Dangerous situation

During drilling operations sometimes large volumes of drilling mud are lost into a formation. In this case normal mud circulation is no longer possible and the fluid level inside the borehole will drop, creating a potentially dangerous situation as described below. The formations in which lost circulation can be a problem are ... 

It was also shown, that serious defects were detected, which under normal circumstances could lead to dangerous situations in the following service periods and cannot be detected by the normal conventional testing method. 

An extremely important safety issue with respect to ah. wood product manufacturing processes is personal worker safety. Ah of the processes use much moving machinery, usuahy including many saws or knives. Workers must continuahy remember the inherent dangers these machines involve as weh as other possible dangerous situations which could result from malfunctions or other errors. In addition, most processes are more or less dusty and noisy. Most employers require use of safety glasses and many require hearing protection, safety shoes, and hardhats as weh as other kinds of protection needed for Specific jobs. 

The safety alert concept is another tool that can be used by large or small businesses to communicate past best practices and indicate a path forward. On a daily basis, lessons learned should be communicated in a site safety meeting. A worker or supervisor may have discovered that a current practice could cause a potentially dangerous situation. Many times the correction or long-term fix for a hazard involves engineering... 

Nobody knows why this had been done. Probably one nut was tighter than the other, and in attempting to tighten this nut, the whole stud was screwed through the second nut. Whatever the reason, it produced a dangerous situation because the pressure on different parts of the flange was not the same. 

To enable participants to explore possible ways of avoiding dangerous situations. 

Lunch came and went, and it was time to return to school. Charlie passed the old house once more, but this time noticed that the lamp post outside had been vandalized and the metal cover over the wires had been broken. Coloured wires were sticking out and looked damaged. He thought this could be a dangerous situation. (E)... 

Stopping excursions from normal operation conditions before they become hazardous, by correction of process control variables when dangerous situations are detected on-line detection of process deviations associated with trip systems for corrective actions. 

Decreasing the amount of damage done by an accident by taking preventive protection measures against the potential consequences of dangerous situations containment. 

Preventive and protective measures. Technical safety measures must always be developed no matter how inherently safe we think the process is. The scope of preventive and protection measures is large for the whole plant. Below, some preventive measures to be taken to prevent thermal runaways when a dangerous situation is recognized are listed ... 

The work itself can now begin, but that is not the end of the security procedure, because it must be maintained and reviewed constantly in the light of unforeseen dangerous situations. Any incident must be reported and the procedure employed should be analysed in order to draw lessons that can be incorporated in a revised pre-vention/protection plan. 

Having obtained vapour pressure vaiues, which are of minimum reiiabiiity, the vapour equiiibrium concentration of the substance can be obtained and compared with various risk parameters or reguiatory criteria in order to estimate a potentiaiiy dangerous situation. Depending on the work to be done, one has to proceed to a seiection of appropriate units. 

Furthermore, concentrates may also be used as conventional additives in the same polymer or in different polymers. In this way a substantive antioxidant (or modifier) system can be produced with very high effectiveness especially under aggressive environments. In comparison, under such demanding conditions, conventional antioxidants will not only lead to premature failure of the polymer but also to dangerous situations such as in the case in food contact application (packaging), medical uses of polymers (artificial joints), and failure of aircraft tyres where human lifes are at risk. 

Clearly, the designer should always select a process that is inherently safe whenever it is practical, and economic, to do so. However, most chemical manufacturing processes are, to a greater or lesser extent, inherently unsafe, and dangerous situations can develop if the process conditions deviate from the design values. 

The safe operation of such processes depends on the design and provision of engineered safety devices, and on good operating practices, to prevent a dangerous situation developing, and to minimise the consequences of any incident that arises from the failure of these safeguards. 

Commonly, when chloroplatinic acid is the source of the catalyst for hydrosilation and sometimes when salts of other metals are used, no effect is observed for some time after it has been added to a mixture of reagents. Then, rather suddenly a rapid reaction can ensue. This induction period can in some cases last for a relatively long time, even hours. An unpredictable induction period, followed by a very fast exothermic reaction, leads to difficult, sometimes dangerous situations when large amounts of reagents are employed. 

Another class of environmentally hazardous projects comprises finished stores of toxic, explosive, and flammable substances. In Ukraine, it comprises depositaries of benzene, petroleum, and oil products, ammonia, inorganic acids, rubber resin, pesticides, mineral fertilizers, and many other materials. The quantities of substances kept in those stores amount to tens and hundreds of tons. Many of them are situated near beds of potable water bodies. Besides being environmentally hazardous, they present attractive targets for terrorist acts, since in case of their damage the chemical contamination of the environment may spread over vast territories and water areas creating an extremely dangerous situation for the population. 

Example 11-2 assumes that all failures in either the alarm or the shutdown system are immediately obvious to the operator and are fixed in a negligible amount of time. Emergency alarms and shutdown systems are used only when a dangerous situation occurs. It is possible for the equipment to fail without the operator being aware of the situation. This is called an unrevealed failure. Without regular and reliable equipment testing, alarm and emergency systems can fail without notice. Failures that are immediately obvious are called revealed failures. 

For an emergency system with unavailability U, a dangerous situation will occur only when the process episode occurs and the emergency system is unavailable. This is every pdU episodes. 

The potentially dangerous situations in the process were identified to be ... 

A more detailed explanation of these equations can be found in Elardee [4]. The close monitoring of cell voltages is expected to enable operators to observe problems with membrane blistering and potentially dangerous situations such as membrane tears before they become dangerous or explosive. 

Symptoms of poisoning may affect all or only few individuals in a particular population. Symptoms may be divided into early, late, and delayed early symptoms occur a few hours after toxin ingestion, late symptoms up to several days after, and delayed symptoms affect patients after some weeks, or even months. The most dangerous situation involves delayed, subacute symptoms that do not affect all individuals in an analyzed population. In such a cases, a relationship between consumed food and disease symptoms is practically impossible to confirm and may lead to a misdiagnosis. 

---