Volatile organic compounds coatings

Nltropropane. As much as 9100 t of 2-nitropropane once were consumed for use in coatings annually. Concern about toxicity and a general movement to low volatile organic compound (VOC) coatings have resulted in almost the complete disappearance of this use for 2-nitropropane. However, derivatives such as 2-meth5l-2-nitro-l-propanol (used in tire cord adhesive) and 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol (a pigment dispersant and buffer), have served as an outlet for 2-nitropropane production. 

J. J. Brezinski, Manual on the Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Paints, Inks, and Belated Coating Products, 2nd ed., ASTM Manual Series, MNL4, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa., 1992. 

Growing concerns over solvent costs and atmospheric poUution from solvent-home coatings necessitate low volatile organic compounds (VOC)... 

Other. Numerous other supercritical fluid processes and techniques have been and are continuing to be developed. The novel spray appHcation UNICARB uses supercritical CO2 to replace volatile diluents in coating formulations, thereby reducing the volatile organic compound emissions by up to 80% (128). Rapid expansion of CO2 iu the spray can also improve the quaUty of coatings, thus performance benefits are obtained in a process developed for environmental advantages. 

The copolymers are insoluble in water unless they are neutralized to some extent with base. They are soluble, however, in various ratios of alcohol and water, suggesting appHcations where deUvery from hydroalcohoHc solutions (149) but subsequent insolubiUty in water is desired, such as in low volatile organic compound (VOC) hair-fixative formulations or tablet coatings. Unneutralized, their Ts are higher than expected, indicating interchain hydrogen bonding (150). 

Solvent Recovery. Most of the activated carbon used in gas-phase applications is employed to prevent the release of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. Much of this use has been in response to environmental regulations, but recovery and recycling of solvents from a range of industrial processes such as printing, coating, and extmsion of fibers also provides substantial economic benefits. 

Many components of ships and marine stmctures are now coated in the shop under controlled conditions to reduce the amount of solvents released into the atmosphere, improve the quaUty of work, and reduce cost. Regulations designed to limit the release of volatile organic compounds into the air confine methods of shop apphcation to those having transfer efficiencies of 65%. Transfer efficiency is defined as the percent of the mass or volume of sohd coating that is actually deposited on the item being coated, and is calculated as... 

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Outgassing of building materials, coatings, wall and floor coverings, and furnishings... 

The principal air pollutants are particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These are released from mixing and coating operations. Pollution prevention practices generally employed to reduce air emissions include ... 

Numerous alternatives to low-solid, solvent-based coatings traditionally used by, e.g., the wood furniture industry are shown in Table 5.58 with the estimated reduction in volatile organic compound emissions. 

Liquid coating materials with low organic solvent content should be used to minimize the amount of volatile organic compounds that will be volatized and to reduce the volume of solid and liquid hazardous waste created. 

Toluene is used as a solvent for the application of surface coatings. The solvents evaporate as a result of the application, creating a problem with for the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The legislative framework for the emission of VOCs requires that the mass load of VOC emissions allowed to be released to atmosphere should be less than 60%... 

The purpose of work described here is to develop a coating which can be used on naval vessels for touch up purposes while a ship is underway. Radiation curable coatings are of special interest because of the extremely low level of volatile organic compounds emitted during curing. To be useful the coating should be Navy gray and suitable for application to cold surfaces. When used in confined spaces a further limitation is that the application should not produce ozone and for some Naval applications mercury is not... 

Existing European legislation to reduce volatile organic compound(VOC) emissions is briefly reviewed and the political and technical reasons why further VOC reductions will be requested in the future are examined. The new European legislation relating to the reduction of VOC in decorative paints is discussed in detail and its consequences for coating manufacturers and their customers are considered. 

The effect of the UK legislation on solvent emissions on manufacture of coatings is discussed. Two choices are available for volatile organic compound emission control, i.e. either to maintain the total of all captured emissions plus uncaptured emissions below a specified percentage of the input solvents, or to maintain just the captured emissions below a specified percentage of the input solvents and to meet a specified concentration emission limit on all captured emissions. The use of a mass balance for compliance demonstration is described, together with the approach used by the British Coatings Federation (as published in The VOC Workbook). 

The effect of environmental concerns on future developments in the paint industry is discussed. Particular attention is paid to volatile organic compound regulations, developments in powder coatings, and radiation-curable coatings. Tabulated information is presented on applications, backbone type and typical mechanical properties of Incorez W830 series PU dispersions and Incorez W2000 series uiethane/aciylic hybrids. 10 refs. EUROPEAN COMMUNITY EUROPEAN UNION UK WESTERN EUROPE... 

An examination is made of a European Union directive aimed at limiting emissions of volatile organic compounds arising from the industrial use of organic solvents. Proposed emission limits applicable to the use of solvents in coatings, inks and adhesives manufacture, adhesive bonding and rubber processing are presented. 

At least one study has compared vemonia oil to partially epoxidized soybean and linseed oils, to investigate claims that vemonia oil is advantaged due to inherently lower viscosity. Authors conclude that partially epoxidized soybean and linseed oils have viscosity and reactivity that are similar to vemonia oil in formulated coating systems, and provide improvements to viscosity, content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and curing time in alkyd coatings when compared to conventional formulations and formulations containing fully epoxidized soybean oil [116]. 

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