelling microscopy EC-STM)

Electrodeposition on the Nanometer Scale In Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Electron microscopy scanning tunneling

Fluorescence scanning tunneling microscopy

High resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy

High-pressure scanning tunneling

Image formation scanning tunneling microscope

Imaging of Single Biomolecules by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

In situ scanning tunnelling microscopy

Inelastic scanning tunnelling spectroscopy

Instrumentation scanning tunneling microscopy

K scanning tunneling microscopy

Langmuir-Blodgett films scanning tunneling microscopy

Low-temperature scanning tunneling

Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopes

Metal electrodes, scanning tunneling microscopy

Metal electrodes, scanning tunneling microscopy applications

Metal electrodes, scanning tunneling microscopy electronics

Metal electrodes, scanning tunneling microscopy studies

Microscopic studies scanning tunneling microscopy

Microscopy scanning tunnelling electro

Monolayer scanning tunneling microscopy

Nanostructured materials scanning tunneling microscopy

Near-field imaging technique, scanning tunnelling

Near-field imaging technique, scanning tunnelling microscopy

Original scanning tunneling microscope

PART III. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

PSTM (photon scanning tunneling

Photon scanning-tunneling microscope

Photon scanning-tunneling microscopy

Porphyrins scanning tunneling microscopy

Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Coupled with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy

STM (scanning tunnelling

STM = scanning tunnelling microscope

STM, scanning tunneling

Sample scanning tunnelling

Scanned Probe Microscopy electron tunnelling

Scanning Tunneling Microscop

Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Its Derivatives

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Semiconductor Surfaces

Scanning Tunneling-based Molecular Junctions

Scanning probe techniques tunneling microscopy

Scanning tunnel microscope

Scanning tunnel microscopy

Scanning tunnel microscopy , point

Scanning tunneling atomic force

Scanning tunneling break junction

Scanning tunneling electronic microscopy

Scanning tunneling luminescence

Scanning tunneling microscope

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Scanning tunneling microscopy

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Scanning tunneling microscopy adsorbed organic molecule

Scanning tunneling microscopy adsorption structure

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Scanning tunneling microscopy aqueous solutions

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Scanning tunneling microscopy break junction

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Scanning tunneling microscopy of cuprate

Scanning tunneling microscopy of insulators

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Scanning tunneling/atomic force microscope

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Scanning tunnelling

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Scanning tunnelling microscope variable temperature

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Scanning tunnelling microscopy

Scanning tunnelling microscopy electrochemical

Scanning tunnelling microscopy structural information from

Scanning tunnelling microscopy, STM

Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy

Schematic diagram scanning tunneling microscope

Self-assembly of thiophene-based materials a scanning tunneling microscopy perspective

Shape scanning tunneling microscopy

Source scanning tunnelling microscopy

Spatial information, scanning tunneling microscopy

Spectral scanning tunneling microscopy

Spectroscopy scanning tunnelling microscopy, STM

Spin polarized scanning tunnelling microscopy

Spin-polarized scanning tunneling

Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy

Subject Scanning tunneling microscopy

Substrate/surface characterization scanning tunneling microscopy

Surface analysis scanning tunneling microscopy

The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) Images of Individual Atoms on Surfaces

The scanning tunneling microscope

The scanning tunnelling microscope

Theory of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Applications in Catalysis

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