Pollutants Semi Volatile Organic Compounds

There are six primary in-plant control methods for removal of priority pollutants and pesticides in pesticide manufacturing plants. These methods include steam-stripping, activated carbon adsorption, chemical oxidation, resin adsorption, hydrolysis, and heavy metals separation. Steam-stripping can remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) activated carbon can remove semi volatile organic compounds and many pesticides and resin adsorption, chemical oxidation, and hydrolysis can treat selected pesticides [7]. Heavy metals separation can reduce toxicity to downstream biological treatment systems. Discussion of each of these methods follows. 

There has been sustained interest in the development of analytical methods for realtime monitoring of environmental pollutants in recent years. Semi-volatile organic compounds tend to be adsorbed onto the surface of aerosol particles of respirable sizes and pose potential health hazards. Conventional methods used for the analysis of organic compounds that are present on the surface of aerosol particles are based on particle collection followed by extraction and chromatographic analysis of extracted species [90,91]. These methods require large amounts of sample and long analysis times. 

Cousins IT, Jones KC. 1998. Air-soil exchange of semi-volatile organic compounds (SOCs) in the UK. Environ Pollut 102 105-118. 

Liu, Q. T., M. L. Diamond, S. E. Gingrich, et al. 2003b. Accumulation of metals, trace elements and semi-volatile organic compounds on exterior window surfaces in Baltimore. Environ. Pollution 122(1) 51-61. 

A large majority of air polluting emissions comes from mobile sources. The automobile is an obvious example, but other vehicles, such as semi-trucks, trains, and aircraft also contribute. Emissions from mobile sources include CO2, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NO, and particulates. The latter may also have heavy metals, such as lead or mercury, or hazardous organics attached. Stationary sources typically burn or produce fossil fuels - coal, gasolines, and natural gas. These produce gaseous sulfur compounds (H2S, SO2, etc.), nitrogen oxides (NOJ, CO2, and particulates. Fuel producers and distributors also typically produce VOCs. 

GC/GC-MS Extraction of organic compounds from the leachate is performed according to EPA methods 1624 and 1625 (GC-MS Methods for Analysis of the Volatile and Semi-volatile Organic Priority Pollutants, [265,307,310]) and the protocol developed by Kassim [ 1 ] and Kassim and Simoneit [2]. An extraction protocol, developed by Kassim [1] and revised by Kassim and... 

Reddy CM, Xu L, Eglinton TI, Boon JP, Faulkner DJ (2002) Radiocarbon Content of Synthetic and Natural Semi-Volatile Halogenated Organic Compounds. Environ Pollut 120 163... 

Accelerated solvent extraction is a new technique for the extraction of a range of organic pollutants from soils and related material. The technique is based on the use of a solvent or combination of solvents to extract organic pollutants at elevated pressure and temperature from a solid matrix. The range of organic pollutants for which the technique is proposed includes semi volatile compounds, organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorous pesticides, chlorinated herbicides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [66-69]. 

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