Water test

The effective saturation depth,, represents the depth of water under which the total pressure (hydrostatic plus atmospheric) would produce a saturation concentration equal to for water ia contact with air at 100% relative humidity. This can be calculated usiag the above equation, based on a spatial average value of T, measured by a clean water test. For design purposes,, can be estimated from clean water test results on similar systems, and it can range from 5 to 50% of tank Hquid depth. Effective depth values for coarse bubble diffused air, fine bubble diffused air, and low speed surface aerators are 26 to 34%, 21 to 44%, and 5 to 7%, of the Hquid depth, respectively. 

Water Tests. In colorfastness to water, ISO 10S-E01, the test specimen is placed in contact with the chosen adjacent fabrics, immersed in water, and placed wet between glass plates and left for 4 h at 37°C. After drying, the effect on the test specimen and stain on adjacents are assessed. The test, colorfastness to seawater, ISO 10S-E02, is the same as EOl but uses 30 g/L anhydrous sodium chloride solution instead of water. To test for colorfastness to chlorinated seawater/swimming baths water, ISO 10S-E03, the specimen is immersed in sodium hypochlorite solution containing either 100, 50, or 20 mg of active chlorine per Hter at pH 7.5 for 1 h at 27°C, rinsed, dried, and assessed. 

Eor colorfastness to perspiration, ISO 10S-E04, the specimen is immersed in a solution of 0.5 g/L of 1-histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate and 5 g/L sodium chloride buffered to either pH 8.0 (alkaH perspiration test) or pH 5.5 (acid perspiration test) in a dish at 50 1 Hquor-to-goods ratio, at room temperature for 30 min. The specimen is removed and, as in the water test EOl, left for 4 h between plates at 37°C before drying and assessing both test piece and adjacents. 

European Norm EN 1087-1, Wood particleboard. Determination of resistance to humidity. Boiling water test, 1997. 

In the case of a closed water system, once the correct water treatment is provided, the incidence of microbiological fouling or corrosion is virtually eliminated, provided that the addition of fresh water is not a frequent occurrence. It is, however, essential to have water tests carried out at regular intervals by a water laboratory. 

Kaltwasser-bad. n. cold-water bath, -farbe,/. cold-water color or paint, -probe, /. cold-water test. -Strom, m. stream or current of cold water. 

Figure 32.26 demonstrates a well-known method of correcting for fluid change from water for a centrifugal pump. This allows an engineer to predict change in performance if the kinematic viscosity of the liquid to be pumped is known and the water test data are available. 

Type of water Test authority Test site Test dura- tion (years) Average general penetration (mm/y)... 

The austenitic irons have also been shown to exhibit better corrosion resistance than the ferritic irons in sea-water. Tests over long periods of time have shown that Ni-Resist irons of Types 1, 2 and 3 corrode at rates of 0 020 to 0-058 mmy in relatively quiet sea-water. Under similar conditions low alloy cast irons have shown corrosion rates ranging from 0-066 to 0-53 mmy" . The Ni-Resist irons maintain this superiority over a wide variety of conditions (Figs. 3.49 and 3.50) both in stationary and flowing sea-water. In a test lasting 740 days in sea-water moving at l-5m/s low... 

Wooden racks used in sea-water tests are likely to be subject to severe damage by marine borers. The wood used, therefore, must be treated with an effective preservative, for example creosote applied under pressure, if the test is to extend for several years. Organic copper compound preservatives may suffice for shorter tests, for example 2 or 3 years. Since the leaching of such preservatives may have some effects on corrosion, metal racks fitted with porcelain or plastics insulators have an advantage over wooden racks. 

Cooling water test units incorporating heat transfer surfaces... 

Data was collected over a two-year period on the effect of water on DuPont s Zytel 101. In an Arrhenius plot of this data the failure point was the time when the elongation and impact strength started to decrease. This is not a chemical degradation, but rather a permeation or diffusion rate phenomenon. It shows that high temperature water tests can be used to predict normal temperature exposure results. 

Calculation to determine xgL found in water test samples by linear regression analysis ... 

Katz, Larry. Pool water pH, Pool Wizard Web site. Available online. URL http //www.havuz.org/pool pool/pool maintenance/ water testing/ph.htm. Accessed on March 14,2008. 

Builders should be aware that wells can be a potential problem. The only way to ensure that a well is not a potential radon source is to have the water tested after the well is drilled. It is not adequate to make a decision based on tests made in wells in the same area or even on adjoining building sites. A recent research project disclosed two homes with water radon concentrations of over 400,000 pCi/L, while the well used at a house between the two had waterborne radon concentrations of less than 1000 pCi/L.18 It should be understood that, when considering waterborne radon, the concentrations that concern us are much higher than when we are considering radon in the air. As a rule of thumb, between 8000 and 10,000 pCi/L of radon in the water will contribute 1 pCi/L of radon to the air. 

A pyrotechnic mixture of aluminium powder with potassium perchlorate, barium nitrate, potassium nitrate and water exploded after 24 h storage under water. Tests revealed the exothermic interaction of finely divided aluminium with nitrate and water to produce ammonia and aluminium hydroxide. Under the conditions prevailing in the stored mixture, the reaction would be expected to accelerate, finally involving the perchlorate as oxidant and causing ignition of the mixture. 

The bromine water test is somewhat more satisfactory for pure tryptophane than the glyoxylic acid test. Hydrogen sulfide may interfere (owing to sulfur formation) and must be boiled out first. The solution to be tested must be acid with acetic acid. 

Urbino, G.A. I am, J.C. 2005. Mindanao geothermal production field water test report. PNOC-EDC internal report. 

Efficient water usage for hazard protected. Periodic water testing may accelerate or induce corrosion of protected equipment. 

Hydrocarbon Testing Laboratories (including Oil or Water Testing, Darkrooms, etc.)... 

M272 Water Testing Kit A lightweight portable kit used to detect and identify dangerous levels of common chemical warfare agents in raw and treated water in about seven minutes. It is a test water sampler and is not a continuous monitor. Each kit includes twenty-five tests for each agent. 

Water Test. It is also alleged by the street dealers, that a determination can be made as to how much cut is in the cocaine by placing the powdered substance in a glass of water. The cocaine will dissolve almost immediately leaving the remaining cut which normally will dissolve slower and not as clear. 

Obtain dropper bottles containing 50% (by volume) solutions of acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. Repeat steps 2 and 3 using acetic acid in place of water, testing all those for which water gave an I. Then repeat with hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. Repeat finally with nitric acid, but only for those for which acetic, hydrochloric, and sulfuric acids gave an I. 

Based on data obtained from the EPA STORET database, the mean cyanide concentration in most surface waters tested in the United States is not >3.5 pg/L (Fiksel et al. 1981) however, 37 of 50 states (74%) have locales where cyanide concentrations in ambient water are >3.5 pg/L. Areas with levels >200 pg/L... 

When the hydrolysis is complete carefully wash out the condenser with 10-12 c.c. of water. Then distil up to 5 c.c. of liquid into a small conical quartz flask. Use the condenser in the downward position and if necessary add a few boiling capillaries to the liquid in the flask. Repeat the distillation three more times, each time adding 7 c.c. of water. Test the distillate (volume about 20 c.c.) with some barium chloride for sulphuric acid (none should be present), boil for seven to eight seconds and titrate at once with 0-033 N sodium hydroxide solution 1 from a micro-burette having 0-02 c.c. scale-divisions. Use phenolphthalein as indicator and continue the titration until the colour becomes just pink and remains so for a few seconds. For the second titration distil 2 x 7 or 3 x 7 c.c. and for the third and fourth titrations only about 7 c.c. on each occasion. 

Records include materials transfer records, batch records, materials/inter-mediates/finished product test records, shipping records, water test records, and environmental test records. They provide an audit trail for reviewing all the information related to the production of any batch of drug product. The data are required to be reviewed for product release. 

Under quite precise conditions (angle of incidence, positioning, temperature, water vapour, surface water. ..), tests can be done by exposure ... 

TABLE 2 Kele and Guiochon Test Result for Symmetry C g Using the Waters Test... 

When a generator is driven by an HPRT on a gas-rich process stream, the generator should be generously sized. The output power of HPRTs can be as much as 20 to 30 percent or more over that predicted by water tests, as a result of the effects of evolved gas or flashed liquid. 

E.4.4 It may be useful to verify the overspeed trip setting for the HPRT at the manufactnrer s test facility. Determining the runaway speed during a water test may be considered, but this speed can be accurately calculated once performance with water is known. Rnnaway speed for gas rich-steams cannot be determined by water tests. 

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