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Water processes

The majority of water used in a paper mill is process water, meaning water that is recycled in the different water loops of the water circuit of the system before disposal. The process water is produced in the thickening and dewatering stages of the papermaking process. Due to its content of solid, colloidal and dissolved substances, the quality of the process water is lower than that of fresh water. [Pg.209]


Utilities (fuel, steam, electricity, cooling water, process water, compressed air, inert gases, etc.)... [Pg.406]

All the process water streams are collected, the entrained hydrocarbons decanted, and the water is sent to the waste water stripper. [Pg.405]

After cleavage the reaction mass is a mixture of phenol, acetone, and a variety of other products such as cumylphenols, acetophenone, dimethyl-phenylcarbinol, a-methylstyrene, and hydroxyacetone. It may be neutralised with a sodium phenoxide solution (20) or other suitable base or ion-exchange resins. Process water may be added to facilitate removal of any inorganic salts. The product may then go through a separation and a wash stage, or go direcdy to a distillation tower. [Pg.96]

Acrolein at a concentration of <500 ppm is also used to protect Hquid fuels against microorganisms. The dialkyl acetals of acrolein are also useful in this apphcation. In addition, the growth of algae, aquatic weeds, and moUusks in recirculating process water systems is also controlled by acrolein. [Pg.128]

Secunda discharges no process water effluents. AU. water streams produced are cleaned and reused in the plant. The methane and light hydrocarbons in the product are reformed with steam to generate synthesis gas for recycle (14). Even at this large scale, the cost of producing fuels and chemicals by the Fischer-Tropsch process is dominated by the cost of synthesis gas production. Sasol has estimated that gas production accounts for 58% of total production costs (39). [Pg.168]

Removing small amounts of suspended inorganic or organic particles from surface water prior to its use as drinking water or industrial process water. [Pg.31]

Beneficiation faciUties require air and water pollution control systems, including efficient control of dust emissions, treatment of process water, and proper disposal of tailings (see AiRPOLLUTlON CONTROLMETHODS). In handling finished fluorspar, operators must avoid breathing fluorspar dust and contacting fluorspar with acids. Proper disposal of spills and the use of respirators and other personnel protective equipment must be observed. Contact with fluorspar may irritate the skin and eyes. [Pg.175]

Cooling is routinely appHed, either with ambient process water if THF is the solvent or with chilled brine if diethyl ether is used. Since Grignard reagents are particularly reactive with water, Hquid hydrocarbon coolants may be preferred, to eliminate the risk that could arise from a cooling-system leak. [Pg.394]

Polyelectrolytes based on ethyleneimine are also used to treat drinking water and process water, and as agents for preventing lime deposits (407) in water extraction. The binding power of PEI is utilized for the treatment of effluents (408). Biochemical reactions can be catalyzed by using the complex-forming properties of PEIs and their affinity for organic substrates (409). [Pg.13]

The toxic nature of mercury and its compounds has caused concern over environmental pollution, and governmental agencies have imposed severe restrictions on release of mercury compounds to waterways and the air (see Mercury). Methods of precipitation and agglomeration of mercurial wastes from process water have been developed. These methods generally depend on the formation of relatively insoluble compounds such as mercury sulfides, oxides, and thiocarbamates. MetaUic mercury is invariably formed as a by-product. The use of coprecipitants, which adsorb mercury on their surfaces facihtating removal, is frequent. [Pg.112]

Water Quality. AH commercial oil shale operations require substantial quantities of water. AH product water is treated for use and operations are permitted as zero-discharge facHities. In the Unocal operation, no accidental releases of surface water have occurred during the last four years of sustained operations from 1986 to 1990. The Unocal Parachute Creek Project compliance monitoring program of ground water, surface water, and process water streams have indicated no adverse water quaHty impacts and no violations of the Colorado Department of Health standards (62). [Pg.355]

When selecting a particular paster adhesive, coating material, and coating process for sohd fiber packaging, the fact that sohd fiberboard lacks the open-flute stmcture (to facihtate exit of moisture from internal phes of paperboard) should be considered. It is generally desirable to minimize the amount of process water added with the adhesive or coating with sohd fiber products. Moisture trapped in the filler phes can result in pin holes or bhsters in the coating and/or warp of the sheet (15). [Pg.519]

The solubiHty of phosphoms in water is about 3 ppm. However, process water used in phosphoms manufacture or handling often catties larger amounts of phosphoms as particulates or small droplets, depending on the water temperature. Phosphoms-contaminated water is commonly called phossy water. Phosphoms has low solubiHty in most common solvents, but is quite soluble in carbon disulfide and some other special solvents. The solubiHty in CS2 and benzene was formerly used in phosphoms analyses, but toxicity and increasing waste disposal costs have led to mote use of toluene and xylene, and mote tecentiy to the use of nonchemical turbidity measurements. [Pg.347]

Water. Water mains should be connected to plant fire mains at two or more poiats, so that a sufficient water supply can be deHvered ia case of emergency. The plant loop and its branches should be adequately valved so that a break can be isolated without affecting a principal part of the system. If there is any question of maintaining adequate pressure, suitable booster pumps should be iastaHed. Any connection made to potable water for process water or cooling water must be made ia such a manner that there can be no backflow of possibly contaminated water check valves alone are not sufficient. The municipal supply should faH freely iato a tank from which the water is pumped for process purposes, or commercially available and approved backflow preventers should be used. [Pg.98]

Sodium alumiaate is used ia the treatment of iadustrial and municipal water suppHes and the use of sodium alumiaate is approved ia the clarification of drinking water. The FDA approves the use of sodium alumiaate ia steam generation systems where the steam contacts food. One early use of sodium alumiaate was ia lime softening processes, where it iacreases the precipitation of ions contributing to hardness and improves suspended soHds removal from the treated water (17). Sodium alumiaate reacts with siHca to leave very low residual concentrations of siHca ia hot process water softeners. Sodium alumiaate is often used with other chemicals such as alum, ferric salts, clays, and polyelectrolytes, as a coagulant aid (18,19). [Pg.140]

The pulp and paper industry and potable and wastewater treatment industry are the principal markets for aluminum sulfate. Over half of the U.S. aluminum sulfate produced is employed by the pulp and paper industry. About 37% is used to precipitate and fix rosin size on paper fibers, set dyes, and control slurry pH. Another 16% is utilized to clarify process waters. The alum sold for these purposes is usually Hquid alum. It is frequendy acidic as a result of a slight excess of H2SO4. Aluminum sulfate consumption by the pulp and paper industry is projected to remain constant or decline slightly in the near term because of more efficient use of the alum and an increased use of alkaline sizing processes (13). [Pg.175]

Water Clarification. Process water that aeeds to be clarified comes from several differeat sources ia the recycling mill rejects from screeas and mechanical cleaners rejects from washers, thickeners, and flotation cells water that drains from the pulp as it is converted iato paper oa the paper machine (white water) and water from felt washers. These waters contain different dissolved chemicals and suspended soflds and are usually processed separately. [Pg.9]


See other pages where Water processes is mentioned: [Pg.418]    [Pg.9]    [Pg.194]    [Pg.447]    [Pg.12]    [Pg.12]    [Pg.493]    [Pg.585]    [Pg.370]    [Pg.448]    [Pg.355]    [Pg.386]    [Pg.388]    [Pg.155]    [Pg.178]    [Pg.268]    [Pg.416]    [Pg.355]    [Pg.12]    [Pg.17]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.98]    [Pg.529]    [Pg.175]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.6]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.8]    [Pg.8]    [Pg.9]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.166 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.901 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.166 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.360 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.900 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.166 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.1075 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.594 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.143 , Pg.209 , Pg.210 , Pg.211 , Pg.212 , Pg.213 , Pg.214 , Pg.215 , Pg.216 ]




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Adhesion Processes in the Purification of Water

Adulteration process water

Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water Treatment

Advanced oxidation process drinking water treatment

Air-Water Transport Processes

An essential chemical for life processes water in biological functions

Azeotropic distillation ethanol/water/benzene process

Biogeochemical Processes Surface Water to Sediments

Biogeochemical Processes in the Nansha Islands Waters

Biogeochemical exposure processes in the soil-water system

Biological processes, water

Biological waste water treatment processes

Caffeine water process

Capacity of Freshwater Marsh to Process Nitrate in Diverted Mississippi River Water

Coasts water processes

Concentrate processing storm water

Continental waters biological processes

Corrosion process liquid water

Design Specifications for Process Water

Deuterium separation processes water distillation

Deuterium separation processes water-hydrogen exchange

Dioxin water treatment process

Dow Water and Process

Dow Water and Process Solutions FilmTec

Drinking water process design

Drying processes, water-soluble powders

Drying processes, water-soluble powders formulation

Dual-temperature water-hydrogen sulfide exchange process

Dynamics water dynamic process

Effluent control water-treatment process

Electro-coagulation process for the waste water

Electro-membrane processes for the removal of trace toxic metal ions from water

Electrochemical process, water

Electrochemical process, water molecules needed

Energy water treatment process

Ethanol-water separation processes

Extractive distillation ethanol/isopropanol/water process

Flotation Process for Calcium Carbonate Recovery from Water Treatment Sludges

Flux removal from printed circuit boards - water-free cleaning processes

Food processing, water usage

Gases stripped from process water

Geochemical processes, mineral-water

Geochemical processes, mineral-water interface

Hazard of Water in Refinery Process Systems

Hazards of Water in Refinery Process

Heavy water chemical exchange processes

Heavy water hydrogen exchange process

Heavy water hydrogen sulfide exchange process

Heavy water process characteristics

Heavy water process evaluation

Heavy water processes

Heavy water production processes

Historical Development of Multi-Step Thermal Processes for Water Electrolysis

Hot water extraction process

Hot water processing

Hot-water flotation process

Humidification processes water-cooling

Hydrocarbon processing water removal

Hydrogen sulfide-water exchange process (

Hydrogen water splitting processes

Hydrolysis water-free process

Hydrothermal processing process water, composition

Integrated processing water molecules

Liquid filtration process water treatment

Liquid water vibration process

Long Island Sound diagenetic processes near sediment-water

Membrane Processes and Reverse Osmosis for Water Purification

Membrane bioreactors separation processes, water

Membrane processes water treatment chart

Membrane-Separation Processes for Water Treatment

Metal water exchange process

Monitoring Technique for Water Treatment Membrane Processes

Natural Water Purification Processes

Optimization of processes for water recycling

Other Examples of Processes Using Water as a Solvent

Other Single Cycle Ion Exchange Processes in Water Treatment

PROCESS-WATER SYSTEM

PROCESSING OF BEVERAGES AND DRINKING WATER

Photochemical Processes of Water Treatment

Photoelectrochemical water splitting process

Plant siting and layout process water

Plutonium processing Water

Potable Water Chloramination Process Description

Potable Water Chlorination Process Description

Potable water disinfection process

Potable water process

Preform process water slurry

Pressurized water reactors liquid waste processing

Pressurized water reactors solid waste processing

Process Options for Water Reclamation

Process and potable water

Process cooling water system

Process efficiency, influences water matrix

Process water based

Process water building

Process water production

Process water production Productivity

Process water stripper

Process water treatment membrane processes

Process water, corrosion

Process-water control and instrument center

Processes That Affect Water Composition

Processes under Microwave Irradiation, High Pressure, and in Water

Processes water quench cast film process

Processing, thermoplastics water cooling

Recycled Process Water

Recycling process water in cooling

Resists water-processable

Scrubbing processes with water

Sediment-water interface, diagenetic processes near

Semiconductor plant ultrapure water production process

Separation Processes for Water Treatment

Skill 12.1o-Recognize that inorganic and organic compounds (e.g., water, salt, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) are essential to processes within living systems

Solid water treatment process monitoring

Spectrum and Dissociation Processes in Water Vapor

Supercooling process liquid water

Supercritical water industrial processes

Supercritical water oxidation and other destructive processes

Supercritical water oxidation process

Surface waters removal processes

Swiss Water Process

Temperature Water-Hydrogen Exchange Processes

Temperature Water-Hydrogen Sulfide Exchange Process

Treatment processes, drinking water

Tubular process water quench

Ultra-pure process water

Ultra-pure process water membrane processes

Ultrafiltration water treatment process flow

Utilities process water cost

Waste water recycling process integration

Waste water-treatment process

Water COALCONVERSION PROCESSES - CLEANING AND DESULFURI ZATION] (Vol

Water Column Processes

Water Dynamical Processes in the South China Sea

Water Purification Processes Classical and Modern

Water Remediation Processes

Water Removal in Direct Diphenyl Carbonate Process

Water activity food processing

Water and Solute Transport Processes

Water bath process

Water benign process technologies

Water decomposition conventional processes

Water decomposition thermochemical process

Water desalination process options

Water desalination processes

Water desalination reverse osmosis process

Water disinfection process

Water for biopharmaceutical processing

Water jet processing

Water pharmaceutical process

Water process pretreatment

Water process, gases stripped

Water processing

Water processing

Water purification processes

Water purification processes steps

Water purification, effluent treatment and recycling of industrial process streams

Water quality treatment processes

Water reclamation process options

Water removing during processing

Water solution process

Water sorption processes involved

Water sorption, processing effects

Water treatment photochemical processes

Water treatment process

Water treatment processes, dissolved

Water treatment processes, dissolved organic matter

Water treatment soda-lime process

Water vapor adsorption processing

Water wash processes

Water washing process

Water, process chemicals

Water-Based (Aqueous) Processing

Water-Processable Resists (Casting and Development)

Water-blown foam process

Water-catalyzed process

Water-catalyzed process mechanism

Water-free cleaning processes in closed, one-chamber vapor defluxing systems

Water-free cleaning processes using HFE (hydrofluoroethers) in combination with a cosolvent

Water-processable resist

Water-promoted processes

Water-quench blown film process

Water-quench cast film process

Water-slurry process

Water-soluble powders, from drying processes

Water-soluble powders, from drying processes formulations

Water-splitting process

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