Health implications

Ana.lytica.1 Methods. Since 1984, dramatic technical advances have been made in the analysis of trace organic chemicals in the environment. Indeed, these advances have been largely responsible for the increased pubUc and governmental awareness of the wide distribution of herbicides in the environment. The abiUty to detect herbicides at ppb and ppt levels has resulted in the discovery of trace herbicide residues in many unexpected and unwanted areas. The realization that herbicides are being transported throughout the environment, albeit at extremely low levels, has caused much pubUc and governmental concern. However, the pubUc health implications remain unclear. 

S. M. Michaelson and J. C. Lin, Biological Effects and Health Implications ofKadiofrequeng Kadiation, Plenum Press, New York, 1987. 

Homocysteine has been identified as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (32) and thus metaboHc control over homocysteine levels has major health implications. 

The public health implications of dietary phytoestrogens have received a great deal of attention over the last few years. However, despite substantial data from epidemiological and experimental studies, the biological effects of phytoestrogens remain equivocal. 

In addition, a recent primate study reported that dietary consumption of soy infant formula reduced the neonatal testosterone surge and increased Leydig cell numbers in the testes of male marmosets. However, the longterm effects on the fertility of the animals has not been determined, and the health implications of these findings for humans are unclear (Sharpe et al,... 

There is currently a substantial global research effort into the effects of phytoestrogens. However, there are still a number of gaps in knowledge with respect to the health implications of dietary phytoestrogens for humans. These gaps will form the basis of future research priorities. 

Balashov V. Ye. Toksikologo-gigienicheskaya otsenka insektofungitsida merkurana (Evaluation of the Toxicology and Health Implications of the Insectofungicide Mercuran) Dis.. ..Candidate of Medical Sciences. Kiev, 1962. 233 pp. 

Amold IMF, Dufresne RM, Alleyne BC, et al. 1985. Health implication of occupational exposures to hydrogen sulfide. J Occup Med 27(5) 373-376. 

Mukhtar H, Elmets CA (1996) Photocarcinogenesis mechanisms, models and human health implications. Photochem Photobiol 63 355... 

Moore MR, Goldberg A. 1985. Health implication of the hematopoietic effects of lead. In Mahaffey KR, ed. Dietary and environmental lead Human health effects. Amsterdam, The Netherlands Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 

Rosen JF. 1989. Metabolic abnormalities in lead toxic children Public health implications. Bull N Y Acad Med 65 1067-1084. 

Leung AOW, Duzgoren-Aydin NS, Cheung KC, Wong MH (2008) Heavy metals concentrations of surface dust from e-waste recycling and its human health implications in southeast China Environ Sci Technol 42(7) 2674—2680. doi 10.1021/es071873x... 

Incidence, epidemiology and public health implications of foodbome diseases linked to food products from ruminant livestock... 

American Dietetic Association. 2002. Health implications of dietary liber. JADA 102 994—1000. 

Prior RL, Cao G. 2000. Antioxidant phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables diet and health implications. Hort Sci 35 588-592. 

NRC (National Research Council). 1989. Diet and Health Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk. Washington, DC National Academies Press. 

Weihe, P., P. Grandjean, F. Debes, and R. White. 1996. Health implications for Faroe Islanders of heavy metals and PCBs from pilot whales. Sci. Total Environ. 186 141-148. 

The majority of early publications that can be reasonably identified as comprising immunotoxicology reported altered resistance to infection in animals exposed to various environmental or industrial chemicals. Authors logically concluded that xenobiotic exposure suppressed immune function since the immune system is ultimately responsible for this resistance to infection. Subsequent studies demonstrated that suppression of various cellular and functional endpoints accompanied or preceded increased sensitivity to infection, and that administration of known immunosuppressants likewise decreased host resistance. The human health implications of these studies, that chemical exposure reduced resistance to infection, drove the initial focus of many immunotoxicologists on functional suppression, and provided the theoretical and practical underpinnings of immunotoxicity testing. 

Glaser, R. et al, Stress-related immune suppression Health implications, Brain Behav. Immun., 1,1, 1987. 

Demidova, O. (2002). Use of Risk Assessment in Environmental Impact Assessment for Projects with Significant Health Implications Case Studies of UK Waste Incineration Developments, M.Sc. Thesis. Central European University, Budapest. 

This paper reviews the practical difficulties inherent in implementing olfactory enrichment outside of a controlled laboratory setting. Considerations discussed include (i) choice of scent, relevance and motivation (ii) how to present scent in time and space (iii) individual variation in response rates and neophobia and (iv) health implications. 

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