Dry electrolyte technology

The aluminum process involves fluoride emissions originated from the electrolyte and SO2 from the anode. In the early days the fumes from the cell were not treated, but both for environmental and economical reasons the dry scrubber technology was developed to remove fluorides. 

Further on, the Co-Ni complexes were used for modification of Hohsen Carbon type (10-10) and Hohsen Graphite type (10-28) anode materials for Li-ion batteries applying similar procedure. These anode materials were tested in 2016 size lithium coin cells with a configuration Li/electrolyte (LP-30)/(modified anode material). The coin cells were assembled by standard technology in dry atmosphere of a glove box and then... 

Though these alkaline silver-zinc batteries are quite expensive, they are frequently used in aerospace and military applications because they have high specific and volumetric energy density. These batteries may be kept in a dry state for several years and may be activated by introducing the electrolyte into the cells. Their status of technology and applications was presented by Karpinski et al. [346]... 

In order to undertake a large scale application of the obtained results, the zeolite MP was added to the electrolyte of Leclanche-type batteries, manufactured in the Yara Dry Cell Factory in Havana, Cuba [181]. The obtained batteries with the zeolite MP included in the electrolyte were tested under intermittent and continuous discharge procedures following the standard modus operandi of the Yara factory [181]. The results indicated that the batteries produced with the zeolite MP included in the electrolyte exhibited a better performance in comparison with the batteries produced following the standard technology [181]. 

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