Scanning tunneling microscopy images

Fig. VIII-2. Scanning tunneling microscopy images illustrating the capabilities of the technique (a) a 10-nm-square scan of a silicon(lll) crystal showing defects and terraces from Ref. 21 (b) the surface of an Ag-Au alloy electrode being electrochemically roughened at 0.2 V and 2 and 42 min after reaching 0.70 V (from Ref. 22) (c) an island of CO molecules on a platinum surface formed by sliding the molecules along the surface with the STM tip (from Ref. 41).

Tromp R M, Hamers R J and Demuth J E 1986 Atomic and electronic contributions to Si(111)-(7 7) scanning-tunnelling-microscopy images Rhys. Rev. B 34 1388... 

Ph. Ebert, B. Engels, P. Richard, K. Schroeder, S. Bluegel, C. Domke, M. Heinrich, K. Urban. Contribution of surface resonances to scanning tunneling microscopy images (110) surfaces of III-V semiconductors. Phys Rev Lett 77 2997, 1996. 

M. Makri, C.G. Vayenas, S. Bebelis, K.H. Besocke, and C. Cavalca, Atomic Resolution Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Imaging of Pt Electrodes Intefaced with P"-A1203, Ionics 2, 248-253 (1996). 

Herrero E, Leliu JM, Wieckowski A. 1999. Scanning tunneling microscopy images of ruthenium submonolayers spontaneously deposited on a Pt(lll) electrodes. Langmuir 15 4944. 

Fig. 19 AFM images of G-wires freshly adsorbed onto mica imaged via tapping mode (a). Same sample imaged by the same tip 24 h later after drying in an oven at 37 °C (b). Low current scanning tunneling microscopy image of G-wires freshly adsorbed on mica (c). Note the preferential orientation is not a sample preparation artefact, e.g., due to rinsing [126]. Reprinted with permission...

Stolyarova E, Rim KT, Ryu S et al (2007) High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy imaging of mesoscopic graphene sheets on an insulating surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104 9209-9212... 

Tersoff, J. (1986). Anomalous corrugation in scanning tunneling microscopy Imaging of individual states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 440-443. 

Figure 4.2. Scanning tunnelling microscopy images of prone carboxylic acid molecules (reproduced by kind permission of Dr H. Matsuda and Canon Inc.).

H. A. Mizes, S. Park and W. A. Harrison, Multiple-tip interpretation of anomalous scanning-tunneling-microscopy images of layered materials, Phys. Rev. B 36, 4491 (1987). 

H. A. Mizes, Interpretation of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Images of Graphite, PhD thesis, (Stanford University, 1987). 

D. Tomanek, S. G. Louie, H. J. Mamin, D. W. Abraham, R. E. Thomson, E. Ganz and J. Carke, Theory and observation of highly asymmetric atomic structure in scanning-tunneling-microscopy images of graphite, Phys. Rev. B 35, 7790 (1987). 

Fig. 7. Scanning tunneling microscopy image from a Pt(110) surface showing nucleation of the CO-induced 1 x 2— 1 x I transformation (a) and corresponding ball model (b). (From Ref. 57.)...

Refs. [i] Conway BE (1999) Electrochemical processes involving H adsorbed at metal electrode surfaces. In Wieckowski A (ed) Interfacial electrochemistry, theory, experiment, and applications. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 131-150 [ii] Climent V, Gomez R, Orts JM, Rodes A, AldazA, Feliu JM (1999) Electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy images of small single-crystal electrodes. In Wieckowski A (ed) Interfacial electrochemistry, theory, experiment, and applications. MarcelDekker, New York, pp 463-475 [Hi] Calvo E] (1986) Fundamentals. The basics of electrode reactions. In Bamford CH, Compton RG (eds) Comprehensive chemical kinetics, vol. 26. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1-78... 

Tsai DP, Kovacs J, Wang Z, Moskovits M, Shalaev VM, Suh JS, Botet R (1994) Photon scanning tunneling microscopy images of optical excitations of fractal metal colloid clusters. Phys Rev Lett 72(26) 4149... 

W. Haiss, D. Lackey, J.K. Sass, K.H. Besocke, Atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy images of Au(l 11) surfaces in air and polar organic solvents. J. Chem. Phys. 95, 2193-2196, 1991. 

This chapter has been reorganized to place greater emphasis on the physical structure of the atom, as determined from the classic experiments of Thomson, Millikan, and Rutherford. The chapter ends with direct scanning tunneling microscopy images of individual atoms in chemical reactions. Section 1.6 in Principles of Modern Chemistry, fifth edition (mole, density, molecular volume), has been moved to Chapter 2, which now gives a comprehensive treatment of formulas, stoichiometry, and chemical equations. 

Fig. 4.4. Scanning tunneling microscopy image of polymer-coated Pdssi nanocrystals. The nanocrystals are seen as fluffy balls against the plane background of the graphite substrate. The inset shows a high-resolution electron micrograph (HRTEM) of an individual...

Liang, W. et al.. Electronic origin of scanning-tunneling-microscopy images and carbon skeleton orientations of normal-alkanes adsorbed on graphite, Adv. Mater. 5, 817-821, 1993. 

Grevin, B. et al.. Multiscale scanning tunneling microscopy imaging of self-organized regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) films, J. Chem. Phys. 118, 7097-7102, 2003. 

Scudiero. L. Barlow. D.E. Hipps, K.W. Physical properties and metal ion specific scanning tunneling microscopy images of metal(II) tetraphenylpoiphyrins deposited from vapor onto gold (111). J. Phys. Chem.. B 2000. 104, 11899-11905. 

The spectra of CO adsorbed on nanostructured thin films that were measured by Su et al. are shown in Fig. 8a for different oxidation-reduction cycling (ORC) times the corresponding scanning tunneling microscopy images are shown in Fig. 8b. The similarity of these spectra with the ones measured by Bjerke et al. is readily seen. Comparison with the spectra shown in Fig. 9 that were calculated with different values of f shows how well that the experimental and calculated spectra match. 

Zheng NJ, Wilson IH, Knipping U, Bnrt DM, Krinsley DH, Tsong 1ST (1988) Atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy images of dislocations. Phys Rev B Cond Mat 38 12780-12782... 

Fig. 5.5 An example of surface complex involving Cu adatoms 9,10-anthracenedicarbonitrile on Cu(l 11). (a) scanning tunneling microscopy image (17 x 10 nm) (b) relevant model (Reproduced from Ref. [37] with the permission of Wiley)...

Figures 5.2-7-5.2-17 give the accepted reconstruction models for a selection of covalent and polar semiconductors, together with STM (scanning tunneling microscopy) images of some of the surfaces. Tables 5.2-6, 5.2-7, and 5.2-8 give the positions of the atoms in reconstructed Si(lll) 2x1 and Si (111)7x7 surfaces and the parameters of the rotation/relaxation model of polar semiconductors.

Figure 5. Scanning tunneling microscopy images of I-pretreated Pd(llO) at the start (A) and after four minutes (B) of anodic dissolution in 0.05 Af H2SO4.

Figure 9.10. Scanning tunneling microscopy images of Ru nano-particles formed onto a Pt(l 11) single crystal. (A) Substrate without CO and prior to deposition, (B) deposited Ru particles for 5 min., (C) higher resolution image of (B), (D) deposited Ru particles for 30 min [40]. (Reprinted with permission from MaUlard F, Lu C-Q, Wieckowski A, Stimming U, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 16230, Figure 1. Copyright 2005 American Chemical Society.)...

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