Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay mutations

G. Kalopissis, Mutat. Res., 246, 45 (1991). Structure-Activity Relationships of Aromatic Amines in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium Assay. 

Fuel oil no. 2 gave borderline positive results for mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay. It was mutagenic to mouse lymphoma cells in forward mutation assays. Another sample did not induce mutation in bacteria or algae a sample of marine diesel fuel and aliphatic and aromatic fractions of an unspecified diesel fuel were also non-mutagenic to bacteria. 

Much toxicological data are available on this red pigment acute oral toxicity in mice, 90-day subchronic toxicological study, acute dermal irritation and corrosion, acute eye irritation and corrosion, anti-tumor effectiveness, micronucleus test in mice, AMES test Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay), estimation of antibiotic activity, and results of estimation of five mycotoxins. A new patent on Arpink Red was filed in 2001 with claims of anti-cancer effects of the anthraquinone derivatives and apphcations in the food and pharmaceutical fields. 

Assays for Gene Mutations Salmonella Typhimurium reverse mutation assay (Ames test, / ... 

The bacterial and mammalian cell assays for gene mutation were developed to measure statistically significant increases in the numbers of mutant colonies derived from rare events many millions of exposed cells must be plated out to allow the assessment of mutation frequency. The Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay ( Ames test) is carried out in a variety of different mutant strains selected to identify the various classes of mutation. The test generates many hundreds of Petri dishes for counting and is not practical for profiling. 

Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP, XXVIII) is a powerful human cell mutagen in strain hlAlv2, 7 times more potent than BaP (Durant et al., 1996 Hannigan et al., 1998), and a strong promutagen in both the Ames Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Eisenstadt and Gold, 1978) and the Salmonella typhimurium strain TM677 forward mutation assay (Kaden et al.., 1979) ... 

Barber ED, Donish WH, Mueller KR. 1981. A procedure for the quantitative measurement of the mutagenicity of volatile liquids in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium microsome assay. Mutat Res 90 31 8. 

Physicochemical properties requked include melting/boiling point, vapor pressure, solubiUty, and flammabiUty/explosion characteristics. The toxicological studies include acute toxicity tests, oral, inhalation, and dermal skin and eye kritation skin sensiti2ation subacute toxicity, oral, inhalation, and dermal and mutagenicity tests. In vitro reverse mutation assay (Ames test) on Salmonella typhimurium and/or E.scherichia coli and mammalian cytogenic test. In vivo mouse micronucleus test. 

The mutagenic potential of diisopropyl methylphosphonate was investigated using the Ames assay. The compound was obtained from two different sources and tested on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA-1535, TA-1537, TA-1538, TA-98, and TA-100, both with and without S-9 activation. The compound did not demonstrate mutagenic activity in any of the assays (Hart 1980). Diisopropyl methylphosphonate was also negative for gene mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hart 1980). 

Prokaryotic organisms Salmonella typhimurium (Ames assay) Gene mutation — FMC 1992b Durad 550B... 

Ecoflex (powder) was tested for its mutagenic potential on the basis of its ability to induce point mutations in several bacterial strains Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coll) in a reverse mutation assay (Ames test), according to OECD guideline 471. Results revealed that the polyester is not mutagenic to bacteria. 

Cote C, Blaise C, Delisle CE, et al. A miniaturized Ames mutagenicity assay employing bioluminescent strains of Salmonella typhimurium. Mutat Res. 1995,345(3-4) 137-146. 

Phosphine has been reported as negative for induction of reverse gene mutations up to cytotoxic doses in the Ames assay Salmonella typhimurium). Increased chromosomal aberrations were reported in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to 2500 and 5000 ppm of phosphine without activation with the S9 fraction. Chromosomal aberrations in CHOs were also reported in cells tested with S9 activation at 2500 ppm, but not 5000 ppm. 

JP-4 was tested in the same battery of tests as those described for JP-8, with very similar results (positive solely in the WI-38-cell UDS assay) (Brusick and Matheson 1978b). JP-5 was not mutagenic in the Ames-type reverse-mutation as say in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537,TA97,TA98, and TA100 in the presence or absence of metabolic activation with rat or hamster liver S9 (NTP 1986). 

Thompson, P.W. (2005) tVS5 Pure reverse mutation assay Ames test" using Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Unpublished report prepared by SafePharm Laboratories, Derbyshire, United Kingdom, for the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC, USA. Submitted to WHO by the International Organization of the Flavor Industry, Brussels, Belgium (SPL Project No. 1044/068). 

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