Toxic Substances Control

The chemical substances in the Chemical Substances Inventory contain chemical compounds which are permitted for the use by industry. New compoimds not available on this list must undergo a process established by the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA. 

The Inventory is not created to list substances but for the pmpose stated in Section 2624 The Council on Enviromnental Quality, in consirltation with the Administrator, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Commerce, and the heads of other appropriate Federal departments or agencies, shall coordinate a study of the feasibility of establishing a standard classification system for chemical substances and related 

This very nseful regulation, after more than a qnarter century of practice does not give sufficient information. EPA has selected a group of High Production Volume, HPV, chemicals which constitutes 2,863 organic chemicals produced or imported at or above 1 million pounds per year in the United States. These chemicals have a large impact on health and safety becanse of their widespread application. EPA s analysis found that no basic toxicity information, i.e., neither hrrman health nor environmental toxicity, is publicly available for 43% of the high volume chemicals manufactured in the US and that a full set of basic toxicity information is available for only 7% of these chemicals. 

The lack of this basic toxicity information on most high volume chemicals is a serious issue for risk assessment, safeguarding children s health, expanding the publie s right-to-know, and promoting the pollution prevention ethic which are important EPA initiatives. 

56803373 Phosphoric acid, (l,l-dimethylethyl)phenyl diphenyl ester Y Y Y Y Y 

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Table 5. Grignard Reagents Listed on the U.S. EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) List...

The latest government regulations set forth under the Toxic Substances Control Act and in PubHc Health Service pubHcations should be checked before formulating new lubricants. Users of lubricants should request Material Safety Data Sheets for each substance involved plus certification of compliance from vendors. Lubricant compounders should insist on similar information from their suppHers for any additive packages. Manufacturers of both additives and lubricants commonly make toxicity checks on commercial products. 

Toxic Substances Control Act, Public Law No. 469, 94th U.S. Congress Chemical Substance Inventory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances, Wasliiagton, D.C., 1975. 

Hazardous Waste Reduction Checklist and Assessment Manualfor the Metal FinishingJndusty, California Department of Health Services, Alternative Technology Division, Toxic Substances Control Program, Sacramento, Calif., 1990. 

Clean Air Act and its amendments ia 1970, 1977, and 1990 1967 Air Quahty Standards and National Air Pollution Acts and 1970 National Environmental PoHcy Act) (2) better waste disposal practices (1965 SoHd Waste Disposal Act 1976 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) (see Wastes, industrial Waste treatment, hazardous wastes) (i) reduced noise levels (1972 Noise Control Act) (4) improved control of the manufacture and use of toxic materials (1976 Toxic Substances Control Act) and (5) assignment of responsibiUty to manufacturers for product safety (1972 Consumer Product Safety Act) (15,16). 

Information on health and safety considerations cited herein for Ryton PPS powders and pellets can be found in Reference 157. Ryton PPS [26125-40-6] is listed in the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) Inventory of Chemicals. 

All the PMBs are Hsted on the U.S. EPA s Toxic Substances Control Act NonConfidential Chemical Substances Inventory (Table 8). In the early to mid-1980s, pseudocumene, mesitylene, hemimellitene, and trimethylbenzene were coveted by TSCA Section 8(a) Preliminary Assessment Information Rule (PAIR) reporting requirements (22) and by TSCA Section 8(d) for health and safety data (23). Mesitylene is the subject of a test rule subacute oral toxicity and subchtonic oral toxicity in tats were underway in 1994 (24). The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) allows monitoring for pseudocumene and mesitylene at the discretion of the State (25). Of the PMBs, only pseudocumene is subject to SARA Tide III section 313 annual release reporting (26). 

A. McRae and L. Whelchel, eds.. Toxic Substances Control Sourcebook, Aspen Systems Corporation, 1978, p. 124. 

The two main federal agencies involved in the protection of human health and the environment are the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). EPA s principal concern is the protection of the environment, in most cases, the area outside of an industrial faciUty. There are 10 regional offices that carry out the regulatory functions of the agency (Table 1). Primary laws covered by EPA are the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA), the Clean Water Act (CWA), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and LiabiUty Act (CERCLA), Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), and Eederal Insecticide, Eungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). 

Toxic Substances Control Act. EPA regulates the manufacture, use, and exposure to ha2ardous or toxic chemicals under a number of laws. Eor the chemical industry, the law of prime concern is the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) (10), which was passed by the U.S. Congress in 1976. The two main goals of TSCA are acquisition of sufficient information to identify and evaluate potential ha2ards from chemical substances, and regulation of the production, use, distribution, and disposal of these substances. 

Toxic Substances Control Act, Chemical Substances Inventory further information can be obtained from Industry Assistance Office, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 

Styrene is Hsted in the U.S. Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) Inventory of Chemicals. It is not confirmed as a carcinogen but is considered a suspect carcinogen. The recommended exposure limits are OSHA PEL 50 ppm, ACGIH TLV 50 ppm. For higher concentrations,... 

Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA) Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)... 

There are a multitude of governmental requirements for the manufacture and handling of isocyanates. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mandates testing and risk management for TDl and MDl under Toxic Substance Control Administration (TSCA). Annual reports on emissions of both isocyanates are required by the EPA under SARA 313. 

Vinyl chloride is Hsted as "ethene, chloro-" on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory and on the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL). It is Hsted as "chloroethylene" on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS), bearing the identification number 2008 310 (149). 

All four butanols are registered ia the United States on the Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory, a prerequisite for the manufacture or importation for commercial sale of any chemical substance or mixture ia quantities greater than a 1000 pounds (454 kg). Additionally, the manufacture and distribution of the butanols ia the United States are regulated under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), Section 313, which requires that anyone handling at least 10,000 pounds (4545 kg) a year of a chemical substance report to both the EPA and the state any release of that substance to the environment. 

The United States has the most laws regarding environmental safety and health. The National Environmental PoHcy Act (NEPA) of 1969 has resulted in the following acts Eederal Insecticides, Eungicide and Rodenticide (EIERA), Resource Conservation and Recovery (RCRA), Superfund (CERCLA), Superfund Amendments and Reauthori2ation Act (SARA) Plus Tide III, Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA), Clean Water (CWA), Water Quahty, Safe Drinking Water (SDWA), and Waste Minimi2ation and Control. 

The two most important pieces of chemical control legislation enacted affecting the dye and pigment industries are the United States Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) and EEC s Classification, Packaging, and Labeling of Dangerous Substances and its amendments. Table 2 is a comparison of TSCA and the 6th Amendment of the EEC classifications. 

The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) was enacted in 1976 to identify and control toxic chemical ha2ards to human health and the environment. One of the main provisions of TSCA was to estabUsh and maintain an inventory of all chemicals in commerce in the United States for the purpose of regulating any of the chemicals that might pose an unreasonable risk to human health or the environment. An initial inventory of chemicals was estabhshed by requiring companies to report to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) all substances that were imported, manufactured, processed, distributed, or disposed of in the United States. Over 50,000 chemical substances were reported. PoUowing this initial inventory, introduction of all new chemical substances requires a Premanufacturing Notification (PMN) process. To be included in the PMN are the identity of the new chemical, the estimated first year and maximum production volume, manufacture and process information, a description of proposed use, potential release to the environment, possible human exposure to the new substance, and any health or environmental test data available at the time of submission. In the 10 years that TSCA has been in effect, the USEPA has received over 10,000 PMNs and up to 10% of the submissions each year are for dyes (382)... 

J. Houk, M. J. Doa, M. Dezube, and J. M. Rovinski, "Evaluation of Dyes Submitted Under the Toxic Substance Control Act New Chemicals Programme," Colour Chemistry, Elsevier AppHed Science, London and New York, 1991. 

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act Toxic Substances Control Act Nuclear Regulatory Commission Title 10... 

HRT Reactor hydraulic retention time TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act... 

Toxic Substances Control Act, 1976 The two major goals of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), passed by Congress in... 

Much of the current activity in the field of solid-waste management, especially with respect to hazardous wastes and resources recoveiy, is a direc t consequence of legislation. It is imperative to have a working knowledge of waste regulations, including RCRA (for EPA hazardous waste) TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act) for PCBs and toxic waste Sohd Waste Disposal Act the Clean Air Ac t and PSD (prevention of... 

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