Streptomyces genus

The tetracyclines (Table 1.15) are a large family of antibiotics, the first members of which were derived from the Streptomyces genus of Actinobacteria. Chlortetracycline was isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens in 1944, and a few years later, oxytetracycline and demeclocycline were... 

Streptomyces genus (Berrocal et al, 1997). Even though hgnin biodegradation is aeeepted as an aerobic process, some audiors have reported that anaerobic microorganisms in the rumen may alter, if not partially degrade, portions of lignified plant cells (Akin, 1980). 

Xylan fragments induced xylanase also in non-cellulolytic microorganisms like Streptomyces sp. (71) and yeasts of the genus Cryptococcus and Trichosporon (72-74). In these strains xylanase could be efficiently induced also by methyl P-D-xylopyranoside, which is extremely slowly metabolized in the cells (72-74). TTie glycoside accelerated xylanase production in hyperproducing color variants of A. pullu-lans (75) and in several strains of Aspergillus (70). Low cost and easy preparation of methyl p-D-xylopyranoside favors its use for large-scale xylanase production. 

The aminoglycosides are a closely related family of antibiotics produced almost exclusively by members of the genus Streptomyces and Micromonospora (Table 1.19). Most are polycationic compounds, composed of a cyclic amino alcohol to which amino sugars are attached. They all induce their bacteriocidal effect by inhibiting protein synthesis (apparently by binding to the 30 S and, to some extent, the 50 S, ribosomal subunits). Most are orally inactive, generally necessitating their parenteral administration. 

Jiang, Z.-D. Jensen, P.R. Fenical, W. (1997) Actinoflavoside, a novel flavonoid-like glycoside produced by a marine bacterium of the genus Streptomyces. Tetrahedron Lett., 38, 5065-8. 

Aminoglycosides and aminocyclitols are antibiotics elaborated by bacteria of the genus Streptomyces and Micromonospora (1). Streptomycin, kanamycin, ami-... 

From higher bacteria of the genus Streptomyces albomycin S. subtropicus, S. griseus P... 

Isomarinone (1679), an isomer of the previously known marinone (7), was isolated from the same tropical sediment bacterium (1638). Another marine-derived bacterium related to the genus Streptomyces has yielded the novel azamerone (1680) (1639). The British Columbian medicinal plant Moneses uniflora contains the antibiotic 8-chlorochimaphilin (1681), which is more active than chimaphilin (1640). Sesame roots (Sesamum indicum) have yielded the red chlorinated naphthoquinone chlorosesamone (1682) (1641). Cultures of Streptomyces strain LL-A9227 produce chloroquinocin (1683), which has some antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (1642). The two xestoquinones 1684 and 1685 were characterized from the Philippino sponge Xestospongia sp., and display topoisomerase II activity (1643). 

Cho JY, Kwon HC, Williams PG, Jensen PR, Fenical W (2006) Azamerone, a Terpenoid Phthalazinone from a Marine-Derived Bacterium Related to the Genus Streptomyces (Actinomycetales). Org Lett 8 2471... 

Martin GDA, Tan LT, Jensen PR, Dimayuga RE, Fairchild CR, Raventos-Suarez C, Fenical W (2007) Marmycins A and B, Cytotoxic Pentacyclic C-Glycosides from a Marine Sediment-Derived Actinomycete Related to the Genus Streptomyces. J Nat Prod 70 1406... 

E (431) and F (432), were isolated from the Palau sponge Rertiera sp. (353). The structures of renieramycins A-D previously found in a sponge of the same genus (354) were reassigned to 433-436, in which the stereochemistry is identical with that of saframycins, metabolites of Streptomyces sp. whose structures were based on X-ray analysis (355). 

Sulbactam sodium is semi-synthetic antibiotic of penicillinic group. Start material for it s synthesis is 6-aminopenicillanic acid. First 6-aminopenicillanic acid was isolated in 1957 year from benzylpenicilline as resalt of treating of it by penicillinaze. Benzylpenicilline is produced by microorganism of genus Streptomyces. 

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