High pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Internal reflection spectroscopy is widely applied for on-line process control. In this type of application, the chemical reactor is equipped with an internal reflection probe or an IRE. The goal of this type of application is the quantification of reactant and/or product concentrations to provide real-time information about the conversion within the reactor. In comparison with other analytical methods such as gas chromatography, high-pressure liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy, ATR spectroscopy is considerably faster and does not require withdrawal of sample, which can be detrimental for monitoring of labile compounds and for some other applications. 

Abbreviations DCM, dichloromethane DIC, 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide DIEA, diiso-propylethylamine DMAP, 4-dimethylaminopyridine DMF, IVJV-dimethylformamide ELSD, evaporative light scattering detection HOBt, hydroxybenzotriazole IR, infrared LC/MS, high-pressure liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry NMM, V-methylmorpho-line NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance PyBop, benzotriazol-l-yloxytripyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate SAR, structure-activity relationship TFP, tetrafluorophenol THF, tetrahydrofuran. 

Blum, W., Aichholz, R., Ramstein, P., Kuhnol, J., Bruggen, J., O Reilly, T., andFlorsheimer, A. (2001). In vivo metabolism of epothilone B in tumor-bearing nude mice Identification of three new epothilone B metabolites by capillary high-pressure liquid chromatography/ mass spectrometry/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 15 41-49. 

An example is the amount-of-substance fraction of glycated haemoglobin Ale in total haemoglobin measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [8] and a related BCR certified reference material 405 [9],... 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. In plasma A -THC, detection limit 2.5 ng/ml—J. L. Valentine et al, J. pharm. Sci., 1977, 66,1263-1266. 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. In urine cyclophosphamide, 4-ketocyclophosphamide and carboxyphosphamide, detection limit 10 pg—U. Bahr and H.-R. Schulten, Biomed. Mass Spectrom., 1981, 8, 553-557. 

HPLC-MS—high pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry... 

Eckers, C. Laures, A.M. Giles, K. Major, H. Pringle, S. Evaluating the utihty of ion mobility separation in combination with high-pressure liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to facihtate detection of trace impurities in formulated drug products. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2007, 21,1255-1263. 

Analysis of intact polar lipids by high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/tandem mass spectrometry with use of thermospray or atmospheric pressure ionization... 

Karlsson AA, Michelsen P, Odham G. 1998. Molecular species of sphingomyelin determination by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with electrospray and high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. J Mass Spectrom 33 1192. 

A. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry Weidolf and Covey [121] described the application of the ionspray interface for liquid chromatography and atmospheric-pressure ionization mass spectrometry to samples obtained in a study on the metabolism of... 

Remane D, Meyer MR, Wissenbach DK, Maurer HH (2010) Ion suppression and enhancement effects of co-eluting analytes in multi-analyte approaches systematic investigation using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization or electrospray ionization. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 24(21) 3103— 3108. doi 10.1002/rcm.4736... 

Many approaches have been used to form ions, both in high-vacuum and near-atmospheric pressure conditions. Electron ionization (El) and chemical ionization (Cl) are ionization techniques used when gas phase molecules can be introduced directly into the analyzer from a gas chromatograph. In other analyses, such as high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS),... 

Salm P, Taylor PJ, Rooney F (2008) A high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method using a novel atmospheric pressure chemical ionization approach for the rapid simultaneous measurement of tacrolimus and cyclosporin in whole blood. Ther Drug Monit 30 292-300... 

Razzazi-FazeU, E., Kleineisen, S. and Luf, W., Determination of cholesterol oxides in processed food using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation. J. Chromatogr. A, 896, 321-334 (2000). 

GD/IRMS. glow discharge isotope ratio mass spectrometry HPLC. high-pressure liquid chromatography... 

Bijlsma L, Sancho JV, Pitarch E, Ibanez M, Hernandez F (2009) Simultaneous ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of amphetamine and amphetamine-like stimulants, cocaine and its metabolites, and a cannabis metabolite in surface water and urban wastewater. J Chromatogr A 1216(15) 3078-3089... 

Castiglioni S, Bagnati R, Calamari D, Fanelli R, Zuccato E (2005) A multiresidue analytical method using solid-phase extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to measure pharmaceuticals of different therapeutic classes in urban waste-waters. J Chromatogr A 1092 206-215... 

The introduction and eventual commercialization of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray (ESI) allowed biomarker status to be extended to proteins in 1996.15"17 With a few exceptions, ESI has been used in conjunction with extractions and high-pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) interfaced with mass spectrometry. MALDI, on the other hand, has been widely adapted for rapid analysis of intact organisms, supported by bioinformatics.1819... 

Henchiz Y. Guillarme D. Martel S. Rudaz S. Veuthey J-L. Carrupt P-A. Fast log P determination by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with UV and mass spectrometry detections. Analytical andBioanalytical Chemistry, 2009, 394, 1919-1630. 

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