Research needs

Aaslyng, M.D., Martens, M., Poll, L., Nielsen, P.M., Flyge, H., and Larsen, L.M. 1998. Chemical and sensory characterization of hydrolyzed vegetable protein, a savory flavoring. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46, 481-489. 

Abd El-Salam, M.H., El-Shibiny, S., and Buchheim, W. 1996. Characteristics and potential uses of the casein macropeptide. Int. Dairy J. 6, 327-341. 

Abubakar, A., Saito, T., Kitazawa, H., Kawai, Y., and Itoh, T. 1998. Structural analysis of new antihypertensive peptides derived from cheese whey protein by proteinase K digestion. J. Dairy Sci. 81, 3131-3138. 

Adamson, N.J. and Reynolds, E.C. 1995. Characterization of tryptic casein phosphopeptides prepared under industrially relevant conditions. Biotechnol. Bioengng. 45, 196-204. 

Chianes, L., Salzano, A., Sacchi, R., Cappuccio, U., Ferranti, P., and Malorni, A. 1992. Characterization of the 12% trichloroacetic acid-insoluble oligopeptides of Parmigiano-Reggiano 

Since the isolation of IGTS8, many other Rhodococcus as well as Mycobacterium strains capable of sulfur-specific desulfurization via the 4S pathway have been isolated. Genetic analysis of some of these strains has shown that the dsz genes are almost identical in all these strains however, the strains still differ in their rate of desulfurization. It has been realized that this is due to the difference in non-desulfurizing traits of the strains. These traits are mostly physiological differences between the strains. These parameters play a secondary role in determining the rate of desulfurization in these strains. These include the ability to emulsify the oil phase, solvent tolerance and resistance to various 

Biocatalyst regeneration can be envisioned to be more than just co-factor regeneration. This may include induction and production of desulfurization enzymes during the desulfurization process or reproduction of new cells. Neither of these issues has been looked 

A few key points will enable us to begin addressing the factors controlling production, function, and activities of extracellular enzymes in aquatic systems  

Enzymes and proteins from organisms that grow near and above 100°C. Annual Review of Microbiology 47 627-658. 

Antranikian, G. 1992. Microbial degradation of starch. In Microbial Degradation of Natural Products (G. Winkelman, Ed.) pp. 27-56. VCH, New York. 

Hashikawa, and T. Morishita. 2000. Cloning, sequencing, and expression in Escherichia coli of the new gene encoding b-l,3-xylanase from a marine bacterium, Vibrio sp. Strain XY-214. Applied and Environment Microbiology 66 1741-1743. 

Arnosti, C. 1995. Measurement of depth- and site-related differences in polysaccharide hydrolysis rates in marine sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59 4247-4257. 

Conceptually, biotransformation of contaminants in soils appears to be influenced by at least three interacting levels of complexity (a) the heterogeneous soil pore network, (b) the abiotic environmental conditions, and (c) the network of cataboli-cally interacting microorganisms responding to their environment. Thus, understanding of the interplay of structure and function of this complex (heterogeneous 

This chapter has been written as a contribution to the German-Argentinean project ELECTRA (D/07/09664 and PA/DA/07/03) supported by the Federal German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Secretario de Ciencia y Technica de la Nacion (SECYT). 

Acar YB, Alshawabkeh AN. (1993). Principles of electrokinetic remediation. Environmental Science Technology 27 2638-2647. 

Alexander M. (2000). Aging, bioavailability, and overestimation of risk from environmental pollutants. Environmental Science Technology 34 4259 265. 

Aronsson K, Ronner U, Borch E. (2005). Inactivation of Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in relation to membrane permeabilization and subsequent leakage of intracellular compounds due to pulsed electric field processing. International Journal of Food Microbiology 99 19-32. 

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When using computational chemistry to answer a chemical question, the obvious problem is that the researcher needs to know how to use the software. The difficulty sometimes overlooked is that one must estimate how accurate the answer will be in advance. The sections below provide a checklist to follow. 

H. D. Schindler, ed.. Coal Eiquefaction—A Research Needs Assessment Technical Background, pubhcation DOE/ER-0400, Vol. 2, U.S. Dept, of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1989. 

Several activities, if successful, would strongly boost the prospects for fuel ceU technology. These include the development of (/) an active electrocatalyst for the direct electrochemical oxidation of methanol (2) improved electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and (2) a more CO-tolerant electrocatalyst for hydrogen. A comprehensive assessment of the research needs for advancing fuel ceU technologies, conducted in the 1980s, is available (22). 

Research Needs for Estabhshing Dietary Guidelines for Sodium" in Teseanh NeedsforHstablishing Dietary Guidelinesfor the U.T Population, The National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1979. 

H. D. Schindler "Coal Liquefaction A Research Needs Assessment," Vol. 2, Technical Background, Final Report on DOE Contract Mo. DE-AC01-87ER30110, 1989. 

The modeling of fluidized beds remains a difficult problem since the usual assumptions made for the heat and mass transfer processes in coal combustion in stagnant air are no longer vaUd. Furthermore, the prediction of bubble behavior, generation, growth, coalescence, stabiUty, and interaction with heat exchange tubes, as well as attrition and elutriation of particles, are not well understood and much more research needs to be done. Good reviews on various aspects of fluidized-bed combustion appear in References 121 and 122 (Table 2). 

Research needs identified from risk assessment process... 

Spencer, P. S., and Schaumburg, H. H. (1985). Organic solv ent neurotoxicity Facts and research needs. Scand. ]. Environ. Health 11, 53-60. 

Further definition of initial blast strength is, however, a major research need that is so far unmet. 

This work is structured as a study guide, and it employs a hands-on approach to teaching you how to use electronic structure theory to investigate chemical systems. It is suitable for either individual, self-paced study or classroom use. Naturally, not every section will be relevant to all readers. Accordingly, chapters are designed to be as self-contained as possible you should focus on those parts which address your research needs and interests. 

Future studies must focus on those specific agricultural technologies that have contributed to the increased use of pesticides during the past 40 years, and why crop losses to pests continue to Increase. Research needs not only to identify the detrimental technologies, but, more Important, develop ecologically sound practices that farmers can use as profitable substitutes (15). 

Frontiers in Chemical Engineering Research Needs and Opportunities... 

Frontiers in Chemicai Engineering Research Needs and Opportunities http //www.nap.edu/cataiog/1095.htmi... 

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