Wasting syndrome

SIADH (should distinguish between cerebral salt-wasting syndrome in which patients are volume-contracted)... 

Cachexia is a severe wasting syndrome that is seen in many cancer patients. Although it is more common in advanced disease, it... 

Cardiac cachexia Physical wasting with loss of weight and muscle mass caused by cardiac disease a wasting syndrome that causes weakness and a loss of weight, fat, and muscle. 

Suggested Alternatives for Differential Diagnosis African swine fever, salmonellosis, erysipelas, anticoagulant poisoning, and hemolytic disease of the newborn, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, pseudorabies, parvovirus, and border disease. 

Seefeld, M.D., S.W. Corbett, R.E. Keesey, and R.E. Peterson. 1984. Characterization of the wasting syndrome in rats treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 73 311-322. 

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Salmonella septicemia, recurrent Toxoplasmosis of brain Wasting syndrome due to HIV... 

Uno, S., et. al., Cyplal(-/-) male mice Protection against high dose TCDD-induced lethality and wasting syndrome, and resistance to intrahepatocyte lipid accumulation and urophorhyria, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 196, 410, 2004. 

The major 1987 changes were to include patients with laboratory evidence of HIV infection and also have HIV encephalopathy, HIV wasting syndrome, and one of the range of AIDS-indicating diseases (cancers and opportunistic infections), provided immunodeficiency for other causes is excluded. 

Animal studies have shown that oral exposure to FireMaster PBB causes a wasting syndrome characterized by progressive decreased weight gain, with immediate moderate to severe body weight loss generally preceding death." ... 

AIDS wasting syndrome (suspension only) - Treatment of anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained significant weight loss in patients with a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 

AIDS wasting syndrome (suspension only) - Initial dose is 800 mg/day (20 mL/day) daily doses of 400 and 800 mg/day were found to be clinically effective. Shake container well before using. 

Conditions where a presumptive diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical signs or simple investigations HIV wasting syndrome Pneumocystis pneumonia... 

Unlabeled Uses AIDS wasting syndrome, alcoholic hepatitis, burns. Turner syndrome... 

Unlabeled Uses Prevention and treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, graft vs host reactions following bone marrow transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis treatment of Behget s syndrome, Crohn s disease, G1 bleeding, multiple myeloma, pruritus, recurrent aphthous ulcers in HIV patients, wasting syndrome associated with HIV or cancer... 

In laboratory animals, TCDD administered in suitable doses has produced a wide variety of toxic effects, including a wasting syndrome (severe weight loss accompanied by reduction of muscle mass and adipose tissue), thymic atrophy, epidermal changes, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, effects on reproduction and development, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity. The effects observed in workers involved in the manufacture of 2,4,5-T (and therefore presumably exposed to TCDD) consisted of contact dermatitis and chloracne. In severely TCDD-intoxicated patients, discrete chloracne may be the only manifestation. 

This formula can tonify Qi, generate body fluid, moisten dryness and relieve thirst. It treats thirst and wasting syndrome, a syndrome known as diabetes in western medicine. It is caused by Yin deficiency of the Kidney, Stomach and Lung. When dryness occurs in the Stomach, the Qi is too weak to spread the fluid, and excessive thirst appears. Heat consumes the Qi and can directly lead to lassitude and shortness of breath. If the Kidney fails to control the Bladder and is unable to separate clean fluid from turbid, patients may pass large amounts of turbid urine frequently. Yin and Qi deficiency often show in a red tongue with a thin and dry coating, and a weak and thready pulse. 

According to the CDC, the diagnosis of AIDS constitutes certain opportunistic infections, neoplasms, encephalopathy or wasting syndrome in the presence of HIV infection. In 1993, the CDC expanded the criteria to also include CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/p,l in the presence of HIV infection. The most common opportunistic infections includepneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonitis, toxoplasmosis, mycobacterial disease, recurrent herpes simplex virus infection and/or cytomegalovirus infection. Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common form of cancer. HIV-related nervous system diseases include acute septic meningitis, AIDS dementia complex, subacute encephalitis, HIV encephalopathy and CNS opportunistic infections and neoplasm. 

Kong A, Edmonds P. Testosterone therapy in HIV wasting syndrome systematic review and metaanalysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002 2 692-699. 

Body Weight Effects. A characteristic effect of exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD in animals is the wasting syndrome. This is observed following exposure in all duration categories. 

As summarized above, body weight effects were consistently observed in all species exposed to CDDs. Effects occurred after intermittent exposure by gavage and after exposure in a diet. In acute- and intermediate-duration exposure experiments, the wasting syndrome seemed to be the primary cause of death. 

As discussed in the introduction to Section 2.1, there are a number of limitations in the human database for most health effects, the data are inadequate to assess the potential for humans having a particular effect. Because the human data are incomplete, hazard and risk must be extrapolated across species. A large number of adverse effects have been observed in animals, and most have been observed in every experimental animal species tested, if the appropriate dose is administered. This is illustrated in Table 2-8 for 8 major effects associated with CDD toxicity (acute lethality, hepatotoxicity, wasting syndrome, chloracne, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and cancer). With the exception of acute lethality in humans, positive responses have been observed in each tested species, when a response has been investigated. Despite the similarities in hazard response between different species, large species differences in sensitivity have been observed. Comparisons of species sensitivity demonstrate that no species is consistently sensitive or refractory for all effects and, for some effects,... 

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