Thickness, plate

The tubeside fluid must be clean or at least chemically cleanable. With a large number of tubes in the coil, cleaning of inside surfaces is not totally rehable. Fluids that attack stressed materials such as chlorides should be reviewed as to proper coil-material selection. Fluids that contain sohds can be a problem due to erosion of relatively thin coil materials unlike the thick plates in spiral-plate units and multiple, parallel, fluid passages compared to a single passage in spiral-plate units. 

The development of microporosity during steam activation was examined by Burchell et al [23] in their studies of CFCMS monoliths. A series of CFCMS cylinders, 2.5 cm in diameter and 7.5 cm in length, were machined from a 5- cm thick plate of CFCMS manufactured from P200 fibers. The axis of the cylinders was machined perpendicular to the molding direction ( to the fibers). The cylinders were activated to bum-offs ranging from 9 to 36 % and the BET surface area and micropore size and volume determined from the Nj adsorption isotherms measured at 77 K. Samples were taken from the top and bottom of each cylinder for pore sfructure characterization. 

Grob-atztmg, /. coarse etching, macro-etching, -blech, n. (Matal.) thick plate, heavy plate, -bruch, m. coarse-grained fracture, -einstei-iung, /. coarse adjustment, -eisen, n. merchant iron, -erz, n. coarse ore. 

A comprehensive study of nucleate boiling of a wide range of liquids on thick plates of copper, aluminium, brass and stainless steel has been carried out by PlORO<88) who has evaluated the constants in equation 9.197 for different combinations of liquid and surface. 

The more expensive, corrosion-resistant, alloys are frequently used as a cladding on carbon steel. If a thick plate is needed for structural strength, as for pressure vessels, the use of clad materials can substantially reduce the cost. 

Though the fabrication cost is low, flat ends are not a structurally efficient form, and very thick plates would be required for high pressures or large diameters. 

The correct form to use for a given joint will depend on the material, the method of welding (machine or hand), the plate thickness, and the service conditions. Double-sided V- or U-sections are used for thick plates, and single V- or U-profiles for thin plates. A backing strip is used where it is not possible to weld from both sides. Lap joints are seldom used for pressure vessels construction, but are used for atmospheric pressure storage tanks. 

In a first step the expanded graphite is pressed in a continuous process to form about 1 cm thick plates (Figure 121 left). These plates form a graphite... 

An inscribed thick plate of brass attributed to the landing, in 1579, of Francis Drake on the coast of California, is retained in safekeeping at the University of California, Berkeley. Since its discovery, in the San Francisco Bay area in 1936, however, there have been doubts about the authenticity of the plate, although an early chemical study had apparently confirmed its authenticity. Regardless of this initial study, doubts about the origin of the plate persisted, and a new study, based on the composition of the brass as determined by neutron activation, X-rays fluorescence, and atomic absorption analysis was initiated to reevaluate the earlier authentication of the plate. The results of this study were then compared with the composition typical of brass from Drake s time as well as from modem brass, and it was then concluded that the plate was probably made during the latter part of the nineteenth century or the early years of the twentieth century (Hedges 1979). 

At the bottom of the pack the polymer exits into the air via a multiplicity of small holes through a thick plate of metal (the spinneret). The number of holes can... 

In addition to a free choice of flow rate, this cell also allows use of electrodes of shapes other than a circular disk. The cell shown in Fig. 2 was designed for examining the corrosion of only the edge of a 2-mm-thick plate, which had been lasa cut. 

Larger members (such as large pipes and thick plates) have longer failure times, since they have greater mass per unit surface area, and hence take longer to heat up. 

Materials Description. Three CIBA-GEIGY epoxy/hardener systems were studied Araldite 6010/906, Araldite 6010/HY 917 and Araldite 6010/972 with stoichiometries 100/80, 100/80 and 100/27, respectively. Araldite 6010 was a DGEBA epoxy resin. The hardeners 906, HY 917 and 972 were, respectively, methyl nadic anhydride (MNA), methyltetrahydro phthalic anhydride (MTPHA) and methylene dianiline (MDA). These systems were investigated previously for the matrix controlled fracture in composites (6-8). The curing cycles used can be found in (6). The ideal chemical structures of the systems are shown in Table I. Neat resins were thoroughly degassed and cast into 1.27 cm thick plates for preparation of test specimens. 

Differences leading to the lower values of P cited in the earlier LASL and later Russian reports, and by Petrone, as contrasted with the higher values in the later LASL and earlier Russian reports, appear to be rooted in the thick-plate vs thin-plate question.21 If Petr one s and current Russian interpretations are correct, and if in addition some of the NOL measurements do, in fact, represent lower than infinite diameter values, appropriate adjustments would lead to much better over-all agreement of the experimental results with Eq. (1) than is recorded in the present paper. If, on the other hand, the current LASL interpretations are the more valid, the general form of Eq. (1) would still seem to be appropriate, but an upward adjustment of K, probably by about 6%, might be indicated. 

J. C. G. de Marignac showed that the crystals are trimorphous, for they exist in three different forms (i) Thick plates belonging to the rhombic system—Pig. 16 (ii) twinned pyramids belong to the monoclinic system—Fig. 17 and (iii) thick plates also belonging to the monoclinic system—Fig. 18. Aq. soln. redden litmus,... 

Polystyrene has been examined as 1/16" thick plates of commercial samples and also as specially prepared isotactic powder. Both spectra were similar. The commercial sample like its more pure specimen gave little trouble from fluorescence. The most striking feature of the spectra is the fact that almost all of the spectral features originate from the monosubstituted aromatic groups. This is contrary to the normally held view that the Raman spectrum consists principally of bands due to... 

K = an orifice coefficient, which can be as low as 0.3 for a smooth hole in a thick plate and 0.6 to 0.95 for various valve tray caps... 

It is desired to de-gas a thick plate of material containing a uniform concentration of dissolved gas by annealing it in a vacuum. The rate at which the gas leaves the plate surface is proportional to its concentration at the surface that is,... 

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