Quality control and testing

Testing and QC are discussed but often the least understood. Usually it involves the inspection of materials and products as they complete different phases of processing. Products that are within specifications proceed, while those that are out of specification are either repaired or scrapped. Possibly the workers who made the out-of-spec products are notified so they can correct their mistake. 

The approach just outlined is after-the-fact approach to QC all defects caught in this manner are already present in the product being processed. This type of QC will usually catch defects and is necessary, but it does little to correct the basic problem(s) in production. One of the problems with add-on QC of this type is that it constitutes one of the least cost-effective ways of obtaining quality products. Quality must be built into a product from the beginning of the design that follows the FALLO approach (Fig. 1-3) it cannot be inspected into the process. The target is to control quality before a product becomes defective. 

Each batch of compound is evaluated by coating on to bonding agent on release carrier and curing. It is then peeled off and tensile tested. The following minimum values are required. 

The printed plates carrying the compound are quarantined until the compound has been cleared. 

Visual to agreed standards, for inclusions, porosity, positional tolerance. Bead height at nine positions. 0.15 - 0.22 mm is the permitted band. Mechanical load approximately 50% ultimate compression is applied on telex paper (which is pressure sensitive). The trace should show continuity in the strip. 

Incoming deliveries of hardener and polymer are checked by mixing with an approved batch of the other component, printing on a standard test plate and subjecting to a pulse pressure test. This test is also used in evaluation of new or experimental formulations, and it simulates a working environment for the gasket. 

The data in Table 14.1 are taken from a typical test chart, and it shows readings of pulsation pressure test failure details torque to tighten gasket in place torque at end of test (release torque) plate thickness bead heights at start and finish, giving compression set number of cycles completed did gasket leak Condition of gasket at conclusion. 

The paint is applied to a substrate to provide a proper appearance, ample protection, adequate functionality, and sufficient durabiUty. It is the influence of the paint on the value of the end product that makes the properties so important that they must be characterized, tested, and controlled at each step from raw material manufacture through paint manufacture, storage, and final application. 

There are a range of miscellaneous tests for evaluating the properties of paints. The aim of testing may be to determine one of the following  

Application properties Application properties include ease of brushing, spraying, or rolling, leveling, sag, spatter, and drying time. 

Film appearance Film appearance tests include gloss, color, opacity, color acceptance, and color development. 

Film performance Film resistance tests are for hardness, abrasion, adhesion, flexibility, impact, scrubbability, and chemical and water resistance. 

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The detection sensitivity of radiography is related among others to the properties and quality of industrial x-ray film systems. Changes of the products, variations due to different emulsions and combinations of products of different manufacturers can influence the decisive properties of film systems as classified in EN 584-1.To ensure the quality of industrial x-ray film systems a system for quality assurance open to all interested parties is proposed which is based on periodical round robin tests and quality controls of the manufacturer or an independent third party institution. 

Those familiar with processing can detect and correct visible problems or readily measure factors such as color, surface condition, and dimension. However, less-apparent property changes are another matter. These may not show up until the products are in service, unless extensive testing and quality control are used. 

Burges, H.D. 1981. Safety, safety testing and quality control ofmicrobial pesticides. In Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Disease 1970-1980 (H.D. Burges, ed.), pp. Til-161. Academic Press, London. 

The records include the construction organization s documentation of the testing and quality control processes (see para. IP-10.13 and Chapter GR-6). 

So, partial discharge measurements have become a well-established method for type and routine testing as a non-destructive material test and quality control [23], [26], [53]. Apart from optical and acoustical detection methods of partial discharges, the high frequency detection and measuring method preferably covers a wide range of applications. It will be considered in more detail in the following. 

System Snitability Tests and Quality Control Sample Analysis for Ongoing Performance... 

Testing and Quality Control of Magnesium Hydroxide Slurry... 

The Q.A./Q.C. Directors shall be qualified professional persons who have responsible experience in quality control of drug manufacture and an intimate knowledge of the scientific principles and technique in testing and quality control. They shall have the authority, independent of production authority, to approve satisfactory products and reject raw materials, in-process materials, and final products which fail to comply with the applicable standards or are not manufactured in accordance with predetermined methods, procedures and conditions. His responsibilities shall be well-defined and shall include ... 

MANUFACTURE, PROCESSING, PACKING, OR HOLDING All operations used to manufacture an API to include packaging and labeling operations, testing, and quality control of an API. 

ISO-9000 certification ISO-9000 and lSO-9004 are guidelines that interpret the requirements of the three main standards—ISO-9001 (the quality system in design and development), ISO-9002 (the quality system for quality assurance in production and installation), and ISO-9003 (the quality system for quality assurance in final inspection and testing). These three standards define the quality-system requirements for firms with a varying scope of business requirements. See design verification fabricating, world-class processor certification productivity quality system test certification testing and quality control transducer calibration. 

The text is organized and written with useful information in the World of Reinforced Plastics to provide a source and reference guide for fabricator, mold maker, material supplier, engineer, maintenance person, accoimtant, plant manager, testing and quality control individual, cost estimator, sales and marketing personnel, new venture type, buyer, user, educator/trainer, workshop leader, librarian/information provider, lawyer, consultant, and others. 

Rosato, D. V., Testing and Quality Control Seminar, Rheology Without the Mathematics, Univ. of Lowell, 1986. 

A comprehensive table with the tests and quality control checks and their frequencies required in the United Kingdom is given in Highways Agency (2009b). 

For more details regarding the testing and quality control of CSM, see the appropriate specification used. 

Adhesivity tests and quality control tests for surface dressing... 

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