Standard, defined

Specifications, Standards, Quality Control, and Health and Safety Factors. The hardboard industry is represented by the American Hardboard Association (AHA). Specifications and standards are contained in several ANSI standards (8—11). These standards define the various hardboard product categories as well as specific product qualities required for each group. 

Cocoa powder (cocoa) is prepared by pulverizing the remaining material after part of the fat (cocoa butter) is removed from chocolate Hquor. The U.S. chocolate standards define three types of cocoas based on their fat content. These are breakfast, or high fat cocoa, containing not less than 22% fat cocoa, or medium fat cocoa, containing less than 22% fat but more than 10% and low fat cocoa, containing less than 10% fat. 

All these standards have since been adopted by the member countries as their national standards, fully or in slightly modified forms, to suit their own requirements and working conditions. These standards define and clarify the quality norms and aim at in-house quality disciplines, to automatically and continually produce a product, provide a service or programme to the stipulated specifications, quality norms and customer needs. They guarantee a product or service with a minimum quality. The envisaged quality systems thus aim at a work culture that pervades all those involved in different key activities or processes, to achieve the desired goal through carefully evolved systems. 

Notes National primary ambient air quality standards define levels of air quality which the EPA Administrator judges are necessary, with an adequate margin of safety, to protect the public health. National secondary ambient air quality standards define levels of air quality, which the Administrator judges necessary to protect the public welfare from any known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant. 

The standards define terms used in the industry and describe the basic design of the unit. It deals with the casing, rotors and shafts, wheels and blades, combustors, seals, bearings, critical speeds, pipe connections and auxiliary piping, mounting plates, weather-proofing, and acoustical treatment. 

The material index is based on hardness and geometry parameters. The serviee faetor takes into aeeount the driving and the driven equipment eharaeteristies. The AGMA 211 standard defines K as... 

The standard defines special processes as processes, the results of which cannot be fullp verified bp subsequent inspection and testing of the product and where, for example, processing deficiencies map become apparent onip after the product is in use. 

Advisory Group are considering different facets of LCA. In 1993, they developed the Code of Practice ,the first worldwide accepted technical framework for LCA. This was an important step towards the harmonisation of the method and has initiated and supported the standardisation process by ISO. Between 1997 and 2000, ISO produced the international series of standard defining the different stages of the LCA methodology (ISO 14040 1997, ISO 14041 1998, ISO 14042 2000 ° as well as ISO 14043 2000° ). As mentioned above, these standards were replaced by two improved editions of life cycle assessment standards in 2006 (ISO 14040 2006 and ISO 14044 2006°). 

Farben, under the leadership of these defendants, pursued a course of action evidencing cavalier disregard of probable consequences. Such conduct, carried out for a dictator who manifested his warlike intentions in many ways. .. is sufficiently reprehensible in its relation to the resulting holocaust of war as to cause me to feel that international law should be broadened to devise standards defining the criminality of action of the character carried out by these defendants. 

Catalysis has been central to the component-specification standards defined by Texas Instruments and Microsoft, the CBD-96 standards from Tl/Sterling, and services and products from Platinum Technology it has been adopted by several companies as their standard approach for UML-based development. It fits the needs of Java, JavaBeans, COM+, and CORBA development and supports the approach of RM-ODP. It also supports systematic development based on use cases. 

Testing of decay resistance can be performed in a laboratory environment or in outdoor field trials, and there are many standards defined for these tests. The first objective of a laboratory-based test is to provide a methodology for the rapid screening of a candidate wood preservative, treatment or modification in order to assess which ones exhibit decay resistance. Broadly speaking, laboratory-based tests can be divided into sterile (pure culture) tests and unsterile tests (such as fungal cellar, soil burial etc.). 

Reference Intakes (DRIs). In the past, the recommended dietary allowances (RDAs), which are the levels of intake of essential nutrients that are considered to be adequate to meet the known nutritional needs of practically all healthy persons, were the primary reference value for vitamins and other nutrients. The DRIs also include other reference values, such as the estimated average requirement (EAR) and the adequate intake (AI). The RDA, EAR, and AI reference standards define nutritional intake adequacy. Since these recommendations are given for healthy populations in general and not for individuals, special problems, such as premature birth, inherited metabolic disorders, infections, chronic disease, and use of medications, are not covered by the requirements. Separate RDAs have been developed for pregnant and lactating women. Vitamin supplementation may be required by patients with special conditions and for those who do not consume an appropriate diet. 

This standard defines the requirements and responsibilities for reactive chemicals management processes at all facilities, operations and businesses of The Dow Chemical Company, and to those facilities, operations and businesses of its subsidiaries and joint ventures over which Dow has management or shareholder control. The purpose of this standard is to define the minimum requirements necessary to prevent injury, loss or environmental damage from uncontrolled chemical reactions. It is expected that these requirements will be applied in such a way as to create competitive value for Dow. 

A standard is now available, specifically, IEC 61158, Digital Data Communications for Measurement and Control. In most industries, a standard defines only one way of doing something, but not in the computer industry. IEC 61158 defines five different communications technologies. Several manufacturers had selected a direction, and standards are not immune to commercial considerations. The net result is that one person s field bus might not be the same as another s. Most plants select one technology for their field bus, although it is possible to have multiple field bus interfaces on a control system and not have all the same type. 

The MIAME standard defines the minimum information investigators must report for a microarray experiment to be reproduced. The MAGE standard was born partially from MIAME, and the European Bioinformatics Institute used MIAME and MAGE to guide the development of ArrayEx-press, their public genomic data repository (34). Sample annotation lies at the heart of MIAME, underscoring the need to understand as completely as possible the experimental conditions that may influence the microarray data. Many journals that publish microarray data require the submission of MIAME-supportive microarray data to a public genomic data repository as a condition of publication. These typically include submission of protocols species, strains, and sex used for in vivo studies cell line name and culture conditions for in vitro studies, and other relevant information. 

Of course, this value is difficult to obtain experimentally because of the band path width limitation of the measurement apparatus. The IEC 62391 standard defines the method used to measure the series resistance. The self-discharge due either to the leakage current or to the charge redistribution adds a contribution to the voltage drop corresponding to Rp, the parallel resistance in the model. 

The RS-232-C standard defines a serial interface which is commonly used. In its minimum configuration it is possible to transmit data over 15 meters with only three wires. For large distances a modem would be necessary. Data transmission is performed by sending the individual bits of a data byte one after the other. The data bits are enclosed by special bits (start bit, parity bit, stop bit) which provide proper synchronization and error detection in the receiver. The form of the transfer is called the protocol. This protocol defines the baud rate (bits per second = baud), the number of stop bits and an optional parity bit. Figure 8.10 shows an example of transmitted data. A logical 0 is transmitted by a voltage level of +3.. + 12 V and a... 

The standards defined by the Food and Drug Administration of the USA for vanilla products are given below. 

Points 1 to 3 explicitly define the assessment of compliance. Point 1 is what many scientists would regard as the standard, but it is only a part of the standard. Points 2 and 3 deal with the requirement that the limit value needs to be used for 2 purposes to estimate the measures needed to correct or prevent failure and to assess compliance in an unbiased manner (perhaps in a way that enables comparisons between regions or nations). Both of these tasks require standards defined as summary statistics that can be estimated using statistical methods in an unbiased manner, thus allowing the quantification of statistical errors. Generally, this means that the standards must be expressed as summary statistics such as annual averages and annual percentiles. 

Drinking water standards define the maximum tolerable concentration of a long list of dissolved compounds. 

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