Inspection procedures

Increasing mechanisation and automatisation of non-destructive inspection procedures lead to an increasing amount of data that is acquired in a short amount of time. This in turn creates a need for reliable automatic or automated data interpretation techniques. 

Apart from the cost of knowledge acquisition, another disadvantage of rule-based systems is the difficulty of rule-base maintenance. Rule-base maintenance may be required when changes are made to the inspection system, the inspection procedures, or if differing constructions are inspected. The maintenance usually cannot be done by end-users. 

The efficiency of gas turbines is limited by the maximum allowable turbine inlet temperature (TIT). The TIT may be increased by cooling of the blades and vanes of the high pressure turbine. Cooling channels can be casted into the components or may be drilled afterwards. Non-conventional processes like EDM, ECD or Laser are used for drilling. Radiographic examination of the drilled components is part of the inspection procedure. Traditional X-Ray film technique has been used. The consumable costs, the waste disposal and the limited capacity of the two film units lead to the decision to investigate the alternative of Real-Time X-Ray. 

Once the feasibility of using real time X-ray as an inspection method was established, it was decided to proceed with the design of a system equally suited for control of incoming frozen fish blocks and for developing inspection procedures. These inspection procedures are, when completed, to be the basis of the inspection standards for the complete concern. 

The CamuS system consists of a number of components, both hardware and software, as shown in Figure 1. The hub of the system is the data acquisition unit, which collects and stores ultrasonic data in the form of RF waveforms. An accurate probe position monitor provides information on the location and orientation of the probe as it is scanned over the test object. Software tools have been developed to provide assistance to the user with preparing inspection procedures according to the requirements of prEN1714 with visualising the data, in relation to the test object with making measurements of any indications present and with classifying indications. 

As stated above the Surveyor s role will include an assessment of the yard s quality control department including the suppliers of any contracted NDE services. The Surveyor will look for the employment of qualified personnel, the availability of adequate inspection procedures and the presentation of definitive NDE reports. 

Operating procedures prescribe how specific tasks are to be performed. Subcategories of these procedures may include test procedures, inspection procedures, installation procedures, etc. These should reference the standards and guides (see below) which are needed to carry out the task, document the results, and contain the forms to be used on which to record information. 

These criteria would need to be varied depending on whether the items being supplied were in batches or separate. However, these are the kind of decisions you need to make in order to apply practical receipt inspection procedures. 

There are two categories of equipment which determine the selection of equipment general-purpose and special-to-type equipment. It should not be necessary to specify all the general-purpose equipment needed to perform basic measurements, which would be expected to be known by appropriately trained personnel. You should not need to tell an inspector or tester which micrometer, vernier caliper, voltmeter, or oscilloscope to use. These are the tools of the trade and they should select the tool which is capable of measuring the particular parameters with the accuracy and precision required. However, you will need to tell them which device to use if the measurement requires unusual equipment or the environmental conditions prevailing require that only equipment be selected that will operate in such an environment. In such cases the particular devices to be used should be specified in the test or inspection procedures. In order to demonstrate that you selected the appropriate device at some later date, you should consider recording the actual device used in the record of results. With mechanical devices this is not normally necessary because wear should be detected well in advance of there being a problem by periodic calibration. 

The documents that define the calibration process themselves are derived documents and therefore will be governed by your control procedure. They do not need to be listed along with all your other control and operating procedures in the index of quality system documents. A separate index of calibration methods should be maintained. Calibration methods are like test and inspection procedures, they are product specific. 

Ensure your test and inspection procedures identify the measurements to be made and the accuracy required. 

You may only need one procedure that covers all the requirements but this is not always practical. The provisions you make for specific quality records should be included in the procedures for controlling the activity being recorded. For example, provisions for inspection records should be included in the inspection procedures, provisions for design review records should be included in the design review procedure. Within such procedures you should provide the forms (or content requirements for the records), the identification, collection/submission provisions, the indexing and filing provisions. It may be more practical to cover the storage, disposal, and retention provisions in separate procedures because they may not be type-dependent. Where each department retains its own records, these provisions may vary and therefore warrant separate procedures. 

Reliability engineering Materials of constraction Fabrication and inspection procedures Installation procedures Preventive maintenance... 

Fabrication techniques, inspection procedures, installation praetices (except as noted). 

The visual field inspection of derrick or mast and substructure procedure is recommended for use by operating personnel (or a designated representative) to the extent that its use satisfies conditions for which an inspection is intended. A sample report form for this inspection procedure can be found in API Standard 4F. Forms are also available from International Association of Drilling Contractors (lADC). 

Note Couplings inspection procedures are described by API RP 5B1, First Edition, April 1983. 

New tubing is delivered free of injurious defects as defined in API Standard 5A, SAC and SAX, and within the practical limits of the inspection procedures therein prescribed. Some users have found that, for a limited number of critical well applications, these procedures do not result in casing sufficiently free of defects to meet their needs for such critical applications. Various nondestructive inspection services have been employed by users to assure that the desired quality of tubing is being run. In view of this practice, it is suggested that the individual user ... 

The major engineering insurance companies are recognized as competent independent inspection authorities having a range of services, which they have developed during many years of service to the engineering industry, and therefore the following inspection procedures indicate many of the standard inspection services in use. However, special inspection procedures are frequently drawn... 

Correct maintenance schedules and procedures Designated certification and test/inspection procedures ... 

GfRS Gesellschaft ftir Ressourcenschutz (2003), Systematic Gap Analysis of the Control System Under Regulation (EEC) No. 2092/91 and Proposals for the Further Development of the Control System and Inspection Procedures in Organic Agriculture, http // w w w. orgprints. org/2495/... 

Process and Equipment Integrity—Among the things to be considered here are reliability engineering, materials of construction, fabrication and inspection procedures, installation procedures, preventive main-tainence, process, hardware and systems inspections and testing (prestartup safety review), maintainence procedures, alarm and instrument management, and demolition procedures. 

The vendor shall specify the optional tests and inspection procedures necessary to ensure that materials are satisfactory for the service. Such tests and inspections shall be listed in the proposal. The purchaser may consider specifying additional tests and inspections, especially for materials used in critical components. 

J) A description of any optional or additional tests and inspection procedures for materials as required by 7.3.4 or... 

With all of the foregoing information on the GLP inspection procedures and the statistical evaluation of the completed inspections, one must stiU ask How have the GLP inspections impacted new drug evaluation ... 

Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuel (Visual Inspection Procedures)... 

Read the question, and then return to the building inspection procedure. The question states that she has met with the building manager and asks what she will do next. The key word is next. According to the question, she has accomplished step 1. Step 2 is to inspect the exits, so choice c is the answer. 

The key word, once again, is next. You have accomplished step 2 and should go on to step 3, the public hallway, which is choice b. Notice that choice c, the roof, does not appear anywhere in the inspection procedure, so it should have been easy to eliminate that choice immediately. 

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