Rapeseed oil

Fats and oils may be synthesized in enantiomerically pure forms in the laboratory (30) or derived from vegetable sources (mainly from nuts, beans, and seeds), animal depot fats, fish, or marine mammals. Oils obtained from other sources differ markedly in their fatty acid distribution. Table 2 shows compositions for a wide variety of oils. One variation in composition is the chain length of the fatty acid. Butterfat, for example, has a fairly high concentration of short- and medium-chain saturated fatty acids. Oils derived from cuphea are also a rich source of capric acid which is considered to be medium in chain length (32). Palm kernel and coconut oils are known as lauric oils because of their high content of C-12 saturated fatty acid (lauric acid). Rapeseed oil, on the other hand, has a fairly high concentration of long-chain (C-20 and C-22) fatty acids. 

Nylon-13,13 and Nylon-13. The ingredients for nylon-13,13 [26796-68-9] [26796-70-3] and nylon-13 [14465-66-8], [26916-48-3] and their copolymers have become available in developmental quantities from a natural source, crambe and rapeseed oil (176). Emcic acid [112-86-7] is obtained in high yield approaching 50 wt % from the oil and oxidatively cleaved to produce the dicarboxyhc acid, brassyUc acid [505-55-2] and pelargonic acid ... 

The composition of common fats and oils are found in Table 1. The most predominant feedstocks for the manufacture of fatty acids are tallow and grease, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and cottonseed oil. Another large source of fatty acids comes from the distillation of cmde tall oil obtained as a by-product from the Kraft pulping process (see Tall oil Carboxylic acids, fatty acids from tall oil). 

Raps, m. rape (rotbluhender) garden rocket, -kuchen, m. rape (seed) cake, -mehl, n. rape-(seed) meal. -SI, n. rape oil, rapeseed oil, colza oil. -saat, /., -same(n), m. rapeseed, colza. 

Reps, -m. rape, -bl, n. rape oil, rapeseed oil, Reptilleder, n. reptile leather, requirieren, v.t. request requisition. 

Phosphorylated rapeseed oil is successfully used in tube drawing and extrusion [293]. 

TROJAKOVA L, REBLOVA z and poKORNY J (2000) Degradation of tocopherols in rapeseed oil with rosemary extract under different conditions , Czech J Food Sci, 18 (Spec) 175-6. 

Lipase from Aspergillus niger Transesterification 2-ethyl-1- hexanol and rapeseed oil Oil/water (97/3) 41.1 103... 

Transesterification 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and rapeseed oil 9-Hydroperoxy-acid from y-linolenic acid... 

For abiotic stock resources, the resource value is set as equal to the production and environmental cost for a sustainable alternative. For fossil oil, gas and coal, these alternatives are rapeseed oil, biogas and charcoal, respectively. For metal (metal ores), the production and environmental costs to upgrade low-quality ores (sustainable supplies), such as silicate minerals, to a quality similar to present day ores, using a bioenergy-driven process (near-sustainable process), is used as the resource value. 

Jorgensen H, Jensen S K and Eggum B O (1996), The influence of rapeseed oil on digestibility, energy metabolism and tissue fatty acid composition in pigs , ActaAgric Scand A Anim Sci, 45, 65-75. 

Only a few specific kinds of lipids can be identified on the basis of the characteristic features of the FA profile and the presence of specific biomarkers. For example, oils obtained from the seeds of Brassicaceae, such as rapeseed oil, are characterized by abundant amounts of uncommon FA such as gondoic (Z-11 -eicosenoic) acid and erucic (Z-13-docosenoic) acid and, after ageing their oxidation products. Other examples are reported in Table 7.2 and in Chapter 1. 

The oils from which factices are manufactured are unsaturated vegetable and animal oils, which react with sulphur. Fatty oils with iodine number greater than 80 (iodine number is defined as the number of grammes of iodine absorbed by 100 g of fat/oil) are generally used, i.e., oils with three or more double bonds per triglyceride molecule. Rapeseed oil is the most common oil used for general purpose grades and castor oil is used for oil resistant factice. Other oils are used in preference by other countries due to local availability and cost. 

Brassica napus is a widely grown crop used primarily for the production of oil, which is classed as either rapeseed oil or canola oil depending on its quality and content. 

---