Sarcina lutea

Salmonella heidelberg S. montevideo S. typhimurium S. enteritidis Sarcina lutea Serratia marcescens... 

One unit of bacitracin USP is defined as the activity given by 26 micrograms of the dried FDA master standard. The USP requirement for commercial bacitracin is a potency of at least 40 units per milligram in a bioassay with Micrococcusflavus or Sarcina lutea. Pure bacitracin A has a potency of about 100 units per milligram. Standards for animal feed grades of bacitracin are available (71,81,82) as are analytical methods (67). 

Linearly annelated esters, acids, and hydroxamic acids 132 showed antibacterial and anticarcinogenic activities (doses 0.2-2.0 g/day) [80JAP(K)2, 81JAP(K)1], whereas angularly annelated 133 has demonstrated MIC against Staphyloccocus aureus, Streptococcus biogenes, and Sarcina lutea (79JAP(K)I). 

Mathews-Roth M. M. and Krinsky N. I. (1970). Studies on the protective function of the carotenoid pigments of Sarcina lutea. Photochem Photobiol 11(6) 419 -28. 

The Swiss Pharmacopeia utilizes an agar diffusion assay with Sarcina lutea 1 1. ... 

The assay of carbenicillin in biological fluids presents problems in that it may be accompanied by traces of benzylpenicillin (probably arising by a-decarboxylation of carbenicillin) to which the usual test organism, Sarcina lutea, is extremely... 

C-5 epimers of 6,7-didehydro-5,6,5, 6 -tetrahydro-)3,/3-carotene-3,5,3 5, 6 -pentol (15), isolated as minor constituents of a sample of neoxanthin [5, 6 -epoxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,5, 6 -tetrahydro-j8,j8-carotene-3,5,3 -triol (16)] from Trollius europaeus, may be artefacts. In Sarcina lutea, sarcinaxanthin [2,2 -bis-(4-... 

Sarcina lutea Juteus) ATCC 9341 in cylinder plate of inhibition 129 ... 

The Sarcina lutea test is the official US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) test for detecting penicillin residues in milk and dairy products (41). In this test, milk samples are placed in stainless steel cylinders on an agar plate seeded with Sarcina lutea ATCC 9341. As milk diffuses into the agar, inhibitors prevent the growth of the organism, causing a zone the width of which is a measure of the antibiotic concentration. The test is sensitive to about 0.006 g/ ml penicillin G, and confirmation of positive results can be performed by the addition of penicillinase. 

In the six-plate test, the sample is brought in a punch hole or a paper disc on each of the six test plates that have been inoculated with Bacillus cereus. Bacillus subtilis (pH 6), Bacillus subtilis (pH 8), Sarcina lutea, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus stearothermophilus, respectively (33). Once the samples have been introduced, the plates are incubated for the required time at the required temperature. If, on one of the plates, a zone of inhibition of 1.0 mm is observed around the disks or holes, the result of the test is considered positive, provided that interferences have been excluded. 

Another kidney prescreening procedure or emergency slaughtered animals is the Sarcina lutea kidney test (102), which has been in use in Netherlands since... 

In this test, an incision is made in sample kidneys into which paper discs are inserted and left for 30-60 min. The moistened discs are placed on agar plates seeded with Sarcina lutea ATCC 9341. The test is highly sensitive for penicillin but shows moderate sensitivity to sulfonamides, tetracyclines, macrolides, and aminoglycosides (103). It is insensitive to chloramphenicol (104). 

Initial studies on sulfonamides (114) were limited to qualitative assessment of the occurrence of sulfamerazine residues in muscle and interior organs of rainbow trout using Sarcina lutea (ATCC 9341) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538P) as test organisms. The method involved application of fish fluids... 

Microbiological methods reported for detection of erythromycin in fish are based either on a cylinder plate assay using Sarcina lutea (ATCC 9341) (122),... 

Lincomycin has been produced by a variety of Streptnmyces strains and by strain 1146 of Actinomyces roseolus. Extraction by standard procedures osing Sarcina lutea as the assay organism on agar trays leads to a crystalline hydrochloride having molecular formula C(d 1mNO,S 11( . I, (). 

The fermentation batches are incubated aerobically under stirring at 28°-30°C. At intervals the antibiotic activity is assayed microbiologically by the agar diffusion method using Sarcina lutea as the test organism. The maximum activity is reached after 96-120 h of fermentation. 

Jones25 described the isolation of bacterial nucleic acids from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, My. phlei, and Sarcina lutea by precipitation with the... 

S. aureus (SA) JOSS B. subtilis X-12 Sarcina lutea X-186 Proteus vulgaris X-4S... 

Quinones.—Four menaquinone (139) homologues from Sarcina lutea have been identified as dihydromenaquinones-6, -7, -8, and -9. A novel quinone from bulbs and leaves of Iris is thought to be related to plastoquinone-9 (140) but to have a modified ring methylation pattern.No chemical data were reported. The distribution of ubiquinone (141) homologues in a number of Gram-negative bacteria has been surveyed.The biosynthesis of menaquinones and related quinones has been reviewed. The molecular structure and electronic properties of ubiquinone have been studied by semi-empirical molecular orbital theory. 

Microbiological assay by the agar plate diffusion method with a sensitive strain of an organism such as Sarcina lutea or Bacillus subtilis has been used to assay amoxicillin in biofluids [179,180,181], However, this lengthy and not very sensitive method has been largely superceded by chromatographic or chemical methods. 

A microbiological assay was described for lincomycin in animal feed using an agar diffusion assay and an agar slant of Sarcina Lutea ATCC No. 9341 as the test organism for the analysis of lincomycin (42). 

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