WOUND DRESSING

To provide a prolonged and controlled drug release to the surface of wounds or bums, the material may contain two or more microfiber layers. Different layers may have different compositions. Each layer includes the biodegradable polymer with or without poly(N-vinyl)lactam. The layers may also have different biodegradable polymers (78). 

In a randomized prospective clinical study involving 30 patients, with each group of patients having comparable bum wound size, depth and location, the wounds were treated with either a nanosilver dressing or a gauze soaked in 0.5% silver nitrate solution. The frequency of burn wound sepsis was shown to be less in wounds treated with nanosilver than in those treated with silver nitrate. Furthermore, secondary bacteremia arising from infected wounds was also less frequent [49]. As well as bum wounds, there is now increasing evidence for the use 

Each cell in the human body relies upon an adequate supply of fluid, electrolytes, and nutrients from the vascular system. Often wounding 

Modern wound treatment is a highly scientific and skilled speciality. In general, surgical dressings fall into three categories  

Passive products which protect and cover the wound, e.g. gauzes made of wool and cotton  

Interactive materials which produce a controlled microenvironment which encourages wound healing, for example, films and foams made of polymeric material  

Bioactive dressings which positively attempt to supply and deliver all of the normal substances required by a cell in addition to the extra biochemicals indicated under the three phases of healing above. 

Actisorb Plus, Carbonet, Kaltocarb, Metrotop, Cl in if lex Hydrocolloid dressing 

Aquacel, Granuflex, Comfeel, Combiderm, Cutinova Foam, DuoDerm,Tegasorb, Hydrocoil Hydrogel dressing AquaForm, Sterigel, Purilon Gel, 

Allevyn,Tielle, Lyofoam, Sterigel, Nu-Gel, Purilon Gel, Intrasite Gel, Granugel, Flexipore, Spyrosorb Alginate dressing 

Reduces risk of adherence to wounds. Less trauma 

Lightly exuding wounds, superficial pressure sores, primary dressing and secondary dressing in combination with alginates and hydrogels Undesirable odour producing wounds 

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Wound dressings Woundhealing Woven fabrics Woven geotextile... 

Aliphatic isocyanates have a small but growing market application in thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). Medical appflcafions include wound dressings, catheters, implant devices, and blood bags. A security glass system using light-stable TPU as an inner layer is under evaluation for shatterproof automotive windshield appflcafions. 

Post-amendment devices ate automatically classified as Class III devices. However, a post-amendment device can be brought to market under the 510(k) process, if the PDA determines that the device is "substantially equivalent" to a preamendment device. If the post-amendment device is identical to a preamendment device, it is substantially equivalent. Then the 510(k) is accepted by the PDA and the post-amendment device is placed in the same class as the preamendment device to which it is substantially equivalent. Pot example, a wound dressing identical to a preamendment Class I wound dressing would be found substantially equivalent to the preamendment wound dressing and classified in Class I. 

Bismuth subnitrate [1304-85-4] (basic bismuth nitrate) can be prepared by the partial hydrolysis of the normal nitrate with boiling water. It has been used as an antacid and in combination with iodoform as a wound dressing (183). Taken internally, the subnitrate may cause fatal nitrite poisoning because of the reduction of the nitrate ion by intestinal bacteria. 

Most electroless silver appHcations are for silvering glass or metallizing record masters. Mirror production is the principal usage for electroless silver. The glass support is cleaned, catalyzed using a two-step catalyst, and coated on one side with an opaque silver film (46). Silver-plated nylon cloth is used as a bacteriostatic wound dressing. A tiny current appHed to the cloth causes slow silver dissolution. The silver acts as a bactericide (47). 

Dextrans are particularly useful and are employed as a plasma substitute. A concentration of about 6% dextran (50,000-100,000 relative molecular weight) has equivalent viscosity and colloid-osmotic properties to blood plasma. Dextran can also be used as non-irritant absorbent wound dressings, an application also suited to alginate gels. 

As with carrageenan, another seaweed extract, the ability to bind to calcium makes alginates useful in dairy products as a thickener. It also makes alginates useful as wound dressings, where they absorb fluids, and stop bleeding, and act as a scaffold. 

Keywords Chitosan Nanoparticles Microspheres Chemically modified chitosans Polyelectrolyte complexes Oral and nasal administration Nerve, cartilage and bone regeneration Wound dressing... 

The in vitro biocompatibihty of wound dressings in regards to fibroblasts has been assessed and compared with three commercial wound dressings made of collagen, alginate and gelatin. Methylpyrrolidinone chitosan and collagen were found to be the most compatible materials [305,306],... 

Chitosan has been associated with other biopolymers and with synthetic polymer dispersions to produce wound dressings. Biosynthetic wound dressings composed of a spongy sheet of chitosan and collagen, laminated with a gentamicyn sulphate-impregnated polyurethane membrane, have been produced and clinically tested with good results. 

Several chitin-based wound dressings are available commercially since a few years, mainly in oriental countries they are mentioned in Table 2, see also Fig. 7. However, they are not available in Europe, which could be due to marketing choices. 

Fig. 7 Beschitin , a non-woven wound-dressing material manufactured from chitin by Unitika, Tokyo, Japan...

Elastic adhesive dressing Protective wound dressing Ethylene oxide or... 

Absorbent cotton gauze Absorbent wound dressing Any method... 

These cements are the materials of choice for pulp capping (a wound dressing for covering an exposed or surgically treated pulp). They are superior to zinc oxide eugenol cements for this purpose (Mjor, 1963 Paterson, 1976). 

The nonpharmacologic treatment of diabetic foot ulcers may include off-loading, chemical or surgical debridement of necrotic tissue, wound dressings, hyperbaric oxygen, vascular or orthopedic surgery, and the use of human skin equivalents.30... 

Management of bite wounds consists of aggressive irrigation and topical wound dressing, surgical debridement, and immobilization of the affected area. Primary closure for human bites is not generally recommended. Tetanus toxoid and antitoxin may be indicated. 

STOCKINET SURG 25YDX6" CTN YARN WHITE/NAT TREAT WOUNDS DRESSINGS 6510002040000 RO 17.11 ... 

Smart colloids, 7 298 Smart control valves, 20 672 Smart Cotton-based wound dressings, 8 31 Smart fibers, 73 391... 

Worm end products, 18 646 Worsted wool-processing system, 26 383-384, 385-386 Worsted yarn, 11 178 Wort, 3 563, 564, 574, 575, 583 separation, 3 578-579 Wound closure, suture size and, 24 216 Wound closure biomaterials, 24 205. See also Sutures Wound dressings cotton smart, 3 31 ethylene oxide polymers in, 10 687 hydrogels in, 13 751-752 Woven fabrics, 11 178 dyeing, 9 170-171 Woven flax fibers, 11 594 Woven plastic bags, 18 12 Wovens... 

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