Tooling design

Accompanying this text is a CD entitled Learning By Modeling As its name implies it is a learning tool designed to help you better understand molecular structure and properties and contains two major components... 

Pulsed ECM (PECM) may be a promising way to improve dimensional accuracy control and also to simplify tool design. Accuracies as fine as 0.002 mm have been quoted using current pulse lengths of ca 0.2 to 2.0 ms, at current densities of 55 A/cm. Pulse offtimes are from 1 to 2 ms (7). 

Manufacturing engineers wishing to use ECM processes in industry need to address the challenge of proper tool design. The cost of design can be as much as 20% of the cost of an electrochemical machine for complex components. PredictabiUty of overcuts obtained for specific appHcations and the particular electrolytes to be used for the alloy metals that have to be machined must also be considered along with specific controls and limits on the ECM equipment needed. 

T. Drake and J. A. McGeough, Proceedings of the Machine and Tool Design and Kesearch Conference, Macmillan, New York, 1981, pp. 362—369. 

S. R. Ghabrail and C. E. Noble, Proceedings of the 24th International Machine Tool Design and Kesearch Conference, 1982, pp. 323—328. 

Research chemists cannot do these searches independently. There are a number of tools designed to identify and evaluate hazards. Several of these "identification tools are described below. 

Are workstations and tools designed to prevent twisting motions ... 

Rubber Sleeve Core Barrels. Rubber sleeve core barrels are special application tools designed to recover undisturbed core in soft, unconsolidated formations. As the core is cut, it is encased in the rubber sleeve that contains and supports it. Using face discharge ports in the bit, the contamination of the core by circulating fluid is reduced. The rubber sleeve core barrel has proven to be a very effective tool, in spite of the fact that the rubber sleeve becomes weak with a tendency to split as the temperature increases about 175°F. 

Rebel tool (registered trademark of Eastman Whipstock) A tool designed to prevent and correct lateral drift (walk) of the bit tool. It consists of two paddles on a common shaft that are designed to push the bit in the desired direction. 

Appendix A provides a brief description of several existing hardware and software tools designed for CA research. Appendix B contains a useful list of CA and more general c omplcxity-related information sources availabk on the World Wide Web (WWW), subject-sorted into a total of 91 WWW Universal Resource Loc a-tor (URL) links in 16 categories. The book is indexed and includes an extensive bibliography. 

The product designer should caution the tool designer to keep the gate area away from load-bearing surfaces and to make the gate size such that it will improve the quality of the product. It so happens that the product wall in the gate area develops the minimum tolerance due to the high melt pressure in that area. 

Because of the complexities of the materials and the effects of the processing on the materials, this is an area where predictability based on scientific data is very limited and casting experience is desirable. Successful products will result from close cooperation between designer, tool designer, mold maker, and processor to arrive at design compromises that make the products acceptable and producible at an economical price. 

General Polymers issues a monthly newsletter, Cyclelhne Tips, which contains technical tips on processing, tool design, etc. The current and past issues of CycleTime Tips may be accessed from the General Polymers webpage (http //www.ashchem.com/ home/index.asp nav id=4 sub nav=4)... 

Tooling Materials, Techniques, Tool Design , PLASTEC Rept 15(1964) 7) WJ. Eakins,... 

Tools designed for various operations are marketed by a number of companies dealing in laboratory supplies. Figure 4 shows a selection of such tools. Triangular flaring tools are intended for flaring out the... 

NMR measurements can be made while drilling with the tool placed behind the drill bit and information transmitted to the surface [3, 4]. Measurements of Tj are more reliable because it is less sensitive to motion, but improved tool design has made measurements of T2 possible [4]. 

Tool design will have to be carried out keeping in mind the need to control transport of any additives and dissolved O2 to patterned circuit elements, particularly those not surrounded by other actively plating features. 

SciFinder at http //www.cas.org/SCIFINDER/scicover2.html is an easy-to-use desktop research tool that allows the user to explore research topics, browse scientific journals, and access information on the most recent scientific developments. SciFinder Scholar is a desktop research tool designed especially for use by students and faculty to easily access the information in the CAS databases. With either tool, one can search Chemical Abstracts and the CA Registry by author name, research topic, substance identifier, chemical structure, or chemical reaction. 

Specialized tools and equipment for deminers. Excavators, waterjet cutters, vegetation removal, PPE, detector accessories. Tools designed for specific areas. 

The first CMP tools, based on rotational platen silicon wafer polishing tools, had low throughput values (10 to 18 wfr/hr). Since the implementation of these first-generation tools for polishing, CMP tool design has... 

The desire to improve wafer-level uniformity continues to drive the study of wafer-scale CMP dependencies. Effective and practical means now exist for empirical simulation of wafer-level polish rate across the entire wafer however, substantial enhancement remains necessary to develop predicitive models with sufficient detail and physical bases for exploratory tool design and optimization. 

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