Nanostructured materials scanning tunneling microscopy

Nanostructured materials have also been formed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) [24], scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) [25], and atomic force microscopy (AFM) [26], Recent reports on the modification of atomic sites at bare surfaces by STM [27] and the formation of nanometer-scale defects by STM [28] and AFM [29] illustrate the power of these techniques. 

Garcia, N. (1991). Scanning tunneling microscopy and force microscopy applied to magnetic materials. In Science and Technology of Nanostructured Materials. Eds. G. C. Hadjipanayis and G. A. Prinz. NATO ASI Series B Physics, Vol. 259. Plenum Press, London, pp. 301-30. 

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