Poly sulfonation

By sulfonation of the appropriate naphthaleneamine or aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid. By nitration/reduction of the appropriate naphthalene (poly) sulfonic acid. 

Analysis of neutral product for active species. The di- and poly sulfonates present in AOS have been isolated from monosulfonates by column chromatography using silanized silica gel by Puschmann [109]. The content of mono-and disulfonates in the fractions obtained were determined gravimetrically. 

Table 1. Common materials used in quenched-fluorescence oxygen sensing (Ru(dpp)3(C104)2 tris(diphenylphenantroline) ruthenium(II) perchlorate PtOEPK platinum(II)-octaethyl-porphine-ketone PtPFPP platinum(II)-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphine PS.poly(styrene), PSu poly(sulfone) PSB poly(styrene-butadiene) block co-polymer PVC polyvinylchloride) APET amorphous poly(ethyleneterephthalate) PE poly(ethylene).

Poly(ketone) (12) and poly(sulfone ketone) (14) are produced according to Scheme (9). They contain significant numbers of phenylene units substituted in p- and o-positions in addition to the m-phenylene units. 

Polystyrenes, preparation and molecular weights of, 23 285-288 Polysulfone, 41 167-168 Poly sulfonic acids, 20 349-351 Polythyleneimine... 

Figure 12. Chemical structure of sulfophenylated poly-sulfone. 2...

One of the philosophical bases of this work is the relative surface area benefit of microcapsules vs. hollow fibers. It is also felt that the alginate hydrogel would have a higher flux rate than the poly sulfone used in hollow fibers. The study of this technique, however, has only been advanced through a rat model. The survival rate for induced liver failure was 46.7% vs. 0% for untreated animals. 

Dispersant materials include condensed phosphates, organic polymeric dispersants. poly(meth)aerylatcs. polymaleates. condensed phosphates, poly-sulfonates. sulfonated polycondcnsatcs. and tannins, lignins, glucosides, and alginates. 

Sinclair-Koppers Co. Lexan 125 bisphenol A polycarbonate from General Electric Co. Polysulfone aromatic poly(sulfone-ether) from Union Carbide Corp. and PPO poly(2,6-dimethyl-p-phenylene oxide) from General Electric Co. 

The most extensive studies of plasma-polymerized membranes were performed in the 1970s and early 1980s by Yasuda, who tried to develop high-performance reverse osmosis membranes by depositing plasma films onto microporous poly-sulfone films [60,61]. More recently other workers have studied the gas permeability of plasma-polymerized films. For example, Stancell and Spencer [62] were able to obtain a gas separation plasma membrane with a hydrogen/methane selectivity of almost 300, and Kawakami et al. [63] have reported plasma membranes... 

The polysulfones are made by condensation polymerization of the potassium salt of bisphenol-A with dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, as discussed by S. R. Schulze and A. L. Baron. The polysulfonates are made from bisphenol-A and disulfonyl chlorides. They are more brittle than poly-sulfone and have been suggested by R. J. Schlott and co-workers to be used in coplymers with linear polyesters to improve the hydrolytic stability of the latter. 

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