5. Typhimurium

Salmonella heidelberg S. montevideo S. typhimurium S. enteritidis Sarcina lutea Serratia marcescens... 

Physicochemical properties requked include melting/boiling point, vapor pressure, solubiUty, and flammabiUty/explosion characteristics. The toxicological studies include acute toxicity tests, oral, inhalation, and dermal skin and eye kritation skin sensiti2ation subacute toxicity, oral, inhalation, and dermal and mutagenicity tests. In vitro reverse mutation assay (Ames test) on Salmonella typhimurium and/or E.scherichia coli and mammalian cytogenic test. In vivo mouse micronucleus test. 

Pyruvate kinase isoenzymes (from Salmonella typhimurium) [9001-59-6] Mr 64,000, [EC 2.7.1.40], amorphous. Purified by (NH4)2S04 fractionation and gel filtration, ion-exchange and affinity chromatography. [Garcia-Olalla and Garrido-Pertierra Sioc/iem 7 241573 1987.]... 

Hyde, C.C., et al. Three-dimensional structure of the tryptophan synthase az pz multienzyme complex from Salmonella typhimurium. J. Biol. Chem. 263 17857-17871, 1988. 

We are greatly indebted to S. J. Angyal, J. E. Courtois, G. E. McCasland, M. Nakajima, and T. Postemak for gifts of the cyclohexanepentols mentioned, and to A. M. Staub and G. Bagdian who provided us with the polysaccharide material from Salmonella typhimurium. 

A comprehensive summary of these enzyme families is beyond the scope of this chapter, but a few examples are worth emphasis. The Class I adenylyl cyclases of the enterobacteria Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia pestis, and Escherichia coli are membrane bound yet sequences do not give ready evidence of typical... 

Anthranilatesynthase-phosphoribosyltransferase Salmonella typhimurium, 6,582 Anthranilic acid in gravimetry, 1,530 metal complexes, 2, 795 synthesis... 

Salmonella typhimurium, 6,582 esters, nickel(II) complexes hydrolysis, 6, 424... 

Acute oral toxicity (rat)3 Ames mutagenicity screening test (Salmonella typhimurium)... 

Thiamine was biosynthesized by resting cells of S. typhimurium strain thilO/T-ath-383, which can synthesize thiamine from exogenous glucose, AIRs, and thiazole.54 Derepression was achieved by conventional means. The organism was cultivated in the presence of a suboptimal amount of thiamine (20 nM), the washed cells were resuspended in a minimal medium containing glucose (10 mM), thiazole (1-2 mM), and labeled AIRs (10 p,M). During the incubation (1.5 hours 37°C), the level of thiamine diphosphate in the cells had risen from about 0.04 to 0.5 nmol/mg. In work with molecules labeled with stable isotopes, thiamine was extracted and cleaved by ethanethiol to 4-amino-5-(ethyl-... 

Scheme 30.—Correspondence between ribose and pyramine carbon atoms in the biosynthesis by S. typhimurium.

Scheme 31.—Correspondence between the nitrogen atoms of AIRs and those of pyramine in S. typhimurium.

Christman, M.F., Morgan,R.W., Jacobson, F.S., Ames, B. (1985). Positive control of a regulon for defenses against oxidative stress and some heat shock proteins in Salmonella typhimurium. Cell 41, 753-762. 

When methyl parathion was tested in Salmonella typhimurium, eontradictory results were reported with or without using metabolie aetivation (Rashid and Mumma 1984 Shigaeva and Savitskaya 1981 Waters... 

Salmonella typhimurium/plate Reverse mutation — — Waters et al. 1982 ... 

S. cerevisiae (D3)/plate incorporation S. cerevisiae (D7)/spot test S. typhimurium Mammalian cells ... 

Three examples concerning toxicity of heterogeneous data sets are given below. The first [50] relates to mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium of aromatic and heteroaromatic nitro-compounds ... 

Salmonella typhi is the causal organism of typhoid fever, Sal. paratyphi causes paratyphoid fever, whilst Sal. typhimurium, Sal. enteritidis and very many other closely related organisms are a cause of bacterial food poisoning. 

Particular strains of salmonellae (section 4.2) such as Sal. typhi, Sal. paratyphi and Sal. typhimurium are able not only to penetrate into intestinal epithelial cells and produce exotoxins but also to penetrate beyond into subepithelial tissues. These organisms therefore produce, in addition to the usual symptoms of salmonellosis, a characteristic systemic disease (typhoid and enteric fever). Following recovery frxm such infection the organism is commonly found associated with the gall bladder, hi this state, the recovered person will excrete the organism and form a reservoir for the infection of others. 

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