Health, public

American Public Health Association. Standard Methods for the... 

Chart showing hierarchical relationship among a technique, methods using that technique, and procedures and protocols for one method. (Abbreviations APHA = American Public Health Association, ASTM = American Society for Testing Materials, EPA = Environmental Protection Agency)... 

Because of the risk of lead poisoning, the exposure of children to lead-based paint is a significant public health concern. The first step in the quantitative analysis of lead in dried paint chips is to dissolve the sample. Corl evaluated several dissolution techniques. " In this study, samples of paint were collected and pulverized with a Pyrex mortar and pestle. Replicate portions of the powdered paint were then taken for analysis. Results for an unknown paint sample and for a standard reference material, in which dissolution was accomplished by a 4-6-h digestion with HNO3 on a hot plate, are shown in the following table. 

Method 3500-Mg D as published in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wasteveater, 18th ed. American Public Health Association Washington, DC, 1992, pp. 3-73 to 3-74. 

Inorganic Analysis Redox titrimetry has been used for the analysis of a wide range of inorganic analytes. Although many of these methods have been replaced by newer methods, a few continue to be listed as standard methods of analysis. In this section we consider the application of redox titrimetry to several important environmental, public health, and industrial analyses. Other examples can be found in the suggested readings listed at the end of this chapter. 

Another important example of redox titrimetry that finds applications in both public health and environmental analyses is the determination of dissolved oxygen. In natural waters the level of dissolved O2 is important for two reasons it is the most readily available oxidant for the biological oxidation of inorganic and organic pollutants and it is necessary for the support of aquatic life. In wastewater treatment plants, the control of dissolved O2 is essential for the aerobic oxidation of waste materials. If the level of dissolved O2 falls below a critical value, aerobic bacteria are replaced by anaerobic bacteria, and the oxidation of organic waste produces undesirable gases such as CH4 and H2S. 

Method 417B in Standard Methods for the Analysis of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association Washington, D.C. 15 ed., 1981, pp. 356-360. 

H. E. Magee, Mon. Bull Minist. Health Public Health Fab. Sen, 205 (Sept. 1950). 

E. J. Largent, "MetaboHsm of Inorganic Fluoride" ia Fluoridation as a Public Health Measure, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washiagton, D.C., 1954, pp. 49—78. 

American Public Health Association 1015 18th Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20036 StandardMethods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, 16th ed., 1985 Methods ofA.irSamplingandA.naljsis, 3rd ed., 1988. 

A Proposed Public Health and Safety StandardforYucca Mountain, A Report prepared for the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Technical Bases for Yucca Mountain Standards, EPRI TV-104012, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif., Dec. 1994. 

Legistry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, U.S. Dept, of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, Sept. 1980. 

Standard Methodsfor the Examination of Water and Wastewater 17th ed., American Public Health Association (APHA), Inc., Washington, D.C., 1989,... 

G. A. J. Ayhffe and co-workers. Public Health Eaboratoy Service, London, 1984. 

EPA Supefund Public Health Evaluation Manual, EPS /540/1-86 /060, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, D.C., October 1986. 

R-5. Methods of Air Sampling and Analysis, 2d Ed., American Public Health Assoc., Washington, 1977. 

On-Site Storage Factors that must be considered in the on-site storage of solid wastes include (1) the type of container to be used, (2) the container location, (3) public health and aesthetics, (4) the collection methods to be used, and (5) future transport method. 

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University ofNis, Visegradska 33, 18000 Nis, Serbia and Montenegro, e-mail blaga radovanovic yahoo, co. uk -Institute of Public Health, 36000 Kraljevo, Serbia and Montenegro institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Skopje, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia, e-mail radovanovic911 yahoo.com... 

School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,... 

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