Cadmium reproductive toxicity

Golub, M.S. (2006b). Reproductive toxicity of mercury, arsenic and cadmium. In Metals, Fertility and Reproductive Toxicity (M.S. Golub, ed.), pp. 6-22. CRC Press/Taylor Francis Group, LLC, Boca Raton. 

Toxicokinetics Toxic effects of cadmium Acute toxicity Long-term exposure Reproductive toxicity Carcinogenicity Nephrotoxicity ... 

Additional research on cadmium is recommended in three areas (1) effects on cancer, genotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity under conditions of acute, intermediate, and chronic durations of exposure, and administered by way of diet, iiflialation, and dermal routes of exposure (2) emphasis on studies with pregnant animals and (3) methods for reducing toxic effects. Finally, the issue of the significance of cadmium residues in various body parts requires resolution. At this time, it appears that cadmium residues in the vertebrate kidney or liver that exceed... 

Meeker, J.D., M.G. Rossano, B. Protas, M.P. Diamond, E. Puscheck, D. Daly, N. Paneth, and J.J. Wirth. 2008. Cadmium, lead, and other metals in relation to semen quality Human evidence for molybdenum as a male reproductive toxicant. Environ. Health Perspect. 116(11) 1473-1479. 

Cadmium has a diversity of toxic effects including nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and endocrine and reproductive toxicities. Although cadmium is not essential for growth and development in mammals, it generally followes the metabolic pathways of the essential elements zinc and copper. 

Many studies have reported the effects of metals on general soil microbiological processes. Metals including cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc have been reported to inhibit many of the microbial processes listed above. Metal toxicity in the environment ultimately decreases litter decomposition, which can be measured by the rate of mass loss. Both copper (0.5 mg Cu g4 soil) and zinc (1.0 mg Zn g 1 soil) were shown to decrease the rate of decomposition of unpolluted Scots pine needle litter near a brass mill in Sweden.61 Duarte et al.63 also determined that copper and zinc toxicity reduced leaf decomposition rates and fungal reproduction. Other metals, such as cadmium, nickel, and lead, have also been reported to decrease litter decomposition.77... 

Gomot, A. 1998. Toxic effects of cadmium on reproduction, development, and hatching in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis for water quality monitoring. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 41 288-297. 

Trace metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, mercury, zinc) Industrial and municipal wastewaters runoff from urban areas and landfill erosion of contaminated soils and sediments atmospheric deposition Toxic effects including birth defects, reproductive failure, cancer, and systemic poisoning. 

Zinc Essential to all organisms used jo >70 enzymes aa-bilizes coiled ribosomes. Flays a role in sexual maturation and reproduction. U.S. population marginally deficient. Moderately to slightly toxic orally causes vomiting and diarrhea/ Pollution from industrial smoke may cause lung disease use of zinc promotes cadmium pollution. Certain areas (e.g., Iran and Egypt) are zinc deficient."... 

Endocrine and Reproductive Effects. Because the male and female reproductive organs are under complex neuroendocrine and hormonal control, any toxicant that alters any of these processes can affect the reproductive system (see Chapters 17 and 20). In addition metals can act directly on the sex organs. Cadmium is known to produce testicular injury after acute exposure, and lead accumulation in the testes is associated with testicular degeneration, inhibition of spermatogenesis, and Leydig-cell atrophy. 

Posthuma L, Weltje L, Anton-Sanchez FA. 1996. Joint toxic effects of cadmium and pyrene on reproduction and growth of the earthworm Eisenia andrei. No. 607506001. Bilthoven (the Netherlands) National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). 

An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cd. See also CADMIUM COMPOUNDS. 

Cadmium is a divalent metal ion. It is a toxic metal ion that can induce damage to the reproductive system. In general, cadmium can bind to sites of proteins that are normally used to bind zinc, (t is possible that the cadmium-induced damage to the reproductive system results from the binding to the zinc fingers of the steroid hormone-binding proteins. 

The objective of this chapter is to put into perspective some of the current knowledge with respect to trace metals and their health implications. Potential adverse health effects of occupational exposures to trace metals are dis cussed cancer (arsenic, beryllium chromium nickel, and perhaps cadmium) chronic lung disease (beryllium and cadmium) neurologic and reproductive disorders (lead and mercury) and kidney disorders (lead and cadmium). Also discussed are the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended standards for occupational exposure to several trace metals, the difficulty of establishing safe levels of exposure (particularly for carcinogens), and problems involved in identifying toxic components of trade name products. Special attention is given to the role of chemists to help protect the public health. 

Henson MC, Chedrese PJ. Endocrine disruption by cadmium, a common environmental toxicant with paradoxical effects on reproduction. Exp Biol Med2004 229(5) 383-92. 

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