Chromatography papers

For the more advanced student, we have extended the section on Quantitative Semi-micro Analysis, and we have included a section dealing with Special Techniques in Separation and Purification, namely Adsorption Chromatography, Paper Chromatography, and Ion- Exchange Processes. 

Adsorption chromatography is based on the difference in the extent to which substances in solution are adsorbed onto a suitable surface. The main techniques in adsorption chromatography are TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography), paper and column chromatography. 

Paper Chromatography, Paper Partition Chromatography. See under Chromatography In Vol 3, C289-L to C298-L... 

Chromatography Paper ion exchange affinity thin-iayer ... 

The identification of the target colorant is done directly by UV-Vis spectrometry (if the colorant is unique) or by a previous separation from a mixture. The most available techniques are planar chromatography (paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography) and, especially, high performance liquid chromatography... 

FIGURE 2.15 Concentration profiles of Sphenyl-l-pentanol, obtained on Whatman No. 3 chromatography paper with -octane as mobile phase. Concentrations of the analyte solutions in 2-propanol were (a) 0.5, (b) 1.0, (c) 1.5, and (d) 2.0 mol 1" [14,25]. 

A modified technique consisting of an electric field applied perpendicular to a flowing buffer solution and using chromatography paper as support(cross-electrophoresis) has been exploited to study the reaction of neomycin with heparin 9 184. Evidence for the formation of a neomycin-heparin complex was obtained by this means. 

Westendorf, R.G. (1988) Performance of a Third Generation Gyrofocusing Trap for Purge and Trap Gas Chromatography. Paper presented at the 39th Pittsburgh Conference, February 1988, New Orleans, LA. Tekmar Company, P.O. Box 371856, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45222-856. 

Partition chromatography Ion exchange chromatography Paper chromatography Open-column chromatography High-performance liquid chromatography... 

Obtain a 25 X 16-cm piece of Whatman 1 chromatography paper or filter paper. Take precautions to keep the paper clean. Only touch the edges with your fingers, and lay it on a clean paper towel on the bench top. Using a pencil, draw a horizontal line across the paper at a distance of 2.5 cm from one edge, as shown in Figure 16.15. Also draw short vertical lines at 3.5-cm intervals across the horizontal lines, as shown. The intersections of these lines are where the sample spots will be applied. Also label each intersection as shown. 

The anthocyanin profile of the flowers of Vanda (Orchidaceae) was investigated with a similar technique. Flowers (2 kg) were extracted with 101 of methanol-acetic acid-water (9 l 10,v/v) at ambient temperature for 24 h. The extract was purified by column chromatography, paper chromatography, TLC and preparative RP-HPLC. Analytical HPLC was carried out in an ODS column (250 X 4.6 mm, i.d.) at 40°C. Gradient conditions were from 40 per cent to 85 per cent B in 30 min (solvent A 1.5 per cent H3P04 in water solvent B 1.5 per cent H3P04, 20 per cent acetic acid and 25 per cent ACN in water). The flow rate was 1 ml/min and analytes were detected at 530 nm. The chemical structures of acylated anthocyanins present in the flowers are compiled in Table 2.90. The relative concentrations of anthocyanins in the flower extracts are listed in Table 2.91. It can be concluded from the results that the complex separation and identification methods (TLC, HPLC, UV-vis and II NMR spectroscopy, FAB-MS) allow the separation, quantitative determination and identification of anthocyanins in orchid flowers [262],... 

Carefully lower the chromatography papers into the acetone and put the pencil into the notches at the top of the bottle. Cover the top with aluminum foil. Allow the chromatograms to develop for about 35 -0 minutes. 

Cut three pieces of 3-cm wide chromatography paper to a length of about 18 cm. Label the top of each paper with a number. Assign a number to each pigment sample used. Draw pencil lines about 5 cm from the bottom of the end of each paper. 

Mayrsohn, H., and C. Brooks. The Analysis of PAN by Electron Capture Gas-Chromatography. Paper Presented at the Western Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Los Angeles, California, November 18, 1965. 

Carlson, G. L., et al, Rapid Analysis of Boiler Water to ppb Level by Ion Chromatography, . paper 362, Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Cleveland, Ohio (1978). 

Electrophoresis is done on ready-to-use cellulose plates or on chromatography paper (e.g., Whatman No. 3MM, Schleicher and Schuell No. 2040b, Macherey and Nagel MN) of 20 cm length. 

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