Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell

Deguchi, Y., Negoro, S., Kishimoto, S. (1988). Age-related changes of heat shock protein gene transcription in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 157, 580-584. 

Wetzel MA, Steele AD, Eisenstein TK, Adler MW, Henderson EE, Rogers TJ (2000) Mu-opioid induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, RANTES, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Immunol 165 6519-6524 Widmer U, Manogue KR, Cerami A, Sherry B (1993) Genomic cloning and promoter analysis of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta, members of the chemokine superfamily of proinflammatory cytokines. J Immunol 150 4996-5012 Ye RD (2001) Regulation of nuclear factor kappaB activation by G-protein-coupled receptors. [Review] [136 refs]. J Leukoc Biol 70 839-848... 

Chao CC, Molitor TW, Close K, Hu S, Peterson PK (1993) Morphine inhibits the release of tumor necrosis factor in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. Int J Immunopharmacol 15 447 53... 

Peterson PK, Sharp BM, Gekker G, Jackson B, Balfour HH Jr (1991) Opiates, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and HIV. Adv Exp Med Biol 288 171-178 Peterson PK, Gekker G, Schut R, Hu S, Balfour HH Jr, Chao CC (1993) Enhancement of HlV-1 replication by opiates and cocaine the cytokine connection. Adv Exp Med Biol 335 181-188 Peterson PK, Gekker G, Hu S, Sheng WS, Molitor TW, Chao CC (1995) Morphine stimulates phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human microglial cells involvement of a G protein-coupled opiate receptor. Adv Neuroimmunol 5 299-309 Peterson PK, Molitor TW, Chao CC (1998) The opioid-cytokine connection. J Neuroimmunol 83 63-69... 

Studies have demonstrated that one such method is to examine the effects of disinfectants on endogenous RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (i.e. reverse transcriptase) activity. In essence, HIV is an RNA virus after it enters a cell the RNA is converted to DNA under the influence of reverse transcriptase. The virus induces a cytopathic effect on T lymphocytes, and in the assay reverse transcriptase activity is determined after exposure to different concentrations of various disinfectants. However, it has been suggested that monitoring residual viral reverse transcriptase activity is not a satisfactory alternative to tests whereby infectious HIV can be detected in systems employing fresh human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 

Jyonouchi, H., Sun, S., and Gross, M., Effect of carotenoids on in vitro immunoglobulin production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells astaxanthin, a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, enhances in vitro immunoglobulin production in response to a T-dependent stimulant and antigen, Nutr. Cancer, 23, 171, 1994. 

Kishimoto T, Oguri T, Ueda D, Tada M. 1996. Methylmercury modulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 mRNA expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Hum Cell 9 371-374. 

Lu Z, Zhang R, Diasio RB. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver population characteristics, newly identified deficient patients, and clinical implication in 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Cancer Res 1993 53 5433-5438. 

Systemic targeting of pDNA and siRNA polyplexes has been demonstrated in several animal models. In continuation of the work with localized antiproliferative and immunostimulatory poly(I C) RNA, intravenous systemic delivery of EGER-targeted PEG-modified polyplexes were successfully used for human carcinoma treatment in mice [225]. The therapeutic effect was most pronounced when intravenous delivery of poly(I C) polyplexes was followed by intraperitoneal injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells [226]. This induced the complete cure of SCID mice with pre-established disseminated EGFR-overexpressing tumors, without adverse toxic effects. Due to the chemokines produced by the internalized poly (I C) in the tumor cells, the immune cells home to the tumors of the treated animal and contribute to the tumor destruction. 

Mounho, B.J., Davila, D.R., and Burchiel, S.W., Characterization of intracellular calcium responses produced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface marker-defined human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 145, 323, 1997. 

In vitro TGN1412 caused a profound, polyclonal T-cell proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including those from patients with BCLL. It also induced a profound activation and proliferation of T-cell subsets including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, naive and memory T cells, and regulatory T cells. TGN1412 was shown to induce a transient, well tolerated expansion of T cells in nonhuman primates treated with TGN1412 and efficacy was demonstrated in a rhesus monkey collagen-induced arthritis model. 

Pisa, E.K. et al., OKT3-induced cytokine mRNA expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells measured by polymerase chain reaction, ScandL J. Immunol., 36, 745, 1992. 

Peterson, P.K. et al., Morphine promotes the growth of HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cocultures, AIDS, 4, 869, 1990. 

Rininger, J.A. et al., Immunopharmacological activity of Echinacea preparations following simulated digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, J Leukoc Biol, 68, 503, 2000. 

Guo, T.L., Mudzinski, S.P. and Lawrence, D.A., The heavy metal lead modulates the expression of both TNF-a and TNF-a receptors in lipopolysaccharide-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, J. Leuk. Biol. 59, 932, 1996. 

Sabharwal, P. et al., Prolactin synthesized and secreted by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells An autocrine growth factor for lymphoproliferation, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 89, 7713, 1992. 

Varma, S. et al., Growth hormone secretion by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells detected by an enzyme-linked immunoplaque assay, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 76, 49, 1993. 

Chao, C.C. et al., Morphine potentiates transforming growth factor-beta release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures, J. Pharmaco.l Exp. Ther., 262, 19, 1992. 

Bagasra, O. and Pomerantz, R.J., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of cocaine, J. Infect. Dis., 168, 1157, 1993. 

Recently, it has been found that NO donors inhibit HIV-1 replication in acutely infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and have an additive inhibitory effect on HIV-1 replication in combination with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymisylate (AZT) [139, 140]. S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs) inhibit HIV-1 replication at a step in the viral replicative cycle after reverse transcription, but before or during viral protein expression through a cGMP-independent mechanism. In the latently infected U1 cell line, NO donors and intracellular NO production stimulate HIV-1 reactivation. These studies suggest that NO both inhibits HIV-1 replication in acutely infected cells and stimulates HIV-1 reactivation in chronically infected cells. Thus, NO donors may be useful in the treatment of HIV-1 disease by inhibiting acute infection, or reactivating a latent virus. 

For other efflux transporters such as BCRP (ABCG2), human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data are currently rare. However, an investigation of the influence of polymorphisms in ABC-transporter genes on the accumulation of nelfinavir in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) revealed no associations between the polymorphisms in the transporters analyzed and the accumulation of nelfinavir in the PBMCs [151], A second study in patients clearly demonstrated an increase in the AUC of the orally and intravenously administered BCRP substrate topotecan when it is given with GF120918, an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein and BCRP [152],... 

HIV is present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the major source of transmitted virus. Titers, however, are quite low, about 10,000 infectious doses per ml of blood, so that the blood is less infectious than in hepatitis B virus infections. The amount present tends to fall after seroconversion and rises again during development of AIDS-related complex and AIDS. Smaller amounts of virus are also present in semen and saliva, and probably even smaller amounts in colostrum, the human cervix, and tears. Infection is reported in CD4 positive submucosal cells in the rectum and large bowel and could be a route of entry in homosexuals. 

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