Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay

Nonylphenol was not mutagenic in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay." A threshold limit value-time weighted average (TLV-TWA) has not heen established for nonylphenol. 

FIGURE 10.20 Seasonal concentrations of benzol a Jpyrene (ng m-1) and direct (-S9 mix) and indirect ( + S9 mix) mutagenicities (rev m 3) on TA98, Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay with the preincubation procedure of Yahagi et al. (1977) of ambient aerosols collected annually during the winter, spring, summer, and autumn for 18 years (1974-1992) in Sapporo, Japan (adapted from Matsumoto et al., 1998). 

The Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay [3, 21-26] is the most widely used test to evaluate the mutagenic activity of xenobiotic compounds. The assay serves as a quick and relatively inexpensive test to estimate the carcinogenic potential of a compound. It makes use of a variety of bacterial strains to screen compounds for... 

G. Kalopissis, Mutat. Res., 246, 45 (1991). Structure-Activity Relationships of Aromatic Amines in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium Assay. 

Although aniline per se is not mutagenic in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay system, the urine of rats that received aniline orally was mutagenic for S. typhimurium when the assay was performed in the presence of liver microsomes from PCB-induced rats. Aniline is positive in the in vitro sister chromatid... 

Fuel oil no. 2 gave borderline positive results for mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay. It was mutagenic to mouse lymphoma cells in forward mutation assays. Another sample did not induce mutation in bacteria or algae a sample of marine diesel fuel and aliphatic and aromatic fractions of an unspecified diesel fuel were also non-mutagenic to bacteria. 

Wei C-l, Raabe OG, Kimble BJ. 1984. Mutagenicity studies of size-fractionated oil fly ash in the ames Salmonella typhimurium assay. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 32 179-186. 

Mutagenicity. The mutagenicity of nitro PAHs has been studied most extensively in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay ( 5). The mutagenicities of representative nitro PAHs in this assay are shown in Table I. Some of the more important features regarding their mutagenicity can be summarized as follows ... 

FIGURE 10.14 Diagram of procedure for the standard Ames Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay for chemical mutagens (Maron and Ames, 1983). 

Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP, XXVIII) is a powerful human cell mutagen in strain hlAlv2, 7 times more potent than BaP (Durant et al., 1996 Hannigan et al., 1998), and a strong promutagen in both the Ames Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Eisenstadt and Gold, 1978) and the Salmonella typhimurium strain TM677 forward mutation assay (Kaden et al.., 1979) ... 

TA100 see article) without S9 mix ( —S9, direct activity) and with added S9 (+ S9, indirect activity, promutagens) using a preincubation procedure (Yahagi et al., 1977) of the Ames Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Ames et al., 1975 Maron and Ames, 1983). 

Azathioprine gave positive results in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay, both with and without metabolic activation, in the TAIOO strain. Negative results were found for the TA98 strain under similar test conditions. Azathioprine has been shown to induce chromosomal aberrations in human and rabbit lymphocytes in vitro, however, it did not induce sister chromatid exchanges in either... 

Barber ED, Donish WH, Mueller KR. 1981. A procedure for the quantitative measurement of the mutagenicity of volatile liquids in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium microsome assay. Mutat Res 90 31 8. 

Physicochemical properties requked include melting/boiling point, vapor pressure, solubiUty, and flammabiUty/explosion characteristics. The toxicological studies include acute toxicity tests, oral, inhalation, and dermal skin and eye kritation skin sensiti2ation subacute toxicity, oral, inhalation, and dermal and mutagenicity tests. In vitro reverse mutation assay (Ames test) on Salmonella typhimurium and/or E.scherichia coli and mammalian cytogenic test. In vivo mouse micronucleus test. 

Much toxicological data are available on this red pigment acute oral toxicity in mice, 90-day subchronic toxicological study, acute dermal irritation and corrosion, acute eye irritation and corrosion, anti-tumor effectiveness, micronucleus test in mice, AMES test Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay), estimation of antibiotic activity, and results of estimation of five mycotoxins. A new patent on Arpink Red was filed in 2001 with claims of anti-cancer effects of the anthraquinone derivatives and apphcations in the food and pharmaceutical fields. 

The mutagenic potential of diisopropyl methylphosphonate was investigated using the Ames assay. The compound was obtained from two different sources and tested on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA-1535, TA-1537, TA-1538, TA-98, and TA-100, both with and without S-9 activation. The compound did not demonstrate mutagenic activity in any of the assays (Hart 1980). Diisopropyl methylphosphonate was also negative for gene mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hart 1980). 

Prokaryotic organisms Salmonella typhimurium (Ames assay) Gene mutation — FMC 1992b Durad 550B... 

Assays for Gene Mutations Salmonella Typhimurium reverse mutation assay (Ames test, / ... 

The Ames salmonella-microsome test is a principal sensitive mutagen screening test. Compounds are tested on the mutants of Salmonella typhimurium for reversion from a histidine requirement back to prototrophy. A positive result is seen by the growth of revertant bacteria (which do not require an external histidine source). A microsomal activation system should be included in this assay. The use of five different bacterial test strains are generally required. 

Hughes TJ, Simmons DM, Monteith LG, et al. 1987. Mutagenicity of 31 organic compounds in a modified preincubation Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA102. Environ Mutagen 9 49. 

Ecoflex (powder) was tested for its mutagenic potential on the basis of its ability to induce point mutations in several bacterial strains Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coll) in a reverse mutation assay (Ames test), according to OECD guideline 471. Results revealed that the polyester is not mutagenic to bacteria. 

Captan is mutagenic in bacterial assays such as the Salmonella typhimurium "Ames assay (9,J0,1J[) and... 

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