Branched sulfonated poly

Li et al. [181] reported branched sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)s (Br-SPEEK) using various amounts of l,3,5-ira(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene as the branching agent. The structure of the Br-SPEEK is shown in Scheme 2.48. The proton conductivity and methanol permeability of the Br-SPEEK were measured and compared with the linear analogue and with Nation 117. 

W. Guo, X. Li, H. Wang, J. Pang, G. Wang, Z. Jiang, S. Zhang, Synthesis of branched sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone) copolymers and their proton exchange membrane properties, J. Memb. Sci. 444 (2013) 259-267. 

Y. Li, M. Xie, X. Wang, D. Chao, X. Liu, C. Wang, Novel branched sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)s membranes for direct methanol fuel cells, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38 (27) (2013)12051-12059. 

One of the first examples of this type of blend was composed of SPEEK or SPES as the acidic component and diaminated PES, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP), poly(benzimidazole) (PBl), or poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) as the basic component. " For blend lEC values of 1.0 meq/g, conductivity values were reported to be good, as was H2/O2 EC performance. Thermal stabilities for these blends was also demonstrated to be high (>270°C). Other examples of acid-base PEMs include blends of SPPO and PBI, sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) and aminated SPES, SPIs and aminated Pls, and SPEEK with PES bearing benzimidazole side groups, ° as well as an unusual example in which the blend is composed of sulfonated, hyper-branched polyether and pyridine-functionalized polysulfone. ... 

Guo et al. [180] prepared a series of sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone) copolymers (Br-SPAEKs) by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction based on (6F-BPA, A2 monomer), 4,4 -DFBP, unsulfonated B2 monomer), 3,3 -disodiumsulfonyl-4,4-difluoro-benzophenone (SDFBP, sulfonated B2 monomer), and 2,4, 6-trifluoro-benzophenone (TFBP, branched... 

FIGURE 14.6 RO performances and chlorine resistances of composite RO membranes made from sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) containing amino groups (aPES) and hyper-branched aromatic PA-grafted silica (HBP-g-silica) (a) salt rejection and (b) water flux. (Data from S.G. Kim et al.. Desalination, 325, 76-83, 2013.)... 

A series of articles were published by Ennari et al. on MD simulation of transport processes in Poly(Ethylene Oxide) and sulfonic acid-based polymer electrolyte.136,137 The work was started by the determination of the parameters for the ions missing from the PCFF forcefield made by MSI (Molecular Simulations Inc.), to create a new forcefield, NJPCFF. In the models, the proton is represented as a hard ball with a positive charge. Zhou et al. used the similar approach to model Nation.138 The repeating unit of Nafion (Fig. 17) was optimized using ab initio VAMP scheme. The protons were modeled with hydronium ions. Three unit cell or molecular models were used for the MD simulation. The unit cell contains 5000 atoms 20 pendent side chains, and branched Nafion backbone created with the repeating unit. Their water uptakes or water contents were 3, 13, or 22 IEO/SO3, which correspond to the room temperature water uptakes at 50% relative humidity (RH), at 100% RH, and in liquid water respectively.18 The temperature was initially set at a value between 298.15 and 423.15 K under NVE ensemble with constant particle number, constant volume (1 bar), and constant energy. 

Synthetic Macromolecules poly(sulfone-co-amine) H branch 361 212... 

The use of polymeric ammonium salts and a sulfonic acid salt of sodium is an easy and efficient way of coating fabrics furthermore, employing the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique can broaden the application of N-halamine biocides in other polar substances for use as antimicrobial coatings. Branched PEI, polypropylene (PP) and styrene maleic anhydride copolymers are a very good coating for food packaging materials, possibly due to the presence of both cationic- and N-halamine-forming structures. N-halamine cationic antimicrobial polymers based on (acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, PDDA chloride and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt) have been synthesised and coated onto cotton fabrics via an LbL deposition technique. 

PMHS, poly(methyl hydrosiloxane) PLF, linear hexafluoro dimethyl carbinol-functionalized polysiloxane PBF, branched hexafluoro dimethyl carbinol-functionalized polysiloxane PMTFPS, poly(methyl-3,3,3,-trifluoropro-pylsiloxane) PCPMS, poly(methyl cyanopropyMoxane) SXCN, poly oxy[bis(3-cyanopropyl-l-yl)silylene] PPE, poly(phenylether) TBTS (molten salt), tetrabutylammonium 4-toluene sulfonate TBP (molten salt), tetra-butylammonium picrate FPOL, fluoropolyol P4V, poly l-[4-(2-hydroxy-l,l,l,3,3,3-hexafluoropropyl-2-yl)phe-nyl]ethylene PEI, poly(ethyleneimine). 

Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Xu et al. [85] showed that similar macromolecular co-assemblies derived from the cylindrical PE brush based on quat-ernized poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMAQ) complexed with short poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (PSSNa) have distinct longitudinal undulations (Fig. 8), thereby apparently providing experimental proof of a peculiar pearl-necklace structure of IPECs based on such branched PEs. 

Black, insoluble poly(phenylenes) with the monomeric unit - 5114- can be produced from benzene with AICI3/CUCI as catalyst. The polymer is branched, but not cross-linked to a network. The degree of polymerization, measured with the soluble sulfonate derivative, is 100. Stepwise-polymerized poly(l,4-phenylene) is not strongly colored. Consequently, the strong discoloration of poly(phenylenes) produced by polymerizing benzene must result from impurities or from bonding irregularities. 

---