Inelastic scanning tunnelling spectroscopy

In parallel, the theory of inelastic scanning tunneling spectroscopy was developed [113-116,161-163], For a recent review of the electron-vibron problem and its relation to charge transport at the molecular scale see Ref. [164], Note the related problem of quantum shuttle [143,145,147,149],... 

Despite the enormous impact that scanning probe methods have had on our understanding of reactions at oxide surfaces, both STM and AFM suffer from the lack of chemical specificity. The application of STM-inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy is a potential solution as it can be used to measure the vibrational spectrum of individual molecules at the surface [69, 70]. 

Scanning tunneling spectroscopy although inelastic elearon tunneling spearoscopy provides a higher resolution at about 0.05 eV at very low temperatures (several Kelvin), it is not practical for electrochemistry. 

Spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy (SPSTS) Phonon spectroscopy by inelastic electron tunneling (lET) Photoassisted tunneling spectroscopy (SFES) Tunneling-induced luminescence spectroscopy (TILS)... 

Keywords Vibrational spectroscopy scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy conductance inelastic conductance single-molecule chemistry controlled manipulation mode-selective reactivity. 

The experimental detection and quantification of surface species on in situ soil particles and other natural colloids is a difficult area of research because of sample heterogeneity, low surface concentrations, and the necessity of investigating the solid adsorbents in the presence of water. Unambiguous information can be obtained only with in situ surface spectroscopy, such as X-ray photoelectron (XPS), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), inelastic electron tunnelling (lETS), and electron energy loss (EEL) spectroscopies. Recent advances in the development of non-invasive, in situ spectroscopic scanned-probe and microscopic techniques have been applied successfully to study mineral particles in aqueous suspensions (Hawthorne, 1988 Hochella and White, 1990 Bertsch and Hunter, 1998). 

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