Humans plasma

Delwart EL, Pan H, Neumann A, Markowitz M (1998) Rapid, transient changes at the env locus of plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 populations during the emergence fo protease inhibitor resistance. J Virol 72 2416-2421... 

Coombs, R. W., et al. (1996). Association of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type-1 RNA level with risk of clinical progression in patients with advanced infection. J. Infect. Dis. 174,704-714. 

Carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1.1) can be detected in most mammalian tissues. Besides organs with high carboxylesterase activity such as liver, kidney, and small intestine, esterase activity is present, e.g., in the brain, nasal mucosa, lung, testicle, and saliva. Compared to rat plasma, human plasma contains little carboxylesterase, its esterase activity being essentially due to cholinesterase [61][73][79][89-91],... 

Evaluated at 0.5, 250, and 500ng/mL using calibrators in human plasma and QC standards in human, dog, rat, minipig, and mouse plasma Human plasma six replicates at each level quantified in four batches animal plasma six replicates at each level quantified in one batch for each species (dog, rat, minipig, mouse). Maximum over all concentration levels is reported. 

Acid radical (0.01 M) Normal plasma (%) Human red cells in water (%) Prostate in normal saline (%) Prostate in normal plasma (%) Seminal fluid in normal saline (%)... 

Leucovorine dog plasma human plasma deproteination deproteination... 

The silylated compounds 63a-65a are stable in pH 7.4 PBS, rat plasma, human serum and whole blood, and do not bind to plasmatic proteins. No exchange with glutathione was observed, even in the presence of concentrated solutions (1 and 10 mM in pH 7.4 PBS, 120 min at 37 °C). There is a marked influence of the silicium substituents on the pH at which the cleavage of the O-Si bond occurs. Under physiological conditions (pH 7.4,37 °C), rapid cleavage of the O-Si bond was observed for 65a. However, complexes 63a and 64a, with a triphenyl substituent, are stable under the same conditions, requiring a much lower pH to be hydrolyzed [65,67]. 

HUMAN PLASMA. Human blood was obtained from volunteers who had fasted for eight hours prior to collection. Blood was collected by venipuncture into heparinized Vacutainers. Plasma was prepared by centrifugation at 3000 x g for 20 min at 4 C. 

Lincomycin in plasma (human or povine) and urine determined by HPLC at 214 nm using ion - pair HPLC column with an acetonitrile - trifluoroacetic acid ( 0.1 - 0.2 % v/v in the mixture) as an eluent (33). More than 1800 samples were assayed by this method. Soil - phase extraction (SPE) procedure was used in this analysis followed by an evaporation step. 

Holodniy M, Rainen L, Herman S, Yen-Lieberman B, Stability of plasma human immunodeficiency virus load in VACUTAINER PPT plasma preparation tubes during overnight shipment, J Clin Microbiol 2000 38 323-6. 

Some examples of chiral HPLC separations of racemic drugs are the following. Typical chromatograms of the simultaneous determination of isopyramide and its active metabolite, mono-N-dealkyldisopyramide, in drug-free human plasma, human plasma spiked with dis-opyramide and mono-N-dealkyldisopyramide, and treated subject plasma are presented in Fig. 

In contrast to plasma, human erythrocytes have a very low citric acid content (N3). 

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