Partition, coefficient

Elution volume, exclusion chromatography Flow rate, column Gas/liquid volume ratio Inner column volume Interstitial (outer) volume Kovats retention indices Matrix volume Net retention volume Obstruction factor Packing uniformity factor Particle diameter Partition coefficient Partition ratio Peak asymmetry factor Peak resolution Plate height Plate number Porosity, column Pressure, column inlet Presure, column outlet Pressure drop... 

Partition coefficients Partition ratio Parts Parure... 

Bocek K. 1976. Relationships among activity coefficients, partition coefficients and solubilities. In Tichy M, ed. Quantitative structure-activity relationships. Basel and Stuttgart Birkhauser Verlag, 231-240. 

Wasik, S.P., Schwarz, F.P., Tewari. Y.B., and Miller, M.M. A head-space method for measuring activity coefficients, partition coefficients, and solubilities of hydrocarbons in saline solutions. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand., 89(3) 273-277, 1984. 

Using PCA, Cramer found that more than 95% of the variances in six physical properties (activity coefficient, partition coefficient, boiling point, molar refractivity, molar volume, and molar vaporization enthalpy) of 114 pure liquids can be explained in terms of only two parameters which are characteristic of the solvent molecule (Cramer 111, 1980). These two factors are correlated to the molecular bulk and cohesiveness of the individual solvent molecules, the interaction of which depends mainly upon nonspecific, weak intermolecular forces. 

Partition Coefficient. Partition coefficients of the TFMS herbicides in both the presence and absence of surfactant were determined between 1-octanol and pH 1.0 water (made acid by addition of HC104) by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The absorption spectrum of Tween 80 did not interfere with the spectra of the sulfonanilides (6). 

The oil solubility of an anaesthetic is of interest, not only because it governs the passage of the anaesthetic into and out of the fat depots of the body, but also because there is a well-established correlation between anaesthetic potency and oil solubility. Figure 2.10 shows a linear inverse relationship between log narcotic concentration and log solubility in oleyl alcohol for a series of common anaesthetic gases. The ordinate of the graph represents the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), which is that concentration of anaesthetic at which 50% of the patients cease to move in response to a stimulus. The abscissa shows the solubility expressed in terms of the oil/gas partition coefficient. Partition coefficients are widely used to express solubility and are the ratios of the concentration of the gas in the two phases in equilibrium at a given temperature. When, as in this case, one of the phases is the gas itself, the partition coefficient expressed as the liquid/gas (note the order of the phases) concentration ratio is equal to the... 

In liquid-liquid extraction, a solvent is added to a liquid matrix (feed) to remove selectively transition components by the formation of two coexisting, immiscible liquid phases. The selected solvent (receiver phase) must be capable of preferentially dissolving the solutes to be extracted and be either immiscible or only partly miscible with the carrier (release phase). This process is, therefore, based on the different affinities of the solute distributing between the two coexisting liquid phases. Of the two phases, the solvent-rich solution containing the extracted solute is the extract and the solvent-lean, residual feed mixture is the raffinate. In the case of a closed miscibility gap, the correlation of the solute mole fraction in the extract and the raffinate phase is called the distribution coefficient (partition coefficient) K ... 

This leads to the relation that the distribution coefficient (partition coefficient) is only influenced by the activity coefficients for both phases and depends only on pressure, temperature and concentration. The relationship of the Gibbsche excess enthalpy to the activity coefficient was used for a variety of modem calculations (Wilson, UNI-QUAC equations) ... 

A convenient quantitative measure of uptake of a gaseous species by a liquid is the distribution coefficient (partition coefficient), defined as the ratio of the concentration of the respective species in the gas to that in the liquid. If the concentration of the species in the liquid remains low, the distribution coefficient often remains independent of concentration. This is known as Henry s law, and the constant distribution coefficient is called the Henry coefficient, Hx ... 

K K coefficient Partition ratio (unspecified units) Stripping section partition Mass ratio/ Mass ratio/... 

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