Simaba cedron

Only nine quassinoids possessing the C19 basic skeleton were isolated until 1985 samaderins B (11), C (12), D (13), an 3,4-dihydrosamaderin B (14) from the stem and leaves of Samadera indica, cedronin (15) and cedronolin (16) isolated from the fruits of Simaba cedron, eurycomalactone (17) and 5,6-dehydroeurycomalactone (18) from Eurycoma longifolia Jack, and shinjulactone B (19) isolated from Ailanthus altissima Swingle [1],... 

Cedronolactone B (29) and cedronolactone C (30), isolated from wood of Simaba cedron were shown, exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity (IC50 6.5 and 49 pg/mL) against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia cells [19]. 

Cedronin (224) was isolated from Simaba cedron, a species popularly believed in South America to have antimalarial properties. It was examined for in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities and for cytotoxicity against KB cells. Experimental results showed that cedronin was active against chloroquine-sensitive and resistant strain, with an ICso of 0.25 pg/mL (0.65 pmol/mL). It was also found to be active in vivo against P. vinkei with an IC50 of 1,8 mg/Kg (4.7 riM/Kg) in the classic 4-day test. Cedronin (224) show a rather low cytotoxicity against KB cells (ICjo= 4 pg/mL, 10.4 pM) however its toxic/therapeutic ratio (10/1.8) remains lower than chloroquine (225) (10/0.5) [99]. 

Takeya K, Ozeki A, Hitotsuyanagi Y, Hashimoto E, Itokawa H, Alves SM (1998) Cytotoxie quassinoids from Simaba cedron. J Nat Prod. 61 776-780... 

Takeya K, Hitotsuyanagi Y, Ozeki A, Itokawa H, Alves SM (2001) Cedronolactone E, a novel Ci9 Quassinoid from Simaba cedron J Nat Prod 64 1583-1584... 

Studies based on traditional use of Simaroubaceae continued in the 1980s, especially by Phillipson et al. [63-67]. Many articles rai this subject followed, with, for example, the reisolation of simalikalactone D and the isolation and characterization of gutolactone from the bark of Simaba guianensis Aubl., a species used by people in the Amazon Basin [68]. Also, cedronin was isolated from the bark of Simaba cedron, a species used in Central and South America for the treatment of malaria [69], and samaderines B, E, X, and Z were isolated from Quassia indica branches used in the Indonesian traditional pharmacopeia [70]. In our work, it was chosen to test the traditional remedies as prepared by local people. This approach highlighted the remarkable activity of a decoction made from the... 

Simaba cedron Planch. (Stem bark) Cedronin P. vinckei Intraperitoneal 1.8 [71]... 

Ailanthus altissima, Brucea antidysenterica, Picrasma excelsa. Quassia africana. Quassia undulata, Simaba cedron, and Simarouba amara are also used as anthelmintics. 

Lastly, three Simaroubaceae species are described as antivenom Brucea antidysenterica. Quassia amara, and Simaba cedron, with a veiy strong convergence of use for the cotyledons of Simaba cedron seeds in South America). Brucea antidysenterica, Brucea javanica, Eurycoma longifolia. Quassia undulata, and Picrasma javanica are known as antidotes to food poisoning or other types poisoning. Central nervous system troubles, such as dementia, nervousness, and epilepsy, and alcohol addiction are treated with preparations of Ailanthus altissima. Quassia undulata, Simarouba amara, or Picrasma excelsa. 

The following also gave positive tests Quassisa aitdra, Simaba (= Quassia) cedron (5/6), Q. ferritginea, Simarouba (= Quassia) glauca (1/2). 

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