Requirements and operation

Placing biocidal products on the market for research and development purposes will be permitted without authorisation. However, depending on the nature of the trial and the likely risk, information may have to be notified to or pre-assessed by the Competent Authority. 

Annex V of the Directive refers to product types and describes 23 such product types which cover the whole of the EU biocidal product market. Authorisations will be applicable and limited to one or more of these 23 product types and may also carry other conditions. These product types are also of relevance to the transitional measures. As has already been indicated, surfactants have been listed in most of the 23 types. 

Private area and public health area disinfectants and other biocidal products 

leather, rubber and polymerised material preservatives 

Insecticides, acaricides and products to control other arthropods 

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Typical energy requirement and operating condition are summarized in Table 4. 

This will depend upon the type of drive, the torque requirement and operations in hour per day etc. The subsequent deratings are the same for all manufacturers and we provide these in Table 8.5. 

Consider channels in a box form for the same requirements and operating conditions as for rectangular sections. 

Some typical data for this mouldability index are given in Figure 8.8. One limitation of these data is that they do not explicitly show whether or not a mould will fill in an injection moulding operation. This will clearly depend on the thickness of the moulding, the flow distances required and operational parameters such as melt and mould temperatures. One very crude estimate that is widely used is the flow path ratio, the ratio of flow distance to section thickness. The assumption is that if this is greater than the ratio (distance from gate to furthest point from gate)/section thickness, then the mould will fill. Whilst... 

Dry wire-pipe ESPs and other ESPs in general, because they act only on the particulate to be removed, and only minimally hinder flue gas flow, have very low pressure drops (typically less than 13 mm (0.5 in.) water column). As a result, energy requirements and operating costs tend to be low. They... 

Confirm and document that system is operating as to user s requirements and operation/ control I... 

Factors that impact the cost of an air stripping system include system design, emission controls, effluent treatment (if required), and operations and maintenance. The addition of an air treatment system roughly doubles the cost of an air stripping system (D164241, p. 7). 

Hardware evaluation tends to be less complex than software evaluation, and unless hardware is being designed and built specifically for the application it will generally comprise standard components with defined performance detail that can be evaluated relative to the functional requirements and operational specifications. This also applies to the measurement and control instrumentation. 

Using a Gasoline Sulfur Reduction Catalyst (GSR) in the FCC unit. Even if only partly successful, such a strategy would reduce S at a relatively low capital cost (no new unit required) and operating costs would be minimized... 

Safety Stations - Most process plants require safety showers and eye wash fountains strategically located in the process area. The number must be determined based on safety requirements and operating areas. This unit includes one safety shower, one eye wash fountain, 50 ft. of 3/4-in. carbon steel pipe and two 3/4-in. valves. Steam tracing, insulation, and lights are not included. 

The most common methods of paint applications are brush and roller, air or airless spray, roll coating, electrostatic spraying, electro deposition, and dip coating. Many factors affect the choice of method to be used for a particular application. These include film thickness, appearance requirements, and operating cost. 

TABLE 15.3. Gas Phase Adsorption Cycles, Steam Requirements, and Operation... 

One disadvantage with a multistage system is the high capital cost. It is necessary to have one recirculation pump per loop which drives the power requirements and operating costs much higher compared with the batch feed and bleed configuration. 

In all units certain performance requirements and operating characteristics are important. Flow capacity—measured usually in volumetric flow per unit time at a specified density—power requirements, and mechanical efficiency are obviously important. Reliability and ease of maintenance are also desirable. In small units, simplicity and trouble-free operation are more important than high mechanical efficiency with its savings of a few kilowatts of power. 

The CONCAWE RUFIT study (2) did include the determination of additional investment requirements and operating costs. The figures were not reported by they were found to be more or less the same, after inflation allowances, to those previously published by CONCAWE (4,5). 

A recent innovative machine-room-less traction elevator (ISIS) from ThyssenKrupp takes full advantage of the properties of p-aramid in the design of the hoist cable and associated traction sheaves [130-133]. The cable has three times the life of a steel rope, is smaller in size, and weighs 90% less than a steel rope at a comparable strength rating. The smaller size permits the use of smaller sheaves thereby decreasing torque requirements and operating costs. No lubrication is required because the inner strands are Teflon coated. Finally, the cable transmits less noise and provides a smoother, quieter ride. 

The PEFC stack design is strongly depending on the power level required and field of application intended. Voltage and current required from the application will determine the number of cells and the active area of the stack. Constraints of integration space, weight requirements, and operating conditions will have an influence on the pressure level, the stack is operated at, and the flow conditions that can be established. 

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