Cytotoxicity, in vitro

Biological evaluation of medical devices—Part 5 Tests for cytotoxicity in vitro methods. ISO 10993-5 1992(E). International Standards Organization, 1992. 

Caryophyllidae are an interesting source of oligosaccharides and peptides with potential anti-inflammatory and/or immunomodulating effect. These polar compounds might for instance explain the fact that the fresh juice expressed from Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) inhibits carrageenan-induced edema in rodent. Note that the seeds of Gomphrena species inhibit the formation of IL-6 by osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E10) without cytotoxicity in vitro. Such property could be useful for the treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis, infection, and cancer. In the Lauraceae, trans-cinnamal-dehyde from Cinnamomum cassia (Lauraceae, order Laurales) inhibits in vitro the... 

Elephantopus mollis is interesting because it elaborates a series of cytotoxic antitumor germacranolides including molephantinin and phantomolin, which are cytotoxic in vitro and in vivo against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma in rodents (104,105). Molephantinin mitigates DNA and protein synthesis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells and DNA synthesis. What is the activity of molephantinin on apoptosis (106)1... 

Sayes, C.M. et al. (2006) Functionalization density dependence of single-walled carbon nanotubes cytotoxicity in vitro. Toxicology Letters, 161 (2), 135—142. 

Synthesis, cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, and structure-activity relationships of septicine 280 and its analogues were reported (Figure 7) <2003BML1679>. 

The heme iron in the peroxidase is oxidized by the peroxide from III+ to V4- in compound I. The compound I is reduced by two sequential one-electron transfer processes giving rise to the original enzyme. A substrate-free radical is in turn generated. This may have toxicological implications. Thus the myeloperoxidase in the bone marrow may catalyze the metabolic activation of phenol or other metabolites of benzene. This may underlie the toxicity of benzene to the bone marrow, which causes aplastic anemia (see below and chap. 6). The myeloperoxidase found in neutrophils and monocytes may be involved in the metabolism and activation of a number of drugs such as isoniazid, clozapine, procainamide, and hydralazine (see below). In in vitro systems, the products of the activation were found to be cytotoxic in vitro. 

OS have been shown to be cytotoxic in vitro (Aupeix et al., 1995) and most of the cytotoxicity of freshly isolated LDL is attributable to a minor fraction that has been oxidatively modified and highly enriched in OS (Sevanian et al., 1995). OS are considered to cause injury to endothelial cells, and atheromatous lesions represent death zones that contain toxic oxidized lipids and associated OS that cause dysfunction that ultimately... 

Ramos K, Cox LR. 1987. Primary cultures of rat aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells I. An in vitro model to study xenobiotic-induced vascular cytotoxicity. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 23 288-296. 

Na, K., Lee, E. S., and Bae, Y. H. (2003), Adriamycin loaded pullulan acetate/sulfonamide conjugate nanoparticles responding to tumor pH pH-dependent cell interaction, internalization and cytotoxicity in vitro, I. Controlled Release, 87(1-3), 3-13. 

Some antimicrobial activity was found in thaliglucinone (23) (64,67,69) and thalictuberine (20) (51), but this activity was not found in phenanthrene 106 (18). Phenanthrene 63 (98) and uvariopsine (30) (76) show cytotoxicity in vitro. Cell... 

Salole EG, Shepherd AJ. Spermicides anti-HTV activity and cytotoxicity in vitro. AIDS 1993 7(2) 293-5. 

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