Product manufacturing

An extremely important safety issue with respect to ah. wood product manufacturing processes is personal worker safety. Ah of the processes use much moving machinery, usuahy including many saws or knives. Workers must continuahy remember the inherent dangers these machines involve as weh as other possible dangerous situations which could result from malfunctions or other errors. In addition, most processes are more or less dusty and noisy. Most employers require use of safety glasses and many require hearing protection, safety shoes, and hardhats as weh as other kinds of protection needed for Specific jobs. 

The products manufactured are predominantiy paraffinic, free from sulfur, nitrogen, and other impurities, and have excellent combustion properties. The very high cetane number and smoke point indicate clean-burning hydrocarbon Hquids having reduced harmful exhaust emissions. SMDS has also been proposed to produce chemical intermediates, paraffinic solvents, and extra high viscosity index (XHVI) lubeoils (see Lubrication and lubricants) (44). 

American Iron and Steel Institute 1123 15th Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20005 Standards for steel compositions, steel products, manufacturing tolerances, inspection methods, etc. 

There are approximately 114 paint remover manufacturers in the United States. Among them are companies that speciali2e in the manufacture of paint removers only, paint and coating manufacturers that produce a line of paint removers, specialty products manufacturers, and other manufacturers of finish removers for unique or special appHcations. Each group of paint remover manufacturer can be divided into retail or industrial products. A Hst of U.S. paint remover manufacturers is given in Table 2. 

The various preparation processes and technologies used in dmg product manufacture also can effect product safety, stabihty, and performance, eg, compression during tablet manufacture. The principal processes used in dosage form manufacture are as foUows (15). 

The Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1988 amended the FD C Act to estabUsh newer safeguards for the national distribution of prescription dmg products. It limits the reimportation of dmg products manufactured in the United States to the product manufacturers only. It also prohibits the selling, trading, and purchasing of sample dmg products and places restrictions upon their distribution. 

Catalysts for Chemical Industry Applications. The PGMs are widely used as catalysts in chemical manufacturing, petroleum (qv) refining, and electrochemical processing (qv). A number of the most important industrial products manufactured by using PGM catalysts are outlined herein. 

Neoprenes. Of the synthetic latices, a type that can be processed similarly to natural mbber latex and is adaptable to dipped product manufacture, is neoprene (polychloroprene). Neoprene latices exhibit poor initial wet gel strength, particularly in coagulant dipped work, but the end products can be made with high gum tensile strength, oil and aUphatic solvent resistance, good aging properties, and flame resistance. There are several types of neoprene latex, available at moderately high (ca 50 wt %) and medium soHds content. Differences in composition between the types include the polymer s microstmcture, eg, gel or sol, the type of stablizer, and the total soHds content (Table 22). 

Latex compound viscosity obviously forms an important aspect of dipped product manufacture. Accurate measurement by a Brookfield or similar viscometer is desirable to estabhsh the fundamental viscosity of a compound, but Flow-Cup viscometers (Ford B.3 Cup) are more commonly used for day-to-day control of latex compounds during compounding and product manufacture. It is necessary to ensure that only stainless steel flow cups are used, if the measured latex is allowed to return to the production tanks brass cups yield an unacceptable level of copper contamination, which adversely affects aging properties of products made from copper-contaminated mbber compound. 

A. K. Bhowmick, M. M. Hall, and H. A. Benarey, Rubber Products Manufacturing Technology, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1994. 

Values for product manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. 

Secondary Timber Products. Secondary timber products are products manufactured from primary timber products. Secondary products can be sold directly to the final consumer or can requite additional processing before reaching the final consumer. The wide diversity of products manufactured from primary timber products makes it difficult to precisely define secondary products. Lumber, for example, is clearly a secondary product because it is manufactured from roundwood and typically requites further processing before reaching its final use. Wooden furniture is considered a final product, not a secondary product because it is made from lumber or other secondary timber products. In general, products made from secondary timber products were not included in this analysis. 

Table 10 itemizes the specific four-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) industries considered to be secondary timber products manufacturers. For more information on the SIC system, see Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget (119). 

In 1991, timber-related secondary products manufacturing industries added an estimated 40,128 million of value to primary timber products (Table 11). Most of the timber-related value added (63%) originated in the paper and aUied products industry. The lumber and wood products industry added nearly 37% of total timber-related value added. Less than 1% was from chemicals and aUied products. 

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