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Solution electrolyte solutes

Krumgalz BS, Pogorelsky R, Pitzer KS (1995) Ion interaction approach to calculations of volumetric properties of aqueous multiple-solute electrolyte solutions. J Soln Chem 24 1025-1038... [Pg.234]

Electrolyte effect The dependence of numerical values for equilibrium constants on the ionic strength of the solution. Electrolytes Solute species whose aqueous solutions conduct electricity. [Pg.1108]

This can be confusing, because for the most part, distilled water is all you need to add to maintain the water level in battery cells. This water loss results from normal vehicle operations that cause water in the battery cells to evaporate. What OSHA is referring to in the forklift standard at 29 CFR 1910.178(g)(7) is the initial mixing of sulfuric acid with water to create an electrolyte solution. Electrolyte solution is added to battery cells when the acid level in the cells is so low that a charge cannot be maintained. [Pg.399]

Actual rodlike polymers in solution are influenced by intermolecular attractions of longer range due to van der Waals and electrolyte effects. An attempt to deal with solvent quality is presented below in connection with the Flory theory of rodlike solutions. Electrolyte solutions are considered in Chapter 10. [Pg.114]

Debye-Hiickel theory The activity coefficient of an electrolyte depends markedly upon concentration. Jn dilute solutions, due to the Coulombic forces of attraction and repulsion, the ions tend to surround themselves with an atmosphere of oppositely charged ions. Debye and Hiickel showed that it was possible to explain the abnormal activity coefficients at least for very dilute solutions of electrolytes. [Pg.125]

Fuels which have been used include hydrogen, hydrazine, methanol and ammonia, while oxidants are usually oxygen or air. Electrolytes comprise alkali solutions, molten carbonates, solid oxides, ion-exchange resins, etc. [Pg.183]

The swelling of gels is markedly affected by the presence of electrolytes, this effect being a minimum at the isoelectric point of the material. In general, sulphates, tartrates, etc. inhibit swelling, while iodides and thiocyanates promote the swelling. Thus gelatine disperses completely in iodide solution even at low temperatures. [Pg.382]

The solutions we offer are based on two main technologies electrolytic silver recovery from fixer solutions and cascade fixing. In what follows we will give more teclmical details about these teclmologies. We will clarify the key-factors to obtain reliable and more ecological solutions for the silver in the rinsing water. [Pg.604]

Electrolytic silver recovery is a common technique to desilver fixing solutions. It has been known for decades, although it never really reached a point where it was massively introduced into the industrial radiology market. In the past, the main reasons to implement silver recovery were twofold. [Pg.605]

Derive the equation of state, that is, the relationship between t and a, of the adsorbed film for the case of a surface active electrolyte. Assume that the activity coefficient for the electrolyte is unity, that the solution is dilute enough so that surface tension is a linear function of the concentration of the electrolyte, and that the electrolyte itself (and not some hydrolyzed form) is the surface-adsorbed species. Do this for the case of a strong 1 1 electrolyte and a strong 1 3 electrolyte. [Pg.95]

The discussion focuses on two broad aspects of electrical phenomena at interfaces in the first we determine the consequences of the presence of electrical charges at an interface with an electrolyte solution, and in the second we explore the nature of the potential occurring at phase boundaries. Even within these areas, frequent reference will be made to various specialized treatises dealing with such subjects rather than attempting to cover the general literature. One important application, namely, to the treatment of long-range forces between surfaces, is developed in the next chapter. [Pg.169]

Fig. V-1. Variation of m / o and n /wo with distance for = 51.38 mV and 0.01 M uni-univalent electrolyte solution at 23°C. The areas under the full lines give an excess of 0.90 X 10 mol of anions in a column of solution of 1-cm cross section and a deficiency of 0.32 x 10 mol of cations. There is, correspondingly, a compensating positive surface charge of 1.22 x 10 " mol of electronic charge per cm. The dashed line indicates the effect of recognizing a finite ion size. Fig. V-1. Variation of m / o and n /wo with distance for = 51.38 mV and 0.01 M uni-univalent electrolyte solution at 23°C. The areas under the full lines give an excess of 0.90 X 10 mol of anions in a column of solution of 1-cm cross section and a deficiency of 0.32 x 10 mol of cations. There is, correspondingly, a compensating positive surface charge of 1.22 x 10 " mol of electronic charge per cm. The dashed line indicates the effect of recognizing a finite ion size.
Marmur [12] has presented a guide to the appropriate choice of approximate solution to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (Eq. V-5) for planar surfaces in an asymmetrical electrolyte. The solution to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation around a spherical charged particle is very important to colloid science. Explicit solutions cannot be obtained but there are extensive tabulations, known as the LOW tables [13]. For small values of o, an approximate equation is [9, 14]... [Pg.174]

It has long been known that the form of a curved surface of mercury in contact with an electrolyte solution depends on its state of electrification [108, 109], and the earliest comprehensive investigation of the electrocapillary effect was made by Lippmann in 1875 [110]. A sketch of his apparatus is shown in Fig. V-10. [Pg.192]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.318 , Pg.319 ]




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A further relation essential to the description of electrolyte solutions - electrical neutrality

Activity Coefficient Models for Electrolyte Solutions

Activity coefficient in electrolyte solutions

Activity coefficient of an electrolyte solute

Activity coefficient of electrolyte solutes

Activity electrolyte solution

Activity in electrolyte solutions

Activity in electrolytic solutions

Activity of Real Electrolyte Solutions

Activity of electrolyte solutes

Activity of electrolyte solutions

Adhesion in Electrolyte Solutions

Adhesion in Solutions of Electrolytes

Adsorption from an Electrolyte Solution

Adsorption from electrolyte solution

Adsorption from electrolyte solutions Surface complexation models

Adsorption from electrolyte solutions approaches

Adsorption from electrolyte solutions clays

Adsorption from electrolyte solutions oxide surfaces

Adsorption from electrolyte solutions surface charge

Advantages and Disadvantages of Nonaqueous Electrolyte Solutions

An introduction to Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions. By Margaret Robson Wright

Anodic dissolution fundamentals electrolytic solutions

Application of the KB theory to electrolyte solutions

Applications of Thermodynamics to Solutions Containing Electrolyte Solutes

Aqueous electrolyte solutions ionic motion

Aqueous electrolyte solutions structure

Aqueous solution electrolytic properties

Aqueous solutions diffusion of non-electrolytes

Aqueous solutions of electrolytes

Aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes

Aqueous solutions strong and weak electrolytes

Aqueous solutions strong electrolytes

Aqueous solutions weak electrolytes

Aqueous solutions, electrolytes

Asymmetrical electrolyte solutions

Between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions

Binary electrolyte solution

Capillary electromigration techniques electrolyte solution

Cell configuration with immobilised electrolyte solution

Cells with Interfaces of Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions

Charged Polymer in Contact with an Electrolyte Solution

Chemical Potential of Electrolyte Solute

Chemical Potential of Solvent and Solute in Electrolyte Solution

Chemical equilibrium electrolyte solutes

Chemical models of electrolyte solutions

Colligative properties of electrolyte solutions

Colligative properties of strong electrolyte solutions

Concentrated electrolyte solutions

Concentrated electrolyte solutions thermodynamics

Conductivity electrolyte solution

Conductivity of electrolyte solutions

Conductivity, electrical electrolyte solutions

Conductivity, electrical electrolytic solutions

Copper sulfate solution cell electrolyte

Dielectric constant of the electrolyte solutions

Diffusion in electrolyte solutions

Diffusion of Ionic Species in an Electrolyte Solution

Dilute electrolyte solutions

Dissociation of electrolytes in solutions

Effect of Electrolyte Concentration on Solution Conductivity

Effects electrolyte solutions

Effects of Cationic Species in Electrolyte Solution

Electric Conduction in an Electrolyte Solution

Electric Current and Ohms Law in Electrolyte Solutions

Electric Double-Layer at Interface of Electrode and Electrolyte Solution

Electrical conductance of electrolyte solutions

Electrical conduction, in electrolyte solutions

Electrical conductivity of electrolyte solution

Electrode surfaces electrolyte solution flow rate

Electrolyte Solution Containing Rod-like Divalent Cations

Electrolyte Solution Containing Rod-like Zwitterions

Electrolyte Solution, Anionic Species

Electrolyte Solutions Are Always Non-Ideal

Electrolyte Solutions Dissolved Ionic Solids

Electrolyte Solutions and Historical Concept of Ion-Pairing

Electrolyte Solutions and Solvent Dependency

Electrolyte Solutions, Interfaces, and Geometric Objects

Electrolyte crystal growth from aqueous solution

Electrolyte electrolytic solutions

Electrolyte lavage solution

Electrolyte solutes Gibbs-Duhem integration

Electrolyte solutes activities

Electrolyte solutes activity coefficient

Electrolyte solutes drift velocities

Electrolyte solutes freezing point depression

Electrolyte solutes hydrogen ions

Electrolyte solutes mean ionic activity coefficients

Electrolyte solutes nonvolatile

Electrolyte solutes reactions with

Electrolyte solutes vapor pressure

Electrolyte solution criteria

Electrolyte solution, calculation

Electrolyte solution, polarization

Electrolyte solution, purity

Electrolyte solutions

Electrolyte solutions

Electrolyte solutions - what are they

Electrolyte solutions and the Debye-Hiickel theory

Electrolyte solutions asymmetry

Electrolyte solutions behavior

Electrolyte solutions buffer selection

Electrolyte solutions electrical conduction

Electrolyte solutions electrolysis

Electrolyte solutions fluids)

Electrolyte solutions frictional coefficient

Electrolyte solutions in water

Electrolyte solutions ionic conductivity

Electrolyte solutions model

Electrolyte solutions molar conductivity

Electrolyte solutions nonaqueous

Electrolyte solutions osmotic coefficients

Electrolyte solutions primitive model

Electrolyte solutions properties

Electrolyte solutions system peaks

Electrolyte solutions systems

Electrolyte solutions vapour pressure

Electrolyte solutions, activity coefficient

Electrolyte solutions, activity coefficient chemical potential

Electrolyte solutions, activity coefficient conventions

Electrolyte solutions, activity coefficient definition

Electrolyte solutions, activity coefficient weak electrolytes

Electrolyte solutions, colligative

Electrolyte solutions, colligative properties

Electrolyte solutions, conductance

Electrolyte solutions, conductance fluctuations

Electrolyte solutions, statistical

Electrolyte solutions, statistical mechanics

Electrolyte solutions, thermodynamics

Electrolyte solutions, thermodynamics Debye-Hiickel parameters

Electrolyte solutions, thermodynamics Debye-Huckel parameters

Electrolyte solutions, thermodynamics Pitzer equations

Electrolyte solutions, thermodynamics generalized equations

Electrolyte solutions, thermodynamics thermal properties

Electrolytes Based on Aprotic Nonaqueous Solutions

Electrolytes Electrolyte solutions, colligative

Electrolytes and Solution Conductivity

Electrolytes concentrated solution theory

Electrolytes dilute solution theory

Electrolytes enthalpy of solution

Electrolytes immiscible solutions

Electrolytes in Solution

Electrolytes in aqueous solutions

Electrolytes solution circulation

Electrolytes, solution theory

Electrolytic Refining in Aqueous Solution

Electrolytic cells aqueous ionic solutions, electrolysis

Electrolytic cells aqueous salt solutions, electrolysis

Electrolytic solution

Electrolytic solution

Electrolytic solution pressure

Electrolytic solutions Gibbs energy

Electrolytic solutions electrical conduction

Electrolytic solutions equilibrium

Electrolytic solutions structure

Elution with electrolyte solution

Equilibria and Their Effect on the Permittivity of Electrolyte Solutions

Equilibria in Solutions of Strong Electrolytes

Equilibrium electrolyte solutions

Equilibrium with electrolyte solutions

Equivalent Conductivity of Electrolytes Aqueous Solution

Evidence for non-ideality in electrolyte solutions

Formation of Electrolyte Solutions

Freezing Point Lowering by Electrolytes Aqueous Solution

Freezing Point Lowering by Electrolytes in Aqueous Solution

Halide ions electrolyte solutions

History of Electrolyte Solution Development

Hydrates and electrolyte solutions

ITIES electrolyte solutions

Ideal electrolyte solutes

Infrared spectroscopy of electrolyte solutions

Infrared spectroscopy of non-electrolyte solutions

Interface active carbon-electrolyte solution

Interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions

Interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions ion transfer

Interface electrolyte solutions

Interface of two immiscible electrolyte solutions

Interface semiconductor-electrolyte solution

Ion association in electrolyte solution

Ionic dispersion, aqueous electrolyte solutions

Ionic mobility, electrolyte solutions

Ions in Electrolyte Solutions

Ising criticality aqueous electrolyte solutions

Junction Potential Between Electrolyte Solutions in the Same Solvent

Lignin sulfonates elution with electrolyte solution

Lignin sulfonates with electrolyte solution

Liquid Electrolyte Solutions

Lithium electrolyte solutions

Local composition and preferential solvation in electrolyte solutions

Mixed electrolyte solutions

Modified Poisson-Boltzmann models electrolyte solutions

Multicomponent electrolyte solution

Neutral Polymer in Contact with an Electrolyte Solution

Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions

Non-electrolyte solution

Non-ideality in electrolyte solutions

Of electrolytes in aqueous solutions

Ohmic heating, electrolyte solution

Osmotic Pressure of Electrolyte Solutions

Osmotic pressure electrolyte solutions

Oxygen in electrolyte solutions

Permittivity of electrolyte solutions

Poly electrolyte solutions

Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution

Potential-dependent adsorption equilibrium electrolyte solutions

Potentials at the Interfaces of Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions

Potentials of Electrolyte Solutions

Properties of Electrolyte Solutions

Properties of Strong Electrolyte Solutions

Purity of the Electrolyte Solution

Rate laws, electrolyte crystal growth from aqueous solution

Real Potentials of Ions in Electrolyte Solutions

Recent Research on Electrolyte Solutions

Relaxation of Electrolyte Solutions

Rotating disk electrode electrolyte solutions

Salt Rejection of Electrolyte Solutions

Scanning electrochemical microscope electrolyte solutions

Selection of Suitable Electrolyte Solutions

Skill 16.6 Identifying properties of strong and weak electrolyte solutions

Sodium nitrate electrolyte solution

Solubility in electrolyte solutions

Solutes electrolytes

Solution of a Symmetrical Electrolyte

Solution of a single electrolyte

Solution of electrolytes

Solutions enthalpy, for common electrolytes

Solutions of Symmetrical Strong Electrolytes at Moderate to High Concentrations

Solutions of half-electrolytes

Solutions of non-electrolytes

Solutions of soaps and other long-chain colloidal electrolytes

Solutions of strong electrolytes

Solutions of weak electrolytes

Standard potentials, electrolyte solutions

Static solvent permittivity, electrolyte solution

Statistical associating fluid theory electrolyte solutions

Stripping Voltammetry at Two Immiscible Liquid Electrolyte Solutions

Strong electrolyte solutes

Strong electrolyte solutions

Strong electrolyte solutions, colligative

Strong electrolyte solutions, colligative properties

Strong electrolytes in aqueous solutions

Structure of aqueous electrolyte solutions

Sulfonated lignins elution with electrolyte solution

Supporting Electrolyte Solution

Surface tension electrolyte solutions

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy electrolyte solutions

The Conductivity of Electrolyte Solutions

The Nature of Aqueous Solutions Strong and Weak Electrolytes

The Permittivity of Electrolyte Solutions

The Thermodynamics of Electrolyte Solutions

The ideal electrolyte solution

The measurement of conductivity in electrolytic solutions

The properties of electrolyte solutions

Thermodynamic Excess Functions. Solutions of a Single Electrolyte

Thermodynamics of Electrolyte Solutions

Thermodynamics of More Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions

Transport in Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions

Vapor pressures electrolyte solution

Viscosity of electrolyte solutions

Water structure electrolyte solutions

Weak electrolytes in aqueous solutions

Weak electrolytes solutions

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