Oslo Study

H25. Hjermann, I., Velve Byre, K., Holme, I., and Leren, P., Effect of diet and smoking intervention on the incidence of coronary heart disease Report from the Oslo Study Group of a randomized trial in healthy men. Lancet 2, 1303-1310 (1981). 

An improved metabolic control with intensified insulin therapy compared with a conventional treatment was reported by Wolf et al. (1987). A continuous insulin infusion with insulin pump therapy, monitored over 1 year, however, did not exhibit a clear advantage. The management of even preschool children with insulin pump therapy was not associated with an increased frequency or an accelerated rate of development of ketosis (Flores et al., 1984 Brambilla et al., 1987). However, Marshall et al. (1987) reported more abscesses and ketoacidosis in children on CS1I, and an increased risk of developing cutaneous infections was also noted in patients treated by CSII in the Oslo Study (Dahl-Jorgensen et al., 1985). 

Diabetic retinopathy (Oslo Study), motor nerve conduction and glomerular hyperfiltration were less progressive in patients treated with CSII or MDI compared with conventional insulin therapy (Dahl-Jorgensen, 1987). An improvement of retinopathy with CSII was reported in the KROC Study Group (1988) (Fig. 14). 

Brinchmann-Hansen O, Dahl-Jorgensen K, Sandvik L> Hanssen KE 1992. Blood glucose concentrations and progression of diabetic retinopathy The seven year results of the Oslo study. Br Med J 304 19-22. 

AECAPS/TexCAPS = Air ForceAexas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (Downs et ah, 1998) Helsinki = The Helsinki Heart Study (Frick et al., 1 987) LRC-CPPT = The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (insull et al., 1984) Oslo = The Oslo Study (Hjermann et ah, 1988) WOSCOPS = The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (Shepherd et al., 1995) ALLHAT = Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial approximately 13-15% of patients had a history of coronary heart disease (CHD) events are CHD events only WHI = Women s Health initiative RRR = relative risk reduction ARR = absolute risk reduction NNT = number needed to treat NA = not available CEE = conjugated equine estrogen MPA = medroxyprogesterone acetate CARDS = Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (presented at the 2004 American Diabetes Association meeting). 

Sensitivity and specificity including interval cancers have been given for some trials. The sensitivity for SFM and FFDM in the paired Co-Ma study with 1 year follow-up was 66 and 48%, respectively (Lewin 2006). The DMIST trial revealed a mean sensitivity of 70% for digital and 66% for analog mammography, and the specificity was 92% for both the modalities (Pisano et al. 2005). From the European studies, sensitivity and specificity has been reported for the two Oslo studies. The sensitivity including interval cancers from the 2-year follow-up in the Oslo I study was 76% for SFM and 59% for FFDM, and the specificity was 89% and 84%, respectively (Skaane et al. 2005, 2009). In the prospective randomized Oslo II study, the sensitivity was 61.5% for SFM and 77.4% for FFDM (p = 0.07), and the specificity was 97.9 and... 

Short term L-acetyl carnitine treatment has shown symptomatic benefits in ATN, although it is unclear if this effect is long lasting because of neuronal regeneration or is merely an analgesic effect (Scarpini et al. 1997 Oslo et al. 2006). Longer term studies showed improvements in epidermal nerve fiber density (Hart et al. 2004) as well as the symptoms of neuropathy when patients were treated with L-acetyl carnitine (Hart et al. 2004 Herzmann et al. 2005). A short term randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study showed reduction in pain over a 2 week period in HIV patients with TNA (Youle and Oslo 2007). 

Youle M, Oslo M (2007) A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controUed, multicentre study of acetyl L-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection. HIV Med 8(4) 241-250... 

Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie, France International Organization for Standardization ISO Council Committee on Reference Materials International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry Laboratory of the Government Chemist, UK, formerly NPL National Bureau of Standards, USA, now NIST National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, USA National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, UK Japanese National Institute for Environmental Studies National Institute of Occup. Health, Oslo, Norway National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, formerly NBS,... 

Nylund, O., et al., 1968, Full Scale Loop Studies of the Hydrodynamic Behavior of BHWR Fuel Elements, European Two-Phase Group Meeting, Oslo, Norway. (3)... 

While participating in the European Union programme on risk assessment of existing chemicals, Euro Chlor (representing all major European chlorine producers), recognised the need to carry out a detailed risk evaluation on chemicals linked to the production of chlorine. In view of concerns about specific risks of organohalogen compounds to the marine environment as a sink for all watercourses, Euro Chlor focused on this environmental compartment, with emphasis on the North Sea. This sea area has been extensively studied and is controlled by the Oslo and Paris Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution (OSPARCOM). For a series of chemicals on lists of concern adopted by the North Sea Conference (1990), risk assessments are being carried out to demonstrate their variable environmental profiles. 

Coordination Poiymers as CO2 Absorbents. This is a long-term (2002-2006) basic research project conducted at the University of Oslo. In this project new and novel adsorbent materials (coordination polymers) will be studied that can selectively and reversibly adsorb/desorb carbon dioxide from ambient to 300°C. 

Hektoen, L. 2004. Homoeopathic Treatment of Farm Animals. Studies of Utilisation, Effects and Implications for Animal Health and Welfare. PhD thesis. Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo. 

Thomas Pogge studied philosophy at Harvard. He has published widely on Kant and in moral and political philosophy, including various books on Rawls and global justice. He is Professor of Political Science at Columbia University, Professorial Fellow at the Australian National University Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, and Professor II of Philosophy at the University of Oslo. He is editor for social and political philosophy for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy and member of the Norwegian Academy of Science. 

Jorgensen,L. Studies on the partial hydrolysis of cellulose, Oslo 1950, zit. in Schulz, G.V. Bestimmung der Molekulargewichtsverteilung durch Zerlegung... 

In the future the model studies will have to include both tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry. At the University of Oslo, a tropospheric CTM [10] is now being extended to the stratosphere by the implementation of an extensive stratospheric chemistry module. After the testing stage the new model will be used for further aircraft assessments. 

Sundet, J.K. (1997). Model studies with a 3-d global CTM using ECMWF data. PhD thesis, Dept, of Geophysics, University of Oslo. 

Several estimates of the radiative forcing due to changes in tropospheric ozone are based on 3D CTMs. The MOGUNT1A model was used by van Dorland et ah (1997), Berntsen et ah (1997) based their work on the Oslo 3D CTM 1 model, and Roelofs et ah (1997) used ozone changes predicted using the European Centre Hamburg Model version 4 coupled to a tropospheric chemistry model. Forster et ah (1996), on the other hand, used two different 2D CTM models to calculate the ozone increase since pre-industrial time, namely the Cambridge and the UK.MO models. One study was based on observations of ozone. Portmann et ah (1997) estimated tropical tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde profiles and ozone columns derived from satellite maps. 

The results presented here focus on the present and future effect on radiative forcing due to changes in the radiatively-important chemical species (03, water vapor and CHJ associated with aircraft emissions. To address this question, we conduct uncoupled model experiments using the University of Oslo (UiO) 3-D chemical transport models (CTMs) to calculate changes in atmospheric composition and the State University of New York at Albany (SUNYA) 3-D global climate model (GCM) to calculate the radiative forcing associated with these changes. Two case studies were conducted to... 

PBDEs have been studied in river, lake, and marine sediment samples all over the world, and the concentration of the EPBDE and BDE-209 are dependent on the sampling locations. In Europe, the highest BDE-209 concentration was found in the River Mersey, UK (at 1700 ng/g) [49]. At the other end of the scale, a sediment core taken from Drammenfjord in 1999 near Oslo, Norway [52] showed a total surficial PBDE concentration of 3.1 ng/g, which is lower than the total PBDE concentrations measured in all of the Great Lakes, even in Lake Superior. Incidentally, globally, the highest BDE-209 level (at 6000 ng/g) was found in estuarine sediment from the Kansai re-... 

The Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1969 was awarded jointly to Odd Hassel (1897-1981) of the University of Oslo and Derek H. R. Barton (1918-1998)335 336 of Imperial College, London for developing and applying the principles of conformation in chemistry. Hassel s whole career was spent at Oslo337 and his contribution was the use of physical techniques in the study of the structures of cyclohexane and its derivatives. The work was done from 1930 onwards, but was not well known until after World War II. Barton became acquainted with Hassel s work and in 1949 began to apply the results to interpreting features of the chemistry of steroids, which had hitherto been difficult to understand. 

L10. Leren, P., The Oslo Diet Heart Study Eleven-year report. Circulation 42, 935-942... 

NATO Advanced Study Institute on Analysis and Applications of Rare Earth Materials (Kjeller, Norway, August 1972). Oslo Universitetsforlaget, Blindem 1972... 

Nov. 27, 1903, Christiana, now Oslo, Norway - Oct. 5, 1976, Coral Gables, FL, USA) Norwegian-born American physical chemist, studied at the Norwegian Institute of Technology, with -> Debye in Zurich, went to Yale in 1928, studied and taught there from 1934... 

Crystals of 5 so far have always been twinned, so accurate bond lengths could not be determined, but the X-ray analysis showed definitely that the compound is monomeric. The structure was confirmed by an electron-diffraction study, carried out at the University of Oslo. A representation is shown in Fig. 2 the molecule is planar, with bond distance Si-N 175.3, N-C 140.0, C=C 134.2 pm. The Si NMR spectrum shows that the silicon atom is deshielded (5 = 78.3 ppm) consistent with low coordination at Si. 

Anderson NH. Light Stability Studies 11. APQ Symposium American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists Eighth Annual Meeting and Exposition, Nov 14-18,1993. Anderson NH, Jackson SL, Small A. Comparison of a xenon source with full spectrum fluorescent tubes for pharmaceutical product photostability. Photostability 95,1st International Meeting, Photostability of Drugs, Oslo, NO, June 8-9,1995. 

The quantum yield would normally be obtained by analyzing the amount of D remaining and expressed as (p When correctly measured, the quantum yield of a particular photochemical reaction should be the same, irrespective of whether it is determined in Washington, Sydney, or Oslo. When reporting the photochemical reactivity of a drug in a quantitative sense, the quantum yield is what should be quoted for each reaction (3,4). The reason for the interest of photochemists in the quantum yield of a photochemical reaction is that (p is the measure of the amount of reaction corresponding to the photons actually absorbed by the sample, and therefore is the true constant. Chemical actinometer systems have been widely used in basic photochemical studies to enable the determination of the quantum yield of a photochemical reaction (5). 

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