Erythema prevention

After the procedure, the patient is advised to use water-based lotion creams and potent sunscreens. The erythema gradually resolves over about a 2-month period. During this time, makeup foundation is encouraged. In patients with dark skin (Fitzpatrick skin type 3 or 4), the application of Kligman preparation is recommended to prevent reactive hyperpigmentation. Systemic Isotretinoin is required in some patients and can be prescribed as soon as 2-3 weeks after the procedure, if no other surgical intervention is planned in the near future. 

Skin Contact Don respiratory mask and gloves remove victim from source immediately and remove contaminated clothing decontaminate the skin immediately by flushing with a 5% solution of liquid household bleach wash off with soap and water after 3-4 min to remove decon agent and protect against erythema seek medical attention immediately to prevent systemic toxicity, decontamination should be done as late as 2 or 3 h after exposure even if it increases the severity of the local reaction further cleans with soap and water. 

Ultraviolet wavelengths of 290-310 nm from the UV-B band of radiation constitute the principal tissue-damaging rays of the sun, which are not fully atmospherically filtered. An hour s exposure to the summer sun and its damaging rays can produce a painful burn with a characteristic erythema. The skin has natural mechanisms to prevent or minimize such sun-induced trauma, but it takes time to set these into place. Upon... 

Therapeutic goals for seborrheic dermatitis are to loosen and remove scales, prevent yeast colonization, control secondary infections, and reduce itching and erythema. 

Erythema/ redness Induration/ sweUmg 2.5- 5 cm 2.5- 5 cm and does not interfere with activity 5.1- 10 cm 5.1- lOcm or interferes with activity >10 cm >10cm or prevents daily activity Necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis Necrosis... 

Anti-lymphocyte globulin (ALG) has been prepared as an highly purified solution of y-globulins with antilymphocyte activity by immunizing horses with human lymphocytes. It activates complement-mediated destruction of lymphocytes and thus decreases cellular immunity with only a limited effect on humoral immunity. Anti-lymphocyte globulin suppresses delayed type hypersensitivity reactions. It is used for the prevention and treatment of rejection episodes of transplanted organs. It also has some indication for the management of idiopathic aplastic anemia. Adverse effects include pain at the site of injection, erythema, serum sickness and rarely anaphylactic shock and thrombocytopenia. 

Clofazimine is given to treat sulfone-resistant leprosy or to patients who are intolerant to sulfones. It also exerts an antiinflammatory effect and prevents erythema nodosum leprosum, which can interrupt treatment with dapsone. This is a major advantage of clofazimine over other antileprosy drugs. Ulcerative lesions caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans respond well to clofazimine. It also has some activity against M. tuberculosis and can be used as last resort therapy for the treatment of MDR tuberculosis. 

Iran. The grain is taken orally for intestinal inflammation and administered rectally for diarrhea. The grain flour is used externally to reduce topical inflammation, to remove rash and erythema, and to treat genital irritation in children resulting from contact with urine, and it is mixed with talc powder to prevent dryness of the skin . ... 

Unlabeled Uses Prevention and treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, graft vs host reactions following bone marrow transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis treatment of Behget s syndrome, Crohn s disease, G1 bleeding, multiple myeloma, pruritus, recurrent aphthous ulcers in HIV patients, wasting syndrome associated with HIV or cancer... 

The irritant effect of acetaldehyde vapour, which is reported to cause coughing and a burning sensation in the nose, throat and eyes, usually prevents exposure to a level sufficient to cause depression of the central nervous system. A splash of liquid acetaldehyde was reported to cause a burning sensation, lachrymation and blurred vision. Prolonged periods of contact with the skin result in erythema and bums repeated contact may result in dermatitis, due either to primary irritation or to sensitization. 

Human Papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine (Gardasil) [Vaccine] Uses Prevent cervical CA, precancer-ous genital lesions, and genital warts d/t HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18 in females 9-26 y Action Recombinant vaccine, passive humoral immunity Dose 0.5 mL EM initial, then 2 and 6 mo observe for 15 min after, keep seated or lying down Caution [B, /-] Disp Inj SE Site Rxn (pain, erythema, swelling, pruritus), fever, fainting w/ administration Interactions W/ immunosuppressants, may get decreased response EMS Convulsive syncope (fainting associated w/ Sz -like activity) OD Unlikely... 

The main dose-limiting toxicity of all anthracyclines is myelosuppression, with neutropenia more commonly observed than thrombocytopenia. In some cases, mucositis is dose-limiting. Two forms of cardiotoxicity are observed. The acute form occurs within the first 2-3 days and presents as arrhythmias or conduction abnormalities, other electrocardiographic changes, pericarditis, and myocarditis. This form is usually transient and is asymptomatic in most cases. The chronic form results in a dose-dependent, dilated cardiomyopathy associated with heart failure. The chronic cardiac toxicity appears to result from increased production of free radicals within the myocardium. This effect is rarely seen at total doxorubicin dosages below 500-550 mg/m2. Use of lower weekly doses or continuous infusions of doxorubicin appear to reduce the incidence of cardiac toxicity. In addition, treatment with the iron-chelating agent dexrazoxane (ICRF-187) is currently approved to prevent or reduce anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in women with metastatic breast cancer who have received a total cumulative dose of doxorubicin of 300 mg/m2. All anthracyclines can produce "radiation recall reaction," with erythema and desquamation of the skin observed at sites of prior radiation therapy. 

Although the incidence of adverse reactions to mupirocin is typically low (occurring in less than 1.5% of patients), several local side effects such as burning, stinging, pain, erythema, and contact dermatitis have been reported. Resistance to mupirocin has been reported but is not common. Some strains of bacteria have a low level of resistance but succumb to high-dose of mupirocin.14 Due to this fact, it should be handled with extreme care, especially as prophylactic use, in order to prevent further resistance. 

The SLS is frequently used to induce experimental irritant dermatitis. The reaction is characterized by erythema, increased TEWL, and scaliness. Susceptibility to SLS irritation can be used as an assay for the prevention of irritant reaction by moisturizers.23-25... 

Clofazimine has a leprostatic action and an antiinflammatory effect that prevents erythema nodosum leprosum. It causes gastrointestinal symptoms. Reddish discolouration of the skin and other cutaneous lesions also occur, and may persist for months after the drug has been stopped. The t) is 70 days. 

Until recently, there has been little research into anthrax vaccines, other than that carried out for anti-bacteriological warfare purposes by the military. Currently, three human vaccines against Bacillus anthracis (produced in Russia, the UK, and the USA) are commercially available. The results of two field trials of two vaccines produced in Russia and the USA have been analysed (2). The US killed vaccine was 93% effective in preventing cases of anthrax, and the Russian live attenuated vaccine afforded 75% protection when given by scarification and 84% when a jet-gun was used. The rates of local reactions (erythema, induration, and edema) and systemic reactions (fever, malaise, arthralgia, rash, headache) after the US vaccine were 5.75 and 0.4% respectively, compared with 0.54% local reactions and no systemic reactions after placebo. Adverse effects data on the Russian vaccine were not presented. 

Qofazimine is weakly bactericidal against Mycobacterium leprae. It is active in chronic skin ulcers (BuruU ulcer) and partly against Mycobacterium avium intraceUulare. The usual adult dosage is 50-100 mg/day. At higher doses, its anti-inflammatory effect seems to prevent the development of acute reactions, such as erythema nodosum leprosum. 

Subcutaneous interferon alfa sometimes causes local erythema and skin induration, which can be prevented by regularly changing the site of injection. Isolated reports have described more severe local reactions, with inflammatory painful nodules, purpuric papules and vasculitis, local ulceration, and injection site necrosis (SED-13 1095) (SEDA-20, 330) (SEDA-21, 372) (SEDA-22, 402). Despite previous findings, even patients receiving low-dose interferon alfa can have severe injection site reactions. A localized intradermal bullous eruption, which recurred following each interferon alfa injection, was also reported (283). 

Synthetic tin protoporphyrin is a specific inhibitor of heme oxygenase and reduces plasma bilirubin concentrations in both adults and neonates, thereby preventing jaundice (1-3). A variety of heme analogues, such as tin, zinc, chromium, and manganese metalloporphyrins, act by competitive inhibition of cleavage of heme to biliver-din and carbon monoxide. Stannic porphyrins seem to be the most effective. The adverse effects are few, with only occasional erythema attributable to the phototoxicity of the metalloporphyrins. 

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