Liquid chromatography coupled with

GUO c, CAO G, SOFIC E and PRIOR R L (1997) High-performance liquid Chromatography coupled with coulometric array detection of electroactive components in fruits and vegetables Relationship to oxygen radical absorbance capacity, J Agric Food Chem, 45, 1787-96. 

For human studies, the choice of stable isotopes is limited because radioisotopes are associated with ionization radiation and thus with some potential harmful effects for humans. Studying the bioavailability of compounds labeled with stable isotopes requires complex techniques such as gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography coupled with MS (LC-MS), and atmo-... 

LC-MS Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry... 

LC-MS/MS Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry LC-NMR Liquid chromatography coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance TLC Thin-layer chromatography... 

Zhao, Q., Sannier, F., Garreau, I., Lecoeur, C., and Piot, J. M., Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with second-order derivative spectroscopy for the quantitation of aromatic amino acids in peptides application to hemorphins, /. Chromatogr. A, 723, 35, 1996. 

Gaucher, S.P., Taylor, S.W., Fahy, E., Zhang, B., Wamock, D.E., Ghosh, S.S., Gibson, B.W. (2004). Expanded coverage of the human heart mitochondrial proteome using multidimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J. Proteome Res. 3, 495-505. 

Capillary Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Capillary Electrophoresis for Analysis of Unlabeled Peptides and Proteins... 

W.E. Neff, W.C. Byrdwell, Characterization of model triacylglycerol (triolein, trilinolein and trilinolenin) autoxidation products via high performance liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry, Journal of Chromatography A, 818, 169 186 (1998). 

G.C.H. Derksen, H.A.G. Niederlander and T.A. van Beek, Analysis of anthraquinones in Rubia tinctorum L. by liquid chromatography coupled with diode array UV and mass spectrometric detection, J. Chromatogr. A, 978, 119 127 (2002). 

Urpi-Sarda M, Jauregui O, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Jaeger W, Miksits M, Covas MI and Andres-Lacueva C. 2005. Uptake of diet resveratrol into the human low-density lipoprotein. Identification and quantification of resveratrol metabolites by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 77(10) 3149—3155. 

Buchberger et al. [104] carried out a selective determination of iodide in brine. The performance of a potentiometric method using an ion-selective electrode and of liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection at 230 nm were compared as methods for the determination of iodide in the presence of other iodide species. Satisfactory results were obtained from the potentiometric method provided the solution was first diluted tenfold with 5 M sodium nitrate, and external standards were used. Better reproducibility was, however, achieved with HPLC, provided precautions were taken to prevent reduction of iodine to iodide in the mobile phase, for which extraction of iodine with carbon tetrachloride prior to analysis was recommended. This was the pre-... 

SILVA, O, GOMES, E.T., WOLFENDER, J.L., MARSTON, A., HOSTETTMANN, K., Application of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry to the characterisation of ellagitannins from Terminalia macroptera roots, Pharm. Res., 2000,17, 1396-1401. 

Jemal M., Xia Y., and Whigan D.B., 1998. The use of high-flow high performance liquid chromatography coupled with positive and negative ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for quantitative bioanalysis via direct injection of the plasma/serum samples. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 12 1389. 

Pruvost A. et al., 2000. Fully automated determination of eserine N-oxide in human plasma using online solid-phase extraction with liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 35 625. 

M. A. Moseley, L. J. Deterding, K. B. Tomer, and J. W. Jorgenson. Nanoscale Packed-Capillary Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry Using a Coaxial Continuous-Flow Fast Atom Bombardment Interface. Anal. Chem., 63(1991) 1467-1473. 

High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection [106, 107] or ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with detection by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy [108] proved to be sensitive methods, but may lack from limitations in separation power and ease of identification of unknown products. 

Oswald EO, Albro PW, McKinney JD. 1974. Utilization of gas-liquid chromatography coupled with chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectrometry for the investigation of potentially hazardous environmental agents and their metabolites. J Chromatogr 98(2) 363-448. 

Henchiz Y. Guillarme D. Martel S. Rudaz S. Veuthey J-L. Carrupt P-A. Fast log P determination by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with UV and mass spectrometry detections. Analytical andBioanalytical Chemistry, 2009, 394, 1919-1630. 

Qian, T., Jiang, Z.-H., and Cai, Z. (2006). High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry applied for metabolic study of ginsenoside Rbj on rat. Anal. Biochem. 352, 87-96. 

Schneider H, Ma L, Glatt H. 2003. Extractionless method for the determination of urinary caffeine metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 789 227. 

Lee KC, Chan W, Liang Z, Liu N, Zhao Z, Lee AW, Cai Z (2008) Rapid screening method for intact glucosinolates in Chinese medicinal herbs by using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry in negative ion mode. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22 2825-2834... 

Cataldi TRI, Rubino A, Lelario F, Bufo SA (2007) Naturally occurring glucosinolates in plant extracts of rocket salad (Eruca Sativa L.) identified by liquid chromatography coupled with negative ion electrospray ionization and quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21 2374-2388... 

Liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection this technique, in combination with a high-throughput liquid-absorption pre-concentrator (HTLAP) that sampled air and collected analytes from vapours or aerosols into a small volume of liquid absorbent, was used by Zaromb et al. [47] for the detection and analysis of cocaine and heroin in air. 

Hartig C, Storm T, Jekel M (1999). Detection and identification of sulphonamide drugs in municipal wastewater by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatography A 854 163-173 Hayes HM, Tarone RE, Cantor KP (1995) On the association between canine mahgnant lymphoma and opportunity for exposure to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Environ Res 70 119-125... 

Volmer D.A., B. Mansoori, and S.J. Locke (1997). Study of 4-quinolone antibiotics in biological samples by short-column liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry 69 4143 155. 

As analytical and bioanalytical methods must be validated before using them for routine sample analysis and after changing method parameters (see Chapter 8), instruments such as liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which are utilized to perform the analysis, should be calibrated and qualified. In addition, an instrument s performance should be tested for suitability prior to use on practically a day-to-day basis. 

Electrochemical detection is better suited to the analysis of erythromycin and lincomycin. This method of detection has been applied for the determination of erythromycin A (139) and lincomycin (154) residues in salmon tissues. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is particularly suitable for confirmatory analysis of the nonvolatile macrolides and lincosamides. Typical applications of this technique are through thermospray mass spectrometry, which has been used to monitor pirlimycin in bovine milk and liver (141,142), and chemical ionization, which has been applied for identification of tilmicosin (151) in bovine muscle, and for identification of spiramycin, tylosin, tilmicosin, erythromycin, and josamycin residues in the same tissue (150). 

Over the past 10 years, liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection appears to have become the method of choice for the determination of corticosteroids, offering tlie analyst both satisfactory selectivity and sensitivity. Both reversed-phase (544-547) and normal-phase (548) chromatography have been applied to the determination of dexamethasone in plasma, coupled with ultraviolet (UV) detection generally at 254 nm, and in bovine tissues (528, 535). A series of both reversed- and normal phase LC systems have also been used for the simultaneous determination of dexamethasone and other steroids. Two different liquid chromatographic separations have been described for the isolation and simultaneous separation of steroids in serum (549). 

Suter, M. J.-F., S. Riediker, and W. Giger, Selective determination of aromatic sulfonates in landfill leachates and groundwater using microbore liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry , Anal. Chem., 71, 897-904 (1999). 

ENTHALPY AND ENTROPY OF VAPORIZATION. The first accurate thermodynamic quantities obtained using GC were enthalpies of vaporization. In 1960 Mackle, Mayrick, and Rooney, (12) measured the heats of vaporization of 2-thiobutane, 3-thiobutane, and 4-thio-heptane by using gas-liquid chromatography coupled with a bypass sampling system. In this system the sample is placed in a sample tube, connected to the apparatus, and cooled with dry ice. Then the sample is warmed to the specified temperature and equilibrated in one arm of the apparatus. The liquid is then isolated from the system and carrier gas allowed to pass through the arm, sweeping the vapors onto the gas chromatographic column. 

LCAA LC-MS LDA Leu Lys Macrosorb long chain alkylamine spacer liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry lithium diisopropylamide S-leucine S-lysine cross-linked polyacrylamide adsorbed onto kieselguhr... 

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