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Volatile organic compounds volatility

Pollution associated with petroleum refining typically includes volatile organic compounds (volatile organic compounds), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur oxides (SO c), nitrogen oxides (NO ), particulates, ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), metals, spent acids, and numerous toxic organic compounds (Hydrocarbon Processing, 2003). Sulfur and metals result from the impurities in crude oil. The other wastes represent losses of feedstock and petroleum products. [Pg.305]

Assume that we don t have the option of modifying the chemical process. Let s further assume that our pollutant is a volatile organic compound. Volatile organics are often used as solvents in chemical processes, although much of the air pollution by volatile organics comes from oil-based paints and fugitive fumes at automotive service stations. Common pollutants are benzene, xylenes, methanol, and acetone. [Pg.141]

Type of pollutant Weight % of volatile organic compounds contained In exhaust gas Relative risk factor... [Pg.261]

The ethereal extracts are then united, dried with a suitable drying agent and filtered. The filtrate is then cautiously distilled, the ether being first distilled and finally the organic compound if volatile if the compound is solid, the crude residue is purified by recrystallisation. Very great care must be taken on all occasions when ether is distilled because of the risk of fire or of an explosion full experimental details for this operation are given, both on p. 8o (Preparation of Ether) and on p. 164 (Pre-... [Pg.35]

Lassaigne s test is obviously a test also for carbon in the presence of nitrogen. It can be used therefore to detect nitrogen in carbon-free inorganic compounds, e.g., complex nitrites, amino-sulphonic acid derivatives, etc., but such compounds must before fusion with sodium be mixed with some non-volatile nitrogen-free organic compound such as starch... [Pg.323]

The Lassaigne procedure for detecting nitrogen in organic compounds frequently gives unsatisfactory results with explosive compounds (diazonium salts, polynitro compounds and the like) and with certain volatile nitrogenous substances, such as bases, their acyl derivatives or their salts. These difficulties... [Pg.1043]

Separations based upon differences in the physical properties of the components. When procedures (1) or (2) are unsatisfactory for the separation of a mixture of organic compounds, purely physical methods may be employed. Thus a mixture of volatile liquids may be fractionally distilled (compare Sections 11,15 and 11,17) the degree of separation may be determined by the range of boiling points and/or the refractive indices and densities of the different fractions that are collected. A mixture of non-volatile sohds may frequently be separated by making use of the differences in solubilities in inert solvents the separation is usually controlled by m.p. determinations. Sometimes one of the components of the mixture is volatile and can be separated by sublimation (see Section 11,45). [Pg.1092]

When thermal or chemical energy is used to remove a volatile species, we call the method volatilization gravimetry. In determining the moisture content of food, thermal energy vaporizes the H2O. The amount of carbon in an organic compound may be determined by using the chemical energy of combustion to convert C to CO2. [Pg.234]

This experiment provides an alternative approach to measuring the partition coefficient (Henry s law constant) for volatile organic compounds in water. A OV-101 packed column and flame ionization detector are used. [Pg.611]

To satisfy the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (1977) and its amendment for hazardous and solid waste (1984), the 80(K) Series Methods have been designed to analyze solid waste, soUs, and groundwater. In particular, methods 8240/8260 require the use of a purge-and-trap device in conjunction with packed or capillary GC/MS, respectively, for the analysis of purgeable organic compounds. Methods 8250/8270 concern analyses for the less-volatile bases, neutrals, and acids by GC/MS after extraction from the matrix by an organic solvent. [Pg.296]

At normal pressures (around atmospheric) and up to about 250°C (approaching the limit of thermal stability for most organic compounds), a volatile substance can be defined as one that can be vaporized by heat between ambient temperature (10 to 30°C) and 200 to 250°C. All other substances are nonvolatile. [Pg.413]

Microbial processes can also detoxify mercury ions and organic compounds by reducing the mercury to the elemental form, which is volatile (86). This certainly reduces the environmental impact of compounds such as methylmercury, however, such a bioprocess would have to include a mercury capture system before it could be exploited on a large scale with pubHc support. [Pg.37]

The removal of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from air is most often accompHshed by TSA. Air streams needing treatment can be found in most chemical and manufacturing plants, especially those using solvents. At concentrations from 500 to 15,000 ppm, recovery of the VOC from steam used to regenerate activated carbon adsorbent thermally is economically justified. Concentrations above 15,000 ppm ate typically in the explosive range and... [Pg.280]

Automated analyzers may be used for continuous monitoring of ambient poUutants and EPA has developed continuous procedures (23) as alternatives to the referenced methods. Eor source sampling, EPA has specified extractive sampling trains and analytical methods for poUutants such as SO2 and SO [7446-11-9] sulfuric acid [7664-93-9] mists, NO, mercury [7439-97-6], beryUium [7440-41-7], vinyl chloride, and VOCs (volatile organic compounds). Some EPA New Source Performance Standards requite continuous monitors on specified sources. [Pg.384]

Condensation. Control or reduction of volatile gases and vapors by condensation is most feasible for organic compounds (49,55). [Pg.389]

Fig. 2. Overall schematic of solid fuel combustion (1). Reaction sequence is A, heating and drying B, solid particle pyrolysis C, oxidation and D, post-combustion. In the oxidation sequence, left and center comprise the gas-phase region, tight is the gas—solids region. Noncondensible volatiles include CO, CO2, CH4, NH, H2O condensible volatiles are C-6—C-20 compounds oxidation products are CO2, H2O, O2, N2, NO, gaseous organic compounds are CO, hydrocarbons, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulates are inerts, condensation products, and solid carbon products. Fig. 2. Overall schematic of solid fuel combustion (1). Reaction sequence is A, heating and drying B, solid particle pyrolysis C, oxidation and D, post-combustion. In the oxidation sequence, left and center comprise the gas-phase region, tight is the gas—solids region. Noncondensible volatiles include CO, CO2, CH4, NH, H2O condensible volatiles are C-6—C-20 compounds oxidation products are CO2, H2O, O2, N2, NO, gaseous organic compounds are CO, hydrocarbons, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulates are inerts, condensation products, and solid carbon products.

See other pages where Volatile organic compounds volatility is mentioned: [Pg.169]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.163]    [Pg.167]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.1911]    [Pg.2789]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.324]    [Pg.324]    [Pg.479]    [Pg.165]    [Pg.196]    [Pg.196]    [Pg.214]    [Pg.255]    [Pg.710]    [Pg.296]    [Pg.1060]    [Pg.1060]    [Pg.1060]    [Pg.254]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.366]    [Pg.372]    [Pg.387]    [Pg.389]    [Pg.124]    [Pg.137]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.453]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.461]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.10 , Pg.127 , Pg.128 , Pg.136 ]




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ARGOT SCHEITHAUER 1 Definition solvent and volatile organic compounds (VOC)

Abatement of Volatile Organic Compounds Some Industrial Applications

Activated carbons volatile organic compounds removal using

Adsorption volatile organic compound analysis

Aldehydes volatile organic compounds

Biogenic volatile organic compounds

Biogenic volatile organic compounds BVOC)

Biogenic volatile organic compounds BVOCs)

Blood volatile organic compounds

Carpets volatile organic compounds

Chemical sensors volatile organic compounds

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds

Coatings volatile organic compounds

Complete Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds

Contamination by volatile organic compounds

Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds Enrichment and Analysis

Dissolved volatile halogenated organic compounds

Emission volatile organic compounds

Emissions of volatile organic compounds

Environmental influences volatile organic compounds

GC-MS of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Purge and Trap Extraction

Gases volatile organic compounds

Government volatile organic compounds

Hydrocarbons volatile organic compounds

MAGIC 60-Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds

Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Membrane reactors volatile organic compounds

Microbial volatile organic compounds

Noble volatile organic compounds

Non volatile organic compounds

Non-methane volatile organic compounds

Non-methane volatile organic compounds NMVOC)

Nonmethane volatile organic compound

Of volatile organic compounds

Of volatile organic sulfur compounds

Organic compounds highly volatile halogenated hydrocarbons

Organic mercury compounds, volatility

Oxidation catalysts volatile organic compounds

Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds

Oxidation volatile organic compounds

Oxygenated volatile organic compounds

Oxygenated volatile organic compounds OVOCs)

Ozone depletion volatile organic compounds regulation

Ozone volatile organic compounds

Paint/painting volatile organic compounds

Palladium volatile organic compounds

Permeation of gases, water vapor and volatile organic compounds

Plasma Catalysis for Volatile Organic Compounds Abatement

Platinum volatile organic compounds

Pollutants Semi Volatile Organic Compounds

Pollutants Very Volatile Organic Compounds

Pollution control volatile organic compounds

Precursor Volatile Organic Compounds

Primary volatile organic compounds

Primary volatile organic compounds VOCs)

Purge-and-Trap Analysis for Volatile Organic Compounds

Quantification limit, volatile organic compounds

Recovery of Volatile Organic Compounds

Reduction of volatile organic compound

Removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

Sample preparation volatile organic compound

Seaweeds volatile organic compounds

Semi-volatile organic compounds

Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC

Semi-volatile organic compounds SVOCs)

Separation techniques volatile organic compound

Signatures, volatile organic compounds

Soil pollution volatile organic compounds

Solvents volatile organic compounds

Stripping operation volatile organic compound

Subject volatile organic compounds

The Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrocarbon Volatile Organic Compounds

The Total Volatile Organic Compounds Concept

Time-Resolved Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds

Total volatile organic compound (TVOC

Toxic volatile organic compounds, determination

VOLATILE ORGANIC

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) EMISSIONS CONTROL

Vertical VOCs, volatile organic compounds

Volatile Organic Compound Perovskite oxides

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Contamination

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Food

Volatile Organic Compounds control measures

Volatile Organic Compounds health effects

Volatile Organic Compounds in Buildings

Volatile Organic Compounds in Other Environments

Volatile compounds

Volatile compounds organics, extraction from

Volatile halogenated organic compounds

Volatile organic carbon compounds

Volatile organic chemicals/compounds

Volatile organic compound abatement

Volatile organic compound barrier

Volatile organic compound components

Volatile organic compound content, VOC

Volatile organic compound design problem

Volatile organic compound rate constant with

Volatile organic compound sampling

Volatile organic compounds

Volatile organic compounds

Volatile organic compounds (VOC

Volatile organic compounds , role

Volatile organic compounds 286 INDEX

Volatile organic compounds : VOC concentrations

Volatile organic compounds Sick Building Syndrome

Volatile organic compounds VOCs)

Volatile organic compounds VOCs) oxidation

Volatile organic compounds adsorption/removal

Volatile organic compounds aeration

Volatile organic compounds analysis

Volatile organic compounds approach

Volatile organic compounds atmosphere

Volatile organic compounds benzene

Volatile organic compounds catalytic oxidation

Volatile organic compounds chemical manufacturing release

Volatile organic compounds chromatographic measurement

Volatile organic compounds classification

Volatile organic compounds coatings industry regulation

Volatile organic compounds combustion

Volatile organic compounds control

Volatile organic compounds control technics

Volatile organic compounds determination

Volatile organic compounds dynamic headspace

Volatile organic compounds emission reduction

Volatile organic compounds emissions data

Volatile organic compounds ethanol

Volatile organic compounds extraction

Volatile organic compounds fates

Volatile organic compounds headspace

Volatile organic compounds headspace sampling

Volatile organic compounds in air

Volatile organic compounds in breath

Volatile organic compounds indoor air

Volatile organic compounds limits

Volatile organic compounds long-range transport

Volatile organic compounds matrix effect

Volatile organic compounds media

Volatile organic compounds miscibility

Volatile organic compounds operating experience

Volatile organic compounds oxidation reactions

Volatile organic compounds partition coefficient

Volatile organic compounds passive sampling

Volatile organic compounds pervaporation

Volatile organic compounds polarities

Volatile organic compounds possible sources

Volatile organic compounds recovery using membranes

Volatile organic compounds regulation

Volatile organic compounds removal from aqueous solutions

Volatile organic compounds removal processes

Volatile organic compounds removing

Volatile organic compounds respiratory irritants

Volatile organic compounds retention times

Volatile organic compounds s

Volatile organic compounds sample handling

Volatile organic compounds sampler

Volatile organic compounds sampling methods

Volatile organic compounds sources

Volatile organic compounds thermal oxidation

Volatile organic compounds toluene

Volatile organic compounds waterborne paints

Volatile organic compounds, atmospheric

Volatile organic compounds, atmospheric importance

Volatile organic compounds, cancer risk

Volatile organic compounds, detection

Volatile organic compounds, doped

Volatile organic compounds, groundwater

Volatile organic compounds, groundwater contamination problem

Volatile organic compounds, passive

Volatile organic selenium compounds

Volatile organic sulfur compounds

Volatile organic sulphur compounds

Volatile organic tellurium compound

Volatility organics

Volatility, organic compounds

Volatility, organic compounds

Volatilization of Organic and Inorganic Compounds

Volatilization of organic compounds

Volatilization organic compounds

Volatilization organic compounds

Zeolites volatile organic compounds

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