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Reproductive toxicants

The reproductive toxicity of some phthalate esters has been reviewed by the Commission of the European Communities (45). This review concludes that testicular atrophy is the most sensitive indicator of reproductive impairment and that the rat is the most sensitive species. [Pg.130]

F. M. Sullivan and co-workers. The Toxicology of Chemicals, Series Two Reproductive Toxicity, Vol. 1, Commission of the European Communities, Bmssels, Belgium, 1993. [Pg.134]

Reproductive Toxicity. No data are available that impHcate either hexavalent or trivalent chromium compounds as reproductive toxins, unless exposure is by way of injection. The observed teratogenic effects of sodium dichromate(VI), chromic acid, and chromium (HI) chloride, adininistered by injection, as measured by dose-response relationships are close to the amount that would be lethal to the embryo, a common trait of many compounds (111). Reported teratogenic studies on hamsters (117,118), the mouse (119—121), and rabbits (122) have shown increased incidence of cleft palate, no effect, and testicular degeneration, respectively. Although the exposures for these experiments were provided by injections, in the final study (122) oral, inhalation, and dermal routes were also tried, and no testicular degeneration was found by these paths. [Pg.141]

Two-generation mammalian reproductive toxicity study or a less comprehensive test. [Pg.18]

BASE SET Mutagenicity Toxicity to reproduction Toxicity to algae Acute daphnia and fish toxicity Abiotic and readily biotic degradability Additional physico-chemical properties 1 t/annum or 5 t cumulative... [Pg.458]

Reproductive toxicity Rats/mice/rabbits Several months Potential to affect reproduction... [Pg.329]

Toxicologists tend to focus their attention primarily on c.xtrapolations from cancer bioassays. However, tlicrc is also a need to evaluate the risks of lower doses to see how they affect the various organs and systems in the body. Many scientific papers focused on tlic use of a safety factor or uncertainty factor approach, since all adverse effects other than cancer and mutation-based dcvclopmcnUil effects are believed to have a tlu cshold i.e., a dose below which no adverse effect should occur. Several researchers have discussed various approaches to setting acceptable daily intakes or exposure limits for developmental and reproductive toxicants. It is Uiought Uiat an acceptable limit of exposure could be determined using cancer models, but today tliey arc considered inappropriate because of tlircsholds. ... [Pg.292]

Reproductive Toxicity—The occurrence of adverse effects on the reproductive system that may result from exposure to a chemical. The toxicity may be directed to the reproductive organs and/or the related endocrine system. The manifestation of such toxicity may be noted as alterations in sexual behavior, fertility, pregnancy outcomes, or modifications in other functions that are dependent on the integrity of this system. [Pg.245]

No studies were located regarding reproductive toxicity in humans after oral exposure to endosulfan. [Pg.99]

In summary, although the available reproductive studies indicate that endosulfan has no adverse effects on reproductive performance in animals, severe adverse effects on male reproductive organs have been seen in rats and mice. This apparent discrepancy needs to be resolved with further research. Endosulfan may potentially cause reproductive toxicity in humans. [Pg.159]

Garcia-Reyero, N. and Denslow, N.D. (2006). Applications of genomic technologies to the study of organochlorine pesticide-induced reproductive toxicity in fish. Journal of Pesticide Science 31, 252-262. [Pg.348]

Reproductive Toxicity. Increased miscarriages were reported in one study of nurse-anesthetists exposed to trichloroethylene and other solvents (Corbett et al. 1974). A retrospective case-control study has should an approximate 3-fold increase in spontaneous abortion in women exposed to trichloroethylene and other solvents (Windham et al. 1991). Significant effects on sperm parameters were not observed in men occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene (Rasmussen et al. 1988). Adverse reproductive effects were not noted in humans that ingested water contaminated with trichloroethylene and other solvents (Byers et al. [Pg.185]

MATTISON D R, PLOWCHALK D R, MEADOWS M J, AL-JUBURI A Z, GANDY J and MALEK A (1990) Reproductive toxicity male and female reproductive systems as targets for chemical injury. Med Clin North Am. 74 (2) 391-411. [Pg.217]


See other pages where Reproductive toxicants is mentioned: [Pg.185]    [Pg.461]    [Pg.148]    [Pg.148]    [Pg.113]    [Pg.263]    [Pg.237]    [Pg.204]    [Pg.65]    [Pg.2]    [Pg.104]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.298]    [Pg.58]    [Pg.141]    [Pg.25]    [Pg.125]    [Pg.100]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.159]    [Pg.192]    [Pg.280]    [Pg.293]    [Pg.299]    [Pg.206]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.59]    [Pg.106]    [Pg.171]    [Pg.118]    [Pg.185]   


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1,3-Butadiene, reproductive toxicity

2,5-Hexanedione, reproductive toxicity

2-generation reproductive toxicity

Arsenic reproductive toxicity

Arsenicals reproductive toxicity

Atrazine, reproductive toxicity

Biopharmaceuticals reproductive/developmental toxicity

Blood agents reproductive toxicity

Cadmium reproductive toxicity

Carcinogenic mutagenic or toxic for reproduction

Case study Alternatives to reproduction-toxic plasticisers in plastics

Chemical warfare agents reproductive toxicity

Chlorine reproductive toxicity

Cholinesterase inhibitors reproductive toxicity

Chromium, reproductive toxicity

Chronic toxic effects reproductive

Cyanide reproductive toxicity

Developmental and reproductive toxicity

Developmental and reproductive toxicity DART)

Dioxins reproductive toxicity

Fertility studies reproductive/developmental toxicity testing

Food safety reproductive toxicity

Fungicides reproductive toxicity

General Categories of Reproductive Toxicants

Hazard assessment reproductive toxicity

Health issues reproductive toxicity

Heavy metals reproductive toxicity

Herbicides reproductive toxicity

Industrial accidents, reproductive toxicity

Inorganic arsenic reproductive toxicity

Ionizing radiation, reproductive toxicity

Labeling Reproductive Toxicants

Lewisite reproductive toxicity

Mercury reproductive toxicity

Metals reproductive toxicity

Methyl isocyanate reproductive toxicity

Methyl mercury reproductive toxicity

Mustard reproductive toxicity

Nerve agents reproductive toxicity

Nonhuman primates reproductive/developmental toxicity studies

Organophosphates reproductive toxicity

Organotin compounds, reproductive toxicity

Pesticides reproductive toxicity

Phosgene reproductive toxicity

Phthalates, reproductive toxicity

Postnatal development studies reproductive/developmental toxicity testing

Pregnancy Reproductive toxicity

Prenatal development studies reproductive/developmental toxicity testing

Rabbits reproductive/developmental toxicity testing

Radiation reproductive toxicity

Radioactivity reproductive toxicity

Reproduction toxicity tests

Reproduction, toxic/adverse effects

Reproduction, toxic/adverse effects males

Reproduction, toxic/adverse effects testing

Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity

Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test

Reproductive Toxicity Testing

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Lead in Human Populations

Reproductive and Sexual Development Toxicity Assessment Tools

Reproductive and developmental toxicity test

Reproductive effects/toxicity

Reproductive effects/toxicity endocrine disrupting chemicals

Reproductive or Developmental Toxicity

Reproductive system toxicity

Reproductive system toxicity fertility

Reproductive system toxicity spermatogenesis

Reproductive toxic effects

Reproductive toxic effects abnormalities

Reproductive toxic effects fetus

Reproductive toxicity

Reproductive toxicity and teratogenicity

Reproductive toxicity arsenic/arsenicals

Reproductive toxicity competence

Reproductive toxicity defined

Reproductive toxicity definition

Reproductive toxicity depleted uranium

Reproductive toxicity dose-response information

Reproductive toxicity dose-response relationships

Reproductive toxicity embryonic /fetal development

Reproductive toxicity endocrine disruption

Reproductive toxicity endogenous

Reproductive toxicity environmental contaminants

Reproductive toxicity environmental exposures

Reproductive toxicity experimental evidence

Reproductive toxicity experimental studies

Reproductive toxicity exposure biomarkers

Reproductive toxicity gases

Reproductive toxicity hazard characterization

Reproductive toxicity in males

Reproductive toxicity kidney effects

Reproductive toxicity mechanisms

Reproductive toxicity menstrual cycle changes

Reproductive toxicity prenatal exposure

Reproductive toxicity sarin

Reproductive toxicity spontaneous abortions

Reproductive toxicity stillbirths

Reproductive toxicity studies

Reproductive toxicity sulfur mustard

Reproductive toxicity teratogenesis

Reproductive toxicity uranium

Reproductive toxicity vesicants

Reproductive/developmental toxicity studies

Reproductive/developmental toxicity studies assessment

Reproductive/developmental toxicity studies biopharmaceuticals

Reproductive/developmental toxicity studies development

Reproductive/developmental toxicity studies monoclonal antibodies

Reproductive/developmental toxicity studies prenatal/postnatal development

Single chemicals reproductive toxicity

Sodium chlorite reproductive and developmental toxicity

Teratogens Reproductive toxicity

Toxic for reproduction

Toxic responses of the reproductive system

Toxic to reproduction

Toxicity for reproduction

Toxicity reproduction

Toxicity reproduction

Toxicity studies reproductive toxicology

Toxicity testing reproduction

Toxicity tests reproductive

Toxicity to reproductive organs

Toxicokinetics reproductive toxicity

Two-Generation Reproduction Toxicity

Two-Generation Reproduction Toxicity Study

Use of Information on Reproductive Toxicity in Hazard Identification

Vanadium, reproductive toxicity

Wildlife exposures reproductive toxicants

Xenobiotics reproductive toxicity

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