P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cell

A new bromopyrrole alkaloid 15 along with racemic 16 was isolated from the Japanese marine sponge Homaxinellct sp. They exhibit weak cytotoxic activity against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells with ED50 values of 21.5 pg/ml and 30 pg/ml, respectively [34]. 

Daphneticin (12), isolated from Daphne tangutica, showed cytotoxic activity against Walker carcinosarcoma ascites cells (68) but was inactive against KB cells (68). In vitro studies showed cleomiscosin A (9), isolated from the chloroform extract of Brucea javanica, to be active against the murine P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cell line (EDsq = 0.4 pg ml ), but inactive against the KB test system (57). Luyengi et al. reported the lack of activity of the same compound when evaluated against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells (59). 

Cleomiscosin A (9) Cytotoxic against P-388 (lymphocytic leukemia) cell line (57)... 

Cedronolactone B (29) and cedronolactone C (30), isolated from wood of Simaba cedron were shown, exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity (IC50 6.5 and 49 pg/mL) against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells [19]. 

Table 8. Anti leukemic Activity of Bisbrusatolyl and Brusatolyl Esters and Related Compounds against P>388 Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Growth in BDFl Mice...

Cytotoxicity by palytoxins has also been demonstrated in human bronchial epithelial cells [69], 3T3 Swiss mouse cells [70], V79 Chinese hamster lung cells [71], H 2981 human lung adenocarcinoma cells [72], EL-4 murine T-lymphoma cells [72], HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells [73], and by an extract of O. siamensis in neuroblastoma cells [19], Palytoxin was shown to be highly toxic to P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells [15]. Ostreocin D was significantly less toxic than palytoxin to the last-named cells [15]. Palytoxin, at very low concentration, inhibited the motility... 

Communesin A (15) and B (16) were first isolated from a strain of Penicillium sp. found growing on the marine alga Enteromorpha intestinalis in 1993 by Numata and coworkers [26]. Subsequently, six other members (communesin C, D, E, F (17), G, H) were identified (Fig. 2). All communesins show potent cytotoxicity against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells, among which communesin B is the most biologically active [27]. 

Hall IH, Lee KH, Eigebaly SA, Imakura Y, Sumida Y, Wu RY (1979) Antitumor agents. XXXIV Mechanism of action of bruceoside A and brusatol on nucleic acid metabolism of P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells. J Pharm Sci 68 883... 

Hall IH, Liou YF, Okano M, Lee KH 1982 Antitumor agents 46 In vitro effects of esters of brusatol, bisbrusatol, and related compounds on nucleic acid protein synthesis of P-388 Lymphocytic leukemia cells. J Pharm Sci 71 345-348... 

As to the mode of action of these compounds, Liao etal. 54), using HeLa cells, have shown that the antitumor activity of bruceolide (48) esters at the molecular level is due to irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis. The antileukemic activity of a series of esters of brusatol (55 a), bis-brusatol (55b) and bruceantin (53) has been correlated with the ability of these compounds to suppress DNA and protein synthesis in P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells. The active compounds were also shown to inhibit DNA polymerase activity and purine synthesis (27). 

Hall, I. H., Y. F. Liou, M. Okano, and K. H. Lee Antitumor Agents XLVI In vitro Effects of Esters of Brusatol, Bisbrusatol, and Related Compounds on Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis of P-388 Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. J. Pharm. Sci. 71, 345 (1982). 

Ansamycin antibiotics are probably the most complex organic compounds produced by the genus Streptomyces. In addition to the antibacterial, they also exhibit antiviral effects. Ansamitocin P-3 shows a potent cytotoxicity against the human solid tumor cell lines A-549 and HT-29. The compound exhibits a significant activity against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice and both 9PS (murine lymphocytic leukemia) and 9KB (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma) in cell culture systems. [38]. 

Communesins A (70) and B (71) were originally isolated from the mycelia of a strain of Penicillium sp. adhering to the marine alga, Enteromorpha intestinalis, and reported to exhibit cytotoxic activity in the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia test system in cell cultures [49], The ED50 values for 70 and 71 are reported to be 3.5 and 0.45 pg/ml, respectively, in the test system. 

Aloe exhibited antitumor, anticarcinogenic, and cancer chemopreventive properties in animal models. According to a Russian report, treatment of experimental tumors in mice and rats with aloe juice contributed to reduction of tumor mass, metastatic foci, and metastasis frequency. Bioassay-guided purification of an aloe species afforded a hydroxyanthraquinone compound called aloe-emodine, which significantly inhibited P-388 lymphocytic leukemia and human neuroectodermal tumors implanted in mice 157,158 inhibited human hepatoma cell lines, Hep G2 and Hep 3B, human... 

Liou YF, Hall IH, Okano M, Lee KH, Chaney SG (1982) Antitumor agents XLVIII Structure - activity relationships of quassinoids as in vitro protein synthesis inhibitors of P-388 lymphocytic leukemia tumor cell metabolism. J Pharm Sci 71 430-435... 

Weak oncolytic activity has been reported from pentane extracts against Walker carcinoma 256 and P-388 lymphocytic leukemia, but not lymphoid leukemia. The acidic arabinogalactan isolated from E. purpurea tissue culture activated macrophages to cytotoxicity against tumor cells and Leishmania enriettii, in addition to stimulating macrophages to produce TNF, IL-1, and IF-P2, and a slight increase in T-cell prohferation. ... 

In addition to silymarin, hydnocarpin (68) and sinaiticin (96) isolated from Verbascum sinaiticum exhibited cytotoxicity against cultured P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) cells (120). 5 -Methoxyhydnocarpin-D (79) and silybin (1) have been identified as bacterial MDR pump inhibitors (107). 

Berberine chloride was demonstrated to possess significant cytotoxic activity against cultured P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) cells, in addition to three human cancer cell lines BC1 (breast cancer) - EDJ0 2.7 pM) HT-1080 (fibrosarcoma) - ED50 2.4 pM) and KB (nasopharyngeal carcinoma) - EDJ0 8.4 pM)[336]. 

Berberrubine chloride was found to exhibit cytotoxic activity against cultured P-388 (murine lymphocytic leukemia) cells (1.7 pM)[336]. 

Lumonadio et al. isolated five quassinoids from the root bark of Hannoa klaineana. Of these quassinoids, only 15-desacetyl-undulactone (70) was active against P-388 mouse lymphocytic leukemia cells and colon 38 adenocarcinoma in mice. Undulactone (71) and especially 15-0-"-D-glucopyranosyl-21-hydroxy-glaucarubolone (72) were more toxic, while 6a-tigloyloxy-glaucarubol (73) and 21-hydroxy-glaucarubolone (74) were inactive [27]. 

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