LPS-stimulated macrophages

Probucol, a hypocholesterolemic drug that possesses antioxidant activity, inhibits the ex vivo release of IL-1 from LPS-stimulated macrophages of mice pretreated orally with 100 mg/kg/day of this compound [94,95]. This compound has been shown to inhibit LPS-induced zinc-lowering effect, is cited as direct evidence for the inhibition of IL-1 release, and may be useful candidate for the treatment of atherosclerosis [95,96]. An amino-dithiol-one derivative (RP 54745) blocked the proliferative action of IL-1 P on murine thymocytes in vitro and also inhibited the production of IL-1 in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo. The compound RP 54745 selectively inhibited the expression of IL-la and IL-1 3 mRNA while TNFa mRNA was unaffected [97, 98]. 

Novak, T.E., Babcock, T.A., Jho, D.H., Helton, W.S., and Espat, N.J., NF-kappa B inhibition by omega-3 fatty acids modulates LPS-stimulated macrophage TNF-alpha transcription, Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol., 284, L84, 2003. 

Inhibits both 02 and NO production and down-regulates HO-1 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages [64]... 

Delgado, M., Ganea, D. (2000). Vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating pol q)eptide inhibit the MEKK1/MEK4/JNK signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages. J. Neuroimmunol. 110 97-105. 

Babcock, T. A., Helton, W. S., Hong, D. and Espat, N. J. Omega-3 fatty acid lipid emulsion reduces LPS-stimulated macrophage TNF-alpha production. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 3 (2002) 145-149. 

Figure 2 PBMCs were placed in a 3-pm filter above a well that contained the supernatant of untreated macrophages (left) or LPS-stimulated macrophages (right). After a 90 min incubation at 37 °C, filters were fixed and stained with hematoxylin, and migrated monocytes were counted.

Verani A, Scarlatti G, Comar M, et al. C-C chemokines released by lipopolysac-charide (LPS)-stimulated human macrophages suppress HIV-1 infection in both macrophages and T cells. J Exp Med 1997 185(5) 805—816. 

Wang, X. C., C. Allen et al. (2007). Retinoic acid enhances the production of IL-10 while reducing the synthesis of IL-12 and TNF-alpha from LPS-stimulated monocytes/macrophages. J. Clin. Immunol. 27(2) 193-200. 

---