Liver inducible

Nakajima T, Wang RS, Murayama N, et al. 1990b. Three forms of trichloroethylene-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver induced by ethanol, phenobarbital, and 3-methylcholanthrene. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 102 546-552. 

Choie DD, Richter GW. 1978. G2 sub-population in mouse liver induced into mitosis by lead acetate. Cell Tissue Kinet 11 235-239. 

With increasing metabolism of fat through p oxidation, much of the mitochondrial CoA pool may become tied up as acyl- or acetyl-CoA. In such cases, the supply of free CoA can be diminished, and this may limit the rate of p oxidation. Upon prolonged fasting and heavy reliance on fat for energy, the liver induces the enzymes required for the formation of ketone bodies and brain induces enzymes required for their metabolism. 

A number of early in vitro studies demonstrated a considerable role of free radicals in liver injury (see, for example, Proceedings of International Meeting on Free Radicals in Liver Injury [341]). Later on, it was shown that chronic inflammation in the liver-induced oxidative DNA damage stimulated chronic active hepatitis and increased the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis [342,343]. Farinati et al. [344] showed that 8-OHdG content increased in circulating leukocytes of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. DNA oxidative damage is supposedly an early event of HCV-related hepatitis. The formation of isoprostanes in the liver of carbon tetrachloride-treated rats can be suppressed by the administration of vitamin E [345],... 

Poland A, Teitelbaum P, Glover E. 1989. [1251]2-lodo-3,7,8-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-binding species in mouse liver induced by agonists for the Ah receptor Characterization and identification. Mol Pharmacol 36(1 ) 113-120. 

Lock EA, Ishmael J, Pratt I. 1982. Hydropic change in rat liver induced by hexachloro-1 3-butadiene. J AppI Toxicol 6 315-320. 

Calabrese EJ, Baldwin LA, Mehendale HM. 1993. Contemporary issues in toxicology. G2 subpopulation in rat liver induced into mitosis by low-level exposure to carbon tetrachloride An adaptive response. Toxicol AppI Pharmacol 121 1-7. 

Sawada S, Yamanaka T, Yamatsu K, et al. 1991. Chromosome Aberrations, micronuclei and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in rat liver induced in vivo by hepatocarcinogens including heterocyclic amines. Mutat Res 251 59-69. 

Sipes IG, El Sisi AE, Sim WW, et al. 1991. Reactive oxygen species in the progression of CCh -induced liver induced liver injury. In Biol Reactive Intermediates IV, Plenum Press, New York, NY 489-497. 

Hepatitis B is a worldwide disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV primarily affects the liver inducing an inflammatory reaction that destroys liver cells and often hinders liver function. The consequences of infection are variable and unpredictable. They depend on the age and immunity status of the patient. 

Glucose binding to an allosteric site of the phosphorylase a isozyme of liver induces a conformational change that exposes its phosphory-lated Ser residues to the action of phosphorylase a phosphatase 1 (PP1). 

Ghoshal AK, Porta EA, Hartroft WS. 1969. The role of lipoperoxidation in the pathogenesis of fatty livers induced by phosphorus poisoning in rats. Am J Pathol 54 275-291. 

Jacqueson A, Thevenin M, Wamet JM, et al. 1977. Sex influence on the experimental fatty liver induced by white phosphorus and Amanita phalloides in the rat. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 41 322-329. 

Ito, E., Kondo, E, Terao, K., and Harada, K. 1997. Neoplastic nodular formation in mouse liver induced by repeated intraperi-toneal injection of microcystin-LR, Toxicon 35(9) 1453-1457. 

Yamazaki K, Kuromitsu J, Tanaka I (2002) Microarray analysis of gene expression changes in mouse liver induced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 290 1114-1122... 

E8. von Euler, L. H., Rubin, R. J., and Handschumacher, R. E., Fatty livers induced by orotic acid. II. Changes in nucleotide metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 238, 2464r-2469 (1963). 

Tsuda H, Farber E. 1980. Resistant hepatocytes as early changes in liver induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Int J Cancer 25 137-139. 

Rushmore, T. H., Lim, Y. R, Farber, E., and Ghoshal, A. K., Rapid lipid peroxidation in the nuclear fraction of rat liver induced by a diet deficient in choline and methionine, Cancer Lett., 24, 251, 1984. 

Hirata, Y., Kawachi, T., and Sugimura, T., Fatty liver induced by injection of L-tryptophan, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 144, 233, 1967. 

Matsuda, M., Kom, B. S., Hammer, R. E., Moon, Y. A., Komuro, R., Horton, J. D., Goldstein, J. L., Brown, M. S., and Shimomura, I. SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) is required for increased Upid synthesis in liver induced by cholesterol deprivation and insulin elevation. Genes Dev 15 (2001) 1206-1216. 

Mus musculus (Ehrlich ascites cells [1] a isoform, liver, inducible by CCI4 [15]) [1,9, 15]... 

The administration of a purified diet supplemented with 1% orotic acid induces in rats a rapid accumulation of lipids in the liver [290]. Such an effect is species specific and does not seem to occur in humans. The deposition of triglycerides in the liver, accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of plasma lipids, is a common and characteristic feature of fatty liver induced by various drugs. The earliest biochemical change [291,292] detected in rats given orotic acid is an increase in the pool of uridine nucleotides paralleled by a concomitant reduction of the level of adenine nucleotides and the oxidized and reduced forms of NAD. 

The fatty infiltration of the liver which accompanies the ingestion of orotic acid does not seem to be accompanied by serious pathological disturbances [293] and is readily reversible, unlike the development of fatty liver induced by a choline deficient diet. Supplementation of the orotic acid diet with adenine essentially modifies the effect of orotic acid [294]. Since PRPP is required for both the synthesis of purines and the metabolism of orotic acid, the decrease in the pool of adenine nucleotides is caused [295,296] by an inhibition of purine synthesis de novo due to extensive depletion of PRPP during the conversion of orotic acid to UMP. After the disappearance of orotic acid from the liver of animals previously fed a diet containing orotic acid, stimulation of the synthesis of adenine nucleotides occurred. 

Cll Carrella, M., Bjorkhem, I., Gustafsson, J.-A., Einarsson, K. and Hellstrom, K. The metabolism of steroids in the fatty liver induced by orotic acid feeding. Biochem. J., 158,89-95 (1976)... 

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