Future Works

The work done so far indicates that there are distinct advantages for using silica polyamine composites over polystyrene-based resins. These advantages arise 

Bartlett, Solution Mining, Gordon Breach, Amsterdam, 1992. 

Hopkins, S. Izatt, R. L. Breuning, J. B. Dale, in Environmental Improvements in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, MA. Sanchez, F. Vergara, S. H. Castro, eds., University of Concepcion, Chile, 1997. 

Patterson, R. Passino, Metals Speciation Separation and Recovery, Lewis Chelsea, MI, 1986. 

Rosenberg, in Symposium Proceedings of the International Conference on Materials and Advanced Technologies, T. White, D. Sun, eds.. Material Research Society, Singapore, 2001. 

While calcium phosphates are currently widely used as implants in the body, more detailed work on the role of chemically enriched apatites on the biological response, characterization of apatites and microstructural control will reveal the optimal characteristics of an apatite for clinical application. 

An important chemical aspect of apatites for biomedical use is the Ca/P molar ratio. Synthesized apatites may be calcium deficient or rich and yet display an X-ray diffraction pattern typical of apatite. Those apatites that are subjected to low temperature processing such as cements and biomimetically processed coatings require a wet chemical analysis for determination of the Ca/P molar ratio. With the new interest in chemically modified apatites, the Ca/P molar ratio, the impurity elements according to present standards (ASTM 1998) and the major substituent elements will need to be reported to provide a better understanding of the apatites being investigated for biomedical applications. 

Recent studies reveal that microstructural surface features possibly influence the cell response to implanted synthetic apatites. The roughness is an important aspect of cell 

Apatites presently used in clinical applications are utilized solely for their ability to either bond to tissue or promote bone growth. The next stage of development will involve the optimization of the microstructure to allow incorporation of biological or chemical species that can be released for stimulation or therapy. Such work presently is being focused on microspheres (Paul et al. 2002 Sivakumar and Rao 2002). 

The solubility of apatites is becoming more important as emphasis is being placed on biomaterials for regeneration of tissues (Hench 1998b). Where apatites are incorporated with resorbable polymers for tissue engineering applications, it will become necessary to match the solubility rate of the inorganic and organic components within the composite. 

The field of liquid crystalline block copolymers has undergone great development in the last 10 years showing increasing attraction for both polymer chemists and polymer physicists. More work needs to be carried out in order to fully explore this class of materials. Novel architectures such as LC-BCP with a dendritic LC block, rod-rod block with different rod diameters, and other novel structures will prove to be very interesting. 

4 Block Copolymers Containing Liquid Crystalline Segments 

Ober) American Chemical Society, Washington DC 1990, p. 174-184. 

With the results from the work reported in this book, we can now answer many of the questions that did not have clear answers earlier. Moreover, this research opens the path for many new research directions. Since we have already justified the superiority of the 2.5-D integration from cost and performance perspectives, future work should focus on developing fabrication and test technologies to deliver the advantages, as well as efficient system architectures and design tools to fully utilize the potential. 

In this section, we will outline important research to address the design, testing, and manufacturing issues for 2.5-D ICs illustrated in the Fig. 8.1. below. In Fig. 8.1, the two chips are face to face bonded to ensure short vertical inter-chip connections. A heat sink is attached on the bulk side of one chip, while flip-chip based area I/Os are deployed on the back of the other chip. High performance circuits should be 

For the ideal instrument, the capabilities of a Far Infrared Interferometer from space to extract the spatial and spectral contents of a circumstellar disks were proved. Due to the extended nature of the source, the importance of the selection of the baseline configuration and range was shown, as it defines the interferometric dirty beam which is then convolved with the sky map. 

Because of the nature of the work presented in this Thesis, the suggested future work is divided in the work to be performed with the FIRI testbed, the intended improvements of the instrument simulator FllnS and the possible solutions for the synthesis of Double Fourier Modulation data. 

(1973). The Proton in Chemistry , 2nd edn. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York 

(1981). Proton Tunnelling in Chemistry , Chapman and Hall, London Bender, M. L. (1971). Mechanisms of Homogeneous Catalysis from Protons to 

Study Institute Chemical and Biological Applications of Relaxation Spectrometry (E. Wyn-Jones, ed.) p. 379. D. Reidel Publishing, Dordrecht, Holland 

Bianchin, B., Chrisment, J., Delpuech, J. J., Deschamps, M. N., Nicole, D. and Serratrice, G. (1975). In Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute Chemical and Biological Applications of Relaxation Spectrometry (E. Wyn-Jones, ed.) p. 365. D. Reidel Publishing, Dordrecht, Holland 

Clements, R., Masri, F. N. and Wood, J. L. (1971b). J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1530 

Furnish, L. C. Chhabildas, R. S. Hixon (Eds.), Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, American Physical Society, Snowbird, UT, 2000, pp. 405-408. 

Energetic Materials, Part 1 Decomposition, Crystal and Molecular Properties Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Vol. 12 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

This example illustrates some of the benefits of carefully considering the data before writing a model mechanistic insights often provide meaningful terms in the model. But it is also important to carefully consider the data again after the model has been fitted there might be opportunities for further improvements. 

The most obvious recommendation is to obtain a better estimate of the total amount of money issued in checks on each day by obtaining the information on manually-written checks. 

There appears to be evidence in the residuals that the clearings on Thursday are less than predicted by the first-order term involving the day of the week (P jcj,). 

Adding indicator variables [Neter, Wasserman, and Kutner (1990)], one for each day, might further improve the fit of the model to the data  

It might be worthwhile to fit a model without the small issue-2 day effect (P 2). If this revised model fits well, then it has the tremendous practical advantage of allowing predictions to be made one more day into the future [Box and Jenkins (1976)]. 

3) It is still unknown how che desoirption parameters depend on COj and K coverages. More TPD data analysis will certainly provide useful information on this aspect. A computer program with che ability of varying che desorption parameters has Co be developed for curve simulations. 

2) C0-c(4x2) layer on the Ni(lll) was observed to inhibit the adsorption of oxygen and protect the Ni(lll) surface from 

3) A C0-c(4x2)/Ni(lll) prepared in UHV survived the transfer into the electrochemical chamber and the subsequent exposure 

5) The first voltammetric scan in the positive direction of CO-c(4x2)/Ni(lll) surface, in addition to the CO oxidation 

6) Ni(lll) surfaces which were not protected by CO displayed essentially the same electrochemical behavior. 

and Bilger, G. (1982). Proc. EC Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conf., 4th (W. H. Bloss and G. Grassi, eds.), p. 773. Reidel, Dordrecht. 

and Wagner, H. (1975). Phys. Status Solidi /130,231. 

and Overhof, H. (1977a). In Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductors (W. E. Spear, ed.), p. 328. CICL, Edinburgh. 

Medeisis, A., and Mell, H. (1977b). Commun. Phys. 2,121. 

Regardless of the actually chosen language for properties, it is quite likely that the latter are some form of a generalization of examples. It would therefore be interesting to investigate more formally how properties can be elaborated from examples. We even conjecture that this process might be partially automated. 

There is a degree of holism available in CSIC, as the user can see many solutions and valuations and thus look for overarching patterns. The user can understand at a very abstract level the characteristics of good and bad solutions. 

5 Objection Fitness function in experiment cannot factor primes for RSA keys 

This objection is quite likely correct. However, even if correct, if human interaction improves the solutions beyond the algorithmic limits, then the experiment achieves a positive result. On the other hand, better choices of problems, such as well understood pedagogical problems, would greatly improve the experimental design. 

RSA cracking was chosen for this experimental investigation mostly because the applicability of solving this problem is much easier to explain to a lay audience than more pedagogical problems. Additionally, a successful result for this problem would have direct, groundbreaking relevance for software engineering. 

While the essential methodology and implementation of CSIC have now been created and tested, many areas of improvement remain. Additionally CSIC must be compared to alternatives to see if CSIC is truly effective and beneficial. 

Molecule level studies aimed at understanding the mechanism(s) of activity of organotin in the inhibition of cancer cells need to be continued and extended to the polymeric derivatives. While we have found that the activity appears to peak for the dibutyltin derivatives, the dipentyltin and dihexyltin derivatives need to be studied to see if, in fact, the dibutyltin products are the most active. The importance of the nature of the nonalkyl connective linkages needs to be determined. Thus, a wider array of products needs to be evaluated. Live-animal tests need to be conducted on the most promising products. Finally, any synergistic effects that may result from the combined appUcation of platinum and tin compounds should be studied. 

Barbieri, M. Viale, F. Sparatore, G. Schettini, A. Favre, C. Bruzzo, F. Novell , A. Alama, Anti-Cancer Dmgs 13, 599 (2002). 

Gielen, F. Kayser, O. Zhidkova, V. Kampel, V. Biegadze, D. Vos, B. Mahieu, R. Willem, Metal-Based Drugs 2, 37 (1995). 

Carpinelli, S. Bartolucci, F. KvSo, Anti-Cancer Drug, Design 10,43 (1995). 

Pellerito, F. Maggio, M. Consiglio, A. Pellerito, G. Stocco, S. GxixmxAo, Appl. Organomet. Chem. 9, 227 (1995). 

System Implementation. An aim of this research project was to complement the theoretical development by constmcting a practical synthesis tool which embodies the theory and that can be applied to complex ASIC designs. Towards this objective, we have developed a hardware description language called Hard-wareC and a high-level synthesis system called Hercules and Hebe that are targeted towards synchronous ASIC designs. 

Computer-aided synthesis of digital circuits from an algorithmic description is a difficult problem. We have proposed in this research an approach to ASIC synthesis that addresses some of the difficulties in effectively integrating a synthesized design with other components in the system. However, many difficult problems have not yet been solved. We summarize in Section 12.1.1 the 

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In this article, we are contented to quote only the theoretical principle, the development and the implantation will make the object of future works. 

Considering the success of detecting crack tip echoes from defects at the near probe surface, future work will deal with the detection and sizing of defects on the far probe surface. Future work also relates to carrying out defect sizing in anisotropic austenitic stainless steel welds and... 

In this preliminary work we have investigated composite objects with a simple geometry. In future work the proposed approach will be applied to more complicated objects, in particular glued structures. Since we for such objects expect to have a less distinct back wall echo, we have reason to believe that the preprocessing method that was used in this work has to be somewhat modified. 

It would also be of interest to investigate if the attenuation estimates can be further improved by extending our input data vectors. Since attenuation (and porosity) is spatially correlated, we should expect improvements when including data from A-.scans in a neighbourhood around the point of interest. This is also a topic for future work. 

In this chapter, recent advances in the theory of conical intersections for molecules with an odd number of electrons are reviewed. Section II presents the mathematical basis for these developments, which exploits a degenerate perturbation theory previously used to describe conical intersections in nonrelativistic systems [11,12] and Mead s analysis of the noncrossing rule in molecules with an odd number of electrons [2], Section III presents numerical illustrations of the ideas developed in Section n. Section IV summarizes and discusses directions for future work. 

The metal is a source of nuclear power. There is probably more energy available for use from thorium in the minerals of the earth s crust than from both uranium and fossil fuels. Any sizable demand from thorium as a nuclear fuel is still several years in the future. Work has been done in developing thorium cycle converter-reactor systems. Several prototypes, including the HTGR (high-temperature gas-cooled reactor) and MSRE (molten salt converter reactor experiment), have operated. While the HTGR reactors are efficient, they are not expected to become important commercially for many years because of certain operating difficulties. 

Metrology and Fundamental Constants A.E. Milone and P. Giacomo, eds. North Holland Pubhshing Co. Amsterdam, the Nethedands, 1980 The proceedings of an international course that was organi2ed to review metrology comprehensively and to illustrate links between metrology and the fundamental constants. Status of research is presented and future work and priorities are outlined. 

Carbon nanotubes have been studied extensively in relation to fullerenes, and together with fullerenes have opened a new science and technology field on nano scale materials. This book aims to cover recent research and development in this area, and so provide a eonvenient reference tool for all researchers in this field. It is also hoped that this book can serve to stimulate future work on carbon nanotubes. 

The guest editors have assembled an excellent set of reviews and research articles covering all aspects of the field of carbon nanotubes. The reviews are presented in a clear and concise form by many of the leading researchers in the field. It is hoped that this collection of review articles provides a convenient reference for the present status of research on carbon nanotubes, and serves to stimulate future work in the field. 

The piezoelectric polymer investigations give new physical insight into the nature of the physical process in this class of ferroelectric polymers. The strong nonlinearities in polarization with stress are apparently more a representation of nonlinear compressibility than nonlinear electrical effects. Piezoelectric polarization appears to be linear with stress to volume compressions of tens of percent. The combination of past work on PVDF and future work on copolymers, that have quite different physical features promises to provide an unusually detailed study of such polymers under very large compression. 

Pre-qualification is a process for selecting contractors for known future work. The design will have proceeded to a stage where an outline specification of the essential parameters has been developed. You know roughly what you want but not in detail. Pre-qualification is undertaken to select those subcontractors that can demonstrate they have the capability to meet your specific requirements on quality, quantity, price, and... 

The.effect of the entropy of activation was noted above for the quaternary pyridine salts (280 and 281). In future work, it may also be found to reflect the electrostatic or hydrogen-bonding interactions in transition states of amination reactions and the effect of reversible cationization of an azine-nitrogen. Brower et observed a substantial rate difference between piperidino-dechlorinations of 2-chloropyrimidine in petroleum ether and in alcohol due partly to the higher entropy of activation in the latter solvent (Table III, lines 3 and 4). 

Nonetheless, these results are partial and can be seen only as a test study, and clearly many improvements will be considered. For example, the decision at each node should not be restricted to the only use of molecular key attributes, but should also take into account the mobile phase constituents. Future works will also extend this approach to the full database and will probably lead to the introduction of knowledge rules in CHIRBASE. Knowledge rules will help the users not only in the choice of a wide range of columns but also in the selection of appropriate experimental conditions. 

It is essential that all major maintenance work and findings are recorded in the plant running log as a guide to the reliability of components, the need for cleaning, and other indicators to future work. 

Dual activation of nucleophile and epoxide has emerged as an important mechanistic principle in asymmetric catalysis [110], and it appears to be particularly important in epoxide ARO reactions. Future work in this area is likely to build on the concept of dual substrate activation in interesting and exciting new ways. 

Failure Of Plastics , Witold Brostow, Roger D. Comeliussen Hanser Gardner Pubis (1986) ISBN 1569900086. Complete reference on the mechanical failure of plastics. Covering theory and practice, this book describes an expert knowledge base and provides directions for future work toward elimination of mechanical failure of plastics under varied conditions. 

D. Blum Just going a bit further, the liquid-phase methanation process now uses one reactor. You can or you cannot use a polishing reactor as the economics dictate. You can actually go right to pipeline quality gas in one reactor, which is equivalent to about 99.8% conversion of a 20% CO feed gas. We envision at this moment that combined shift-methanation could be done in the same single reactor. It would obviously require lower feed gas rates so you may need two of these reactors. We don t exactly have the numbers yet. I think that s one of the areas that deserves future work. 

Flow-induced degradation is intimately related to the nonequilibrium conformation of polymer coils and any attempt to interpret the process beyond the phenomenological stage would be incomplete without a sound understanding of chain dynamics. To make the paper self-contained and to provide a theoretical basis for the discussion, we have included some fundamental models of polymer dynamics in the next section which may also serve as a guideline for future work in the field of polymer degradation in flow. For the first-time reader, however, this section is not absolutely necessary. Further, any reader familiar with molecular rheology or interested only in experimental results can skip this section, only to go back whenever a reference is needed. 

Shortly after the 94 was precipitated, a considerable amount of K.2SiF6 was observed to separate, as a result of the fact that precipitation had been performed in glass vessels. This will be avoidable in future work because we have now developed suitable fluoride-resistant micro vessels.)... 

The stripping approach seems to be practical. Future work will investigate the disposition of the americium. Work will be done to establish proper operating conditions and optimize process yields. 

It is essential to remember the assumption that K2 = 1. If the actual angular distribution of NO + ions in the laboratory system is widespread, the true cross-section could be larger than the values of Figure 1 by a factor of 2 or 3. Determining the angular distribution of NO+ ions from this reaction is a most important area for future work. Measurement of angular distributions from ion reactions has just begun (1, 22). 

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