Reduction of volatile organic compound

Reduction of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions During Spray Painting Green processing using ionic liquids and CO2... 

ISO ISO DIS 16000-24 Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds without formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building materials ... 

Reduction of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emissions to the atmosphere. 

The 1990 Clean Air Act requires the reduction of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. All VOC emission sources of 10 tons/year or greater are required to retrofit abatement processes using the best available control technology (BACT). 

The 1989 adoption of the Montreal Protocol imparted far-reaching changes to electronic manufacturing. In the circuit board assembly arena, it drove the elimination of chloroflnoro-carbons and the reduction of volatile organic compounds for earth s ozone layer preservation. Many fluxes that used volatile organics such as alcohols were reformulated to use water as their solvent. Solvent-clean fluxes, which required non-aqueous cleaning chemicals (alcohols, chlorofluorocarbons [CFCs], hydochlorofluorocarbons [HCFCs], etc.), were practically eliminated from the marketplace. 

Reductions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are ozone-forming constituents, must only be met in the summertime. However, the emission requirements for air toxics applies year-round. The definition of air toxics includes benzene, 1,3 butadiene, polycyclic organic matter (POM), formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. 

In the United States, the reportable quantity of 1-propanol for spills under CERCLA "Superfund" is 100 Ib/d (45.4 kg/d). However, no reportable quantity is assigned for transport (43). The substance is on the list for atmospheric standards, as defined iu 40 CER 60.489 (47). The iatent of these standards is to require all newly constmcted, modified, and reconstmcted manufacturiug units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of volatile organic compounds (47). 1-Propanol is also on the right-to-know regulations of the states of Connecticut,... 

It was not nndl the 1950s that detonation flame arresters made of crimped metal ribbon elements were developed and began to be used more freqnendy (Binks 1999). The major impetus for die use of crimped metal ribbon detonation flame arresters in the US was the enactment of clean air legislation (Clean Air Act of 1990) which inadvertently created a safety problem by requiring reductions in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. To do this, manifolded vent systems (vapor collection systems) were increasingly installed in many chemical process industry plants which captured VOC vapors and transported them to suitable recovery, recycle, or destruction systems. This emission control requirement has led to the introdnction of ignition risks, for example, from a flare or via spontaneous combustion of an activated carbon adsorber bed. Multiple... 

An examination is made of the provisions of European Union directive 1999/13/CE covering the reduction and control of emissions of volatile organic compounds arising from the use of organic solvents. 

It is fair to state that by and large the most important application of structured reactors is in environmental catalysis. The major applications are in automotive emission reduction. For diesel exhaust gases a complication is that it is overall oxidizing and contains soot. The three-way catalyst does not work under the conditions of the diesel exhaust gas. The cleaning of exhaust gas from stationary sources is also done in structured catalytic reactors. Important areas are reduction of NOv from power plants and the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Structured reactors also suggest themselves in synthesis gas production, for instance, in catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) of methane. 

Three commercial processes, namely the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) for purification of industrial exhaust gases, SO2 oxidation for sulfuric acid production, and NO reduction by ammonia, have employed the periodic flow reversal concept. 

The reverse-flow chemical reactor (RFR) has been shown to be a potentially effective technique for many industrial chemical processes, including oxidation of volatile organic compounds such as propane, propylene, and carbon monoxide removal of nitrogen oxides sulfur dioxide oxidation or reduction production of synthesis gas methanol formation and ethylbenzene dehydration into styrene. An excellent introductory article in the topic is given by Eigenberger and Nieken on the effect of the kinetic reaction parameters, reactor size, and operating parameters on RFR performance. A detailed review that summarizes the applications and theory of RFR operation is given by Matros and Bunimovich. 

Examples of environmental catalytic issues are selective catalytie reduction (SCR) of NO, removal of volatile organic compounds (VOC) decomposition of NO oxidation of CO from exhaust gas. SCR is now in a mature state. Several reviews have been published recently. 

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